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Ac Generator

The document discusses AC generators, including: - AC generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy via electromagnetic induction as a coil cuts magnetic flux. - The main parts are a field, armature, prime mover, rotor, stator and slip rings. - As the armature rotates in the magnetic field, an alternating current is induced in the coils. - A three-phase generator has three sets of coils producing three output voltages 120 degrees out of phase. This allows for more efficient power transmission than a single-phase generator.

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69 views17 pages

Ac Generator

The document discusses AC generators, including: - AC generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy via electromagnetic induction as a coil cuts magnetic flux. - The main parts are a field, armature, prime mover, rotor, stator and slip rings. - As the armature rotates in the magnetic field, an alternating current is induced in the coils. - A three-phase generator has three sets of coils producing three output voltages 120 degrees out of phase. This allows for more efficient power transmission than a single-phase generator.

Uploaded by

dineshsilambam2305
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

SRI KRISHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(AN AUTONOM OUS INSTITUTION | AFFILIATED TO ANNA UNIVERSITY | ACCREDITED BY NAAC W ITH “A” GRADE)
ACCREDITED BY NBA(CSE, IT, ECE, EEE, M ECH, M CT & CIVIL)
KUNIAM UTHUR, COIMBATORE, TAM ILNADU, INDIA

SKCET STUDY MATERIAL

Subject Name : APPLIED SCIENCE – 22AS101

Module : lI – MAGNETISM, ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

AND ALTERNATING CURRENT

TOPIC : AC GENERATOR

BRANCH : I B.E. MCT


AC GENERATOR
• What Is an AC Generator
• AC Generator Parts and Function
– Field
– Armature
– Prime Mover
– Rotor
– Stator
– Slip rings
• Working of an AC Generator
• Advantages of AC Generators over DC Generator
02/04/2024 2
AC GENERATOR
• AC generator is a machine that converts
mechanical energy into electrical energy.
• AC generators work on the principle of Faraday’s
law of electromagnetic induction, which states that
electromotive force – EMF or voltage – is
generated in a current-carrying conductor that cuts
a uniform magnetic field.
• The generated EMF depends on the number of
armature coil turns, magnetic field strength, and
the speed of the rotating field.
02/04/2024 3
The various parts of an AC generator
• Field
• Armature
• Prime Mover
• Rotor
• Stator
• Slip Rings

02/04/2024 4
AC GENERATOR

02/04/2024 5
• Field
The field consists of coils of conductors that
receive a voltage from the source and produce
magnetic flux. The magnetic flux in the field cuts
the armature to produce a voltage. This voltage is
the output voltage of the AC generator.
• Armature
The part of an AC generator in which the
voltage is produced is known as an armature. This
component primarily consists of coils of wire that
are large enough to carry the full-load current of
the generator.
02/04/2024 6
• Prime Mover
The component used to drive the AC
generator is known as a prime mover. The
prime mover could either be a diesel engine,
a steam turbine, or a motor.

• Rotor
The rotating component of the
generator is known as a rotor. The generator’s
prime mover drive the rotor.

02/04/2024 7
• Stator
The stator is the stationary part of an AC
generator. The stator core comprises a
lamination of steel alloys or magnetic iron to
minimise the eddy current losses.
• Slip Rings
Slip rings are electrical connections used
to transfer power to and fro from the rotor of
an AC generator. They are typically designed
to conduct the flow of current from a
stationary device to a rotating one.
02/04/2024 8
Working of an AC Generator
• When the armature rotates between the poles of
the magnet upon an axis perpendicular to the
magnetic field, the flux linkage of the armature
changes continuously.
• As a result, an electric current flows through the
galvanometer and the slip rings and brushes.
• The galvanometer swings between positive and
negative values.
• This indicates that there is an alternating current
flowing through the galvanometer.
• The direction of the induced current can be
identified using Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule.
02/04/2024 9
Advantages
• AC generators can be easily stepped up and
stepped down through transformers.
• The transmission link size in AC Generators is
thinner because of the step-up feature.
• Losses in AC generators are relatively lesser
than in DC machines.
• The size of an AC generator is smaller than a
DC generator

02/04/2024 10
SINGLE PHASE AC GENERATOR

02/04/2024 11
The induced emf at any instant is given by e=Eosinωt.
The peak value of the emf, Eo=NBAω
where
N is the number of turns of the coil,
A is the area enclosed by the coil,
B is the magnetic field and
ω is the angular velocity of the coil.

02/04/2024 12
SINGLE PHASE AC GENERATOR

02/04/2024 13
• The principles of a three-phase generator are
basically the same as that of a single-phase
generator, except that there are three equally-
spaced windings and three output voltages
that are all 120° out of phase with one
another.

• Physically adjacent loops are separated by 60°


of rotation; however, the loops are connected
to the slip rings in such a manner that there
are 120 electrical degrees between phases.
02/04/2024 14
• The individual coils of each winding are
combined and represented as a single coil.
The significance of below Figure is that it
shows that the three-phase generator has
three separate armature windings that are
120 electrical degrees out of phase.

02/04/2024 15
Working
• The initial position of the field magnet is
horizontal and field direction is perpendicular
to the plane of the coil 1.
• As it is seen in single phase AC generator,
when field magnet is rotated from that
position in clockwise direction, alternating
emf ε1 in coil 1 begins a cycle from origin O.

02/04/2024 16
• The corresponding cycle for alternating emf ε2 in coil 2
starts at point A after field magnet has rotated through
120°.
• Therefore, the phase difference between ε1 and ε2 is
120°.
• Similarly, emf ε3 in coil 3 would begin its cycle at point B
after 240° rotation of field magnet from initial position.
• Thus these emfs produced in the three phase AC
generator have 120° phase difference between one
another.

02/04/2024 17

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