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Manufacturing (CH 1)

The document discusses manufacturing engineering and provides an overview of course contents including traditional and special casting processes, machining processes, and non-traditional machining processes. It defines manufacturing, describes the history and development of manufacturing processes, and classifies the main manufacturing process categories.

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amanuelfitsum589
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33 views20 pages

Manufacturing (CH 1)

The document discusses manufacturing engineering and provides an overview of course contents including traditional and special casting processes, machining processes, and non-traditional machining processes. It defines manufacturing, describes the history and development of manufacturing processes, and classifies the main manufacturing process categories.

Uploaded by

amanuelfitsum589
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Manufacturing Engineering -I

Course contents
1. Metal-working industry
2. Traditional machining processes
3. Fundamentals of casting processes
4. Special casting processes
5. Non-traditional machining processes

1 Prepared by; Seyoum A. (M.Sc. In Manufacturing and Materials Engineering)


Mechanical Engineering Department
Aksum Institute of Technology
Aksum university
prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology Axum-Ethiopia
Sep, 2019
2 Chapter one: Metal-working industry

Contents outlines

 Introduction to manufacturing engineering


 Introduction to manufacturing process
 Types of manufacturing process in metal working industries

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


3 Introduction to manufacturing engineering
What is Manufacturing?

 The word manufacture is derived from two Latin words,


manus (hand) and factus (make); the combination
meaning is made by hand [traditional meaning]
 In the modern context, manufacturing can be defined in
two ways; as technologic and economic

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


4 What is Manufacturing?
 Technologically, manufacturing is application of physical
and chemical processes to alter the geometry, properties,
and/or appearance of a starting material to make parts or
products.
 It is carried out as a sequence of operations to bring the
material closer to the desired final state

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


 The processes involve a combination of machinery,
5 tools, power, and labor i.e manufacturing system

Figure 1: Manufacturing definition: as a technical process


prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology
6 What is Manufacturing?

Economically, manufacturing is the transformation of


materials into items of greater value
 iron ore into steel,
 molded plastic into complex geometry of chair
 sand into glass,
 petroleum into plastic,
 Billet into wire
 Sheet into tube

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


7

Figure 2: Manufacturing definition: as an economic process


prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology
8
Manufacturing System
 Manufacturing as a system goes beyond the mere
conversion of raw material and processes.
 The holistic approach for manufacturing system
incorporates design, planning and conversion

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


9
Manufacturing System

 It is considered as a system, due to the


integration of people, equipment, policies and
procedures to accomplish organizational
objectives

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


10 History of Manufacturing Development
The history can be separated into two subjects:
1. Human’s discovery and invention of materials
and processes.
 Early fabrication include weapons, pottery and
glass ware and other timely products largely
based on handicraft procedures

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


11 History of Manufacturing Development
 5000-4000 BC - Wood, ceramics, stones, metal, earth
wares
 2500 BC lost wax casting, jewelry, earth wares, etc.
 600-800 AD Steel production
 800-1200 AD Sand casting of cast iron
 1750 AD Machine tools run by the power of steam
engine,

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


12 History of Manufacturing Development

 1920-1940 Automation, interchangeable parts, die-


casting
 1940-1960 Computers, Ceramic mold, nodular iron,
semiconductors, continuous castings
 1960-1990 CNC, GT, robotics, CAD / CAM, NTM …
etc.
 1990-date micro-machining, nano materials

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


Development of systems of production - refer to the ways of
13 organizing people and equipment for more efficient production.

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology

Development of Today’s Production system


14 Manufacturing Process Selection Criteria

 Material selection with environment and


recycling aspects
 Process selection (casting, forming, sheet
metal, powder metallurgy, machining, etc).
 Shape and appearance of the final product

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


15 Manufacturing Process Selection Criteria

 Dimensional tolerance and surface finish aspects


 Economics of tooling
 Design and Functional requirements
 Production quantity requirements
 Safety and environmental concerns
 Cost of production

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


16

Alternative flow chart showing parallel selection of material and process.


prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology
17

FIG. Compatibility
chart of materials
and processes.

Selection of a material may restrict possible processes.


prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology
Selection of a process may restrict possible materials.
18
Manufacturing Processes Classification
Six basic classifications of manufacturing processes.
1. Metal casting: expendable and permanent mold
2. Metal Forming and Shearing: rolling, forging,
extrusion, sheet forming, powder metallurgy
3. Material Removal / Machining : Conventional
Processes (turning, drilling, milling, grinding …)
nontraditional machining (chemical, thermal, etc)

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


19 Manufacturing Processes Classification

4. Joining: welding, brazing, soldering, adhesive


bonding, mechanical joining, etc.
5. Finishing (painting, anti-corrosion coatings, etc.)
6. Rapid Manufacturing: stereo-lithography,
selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling,
…

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology


Taxonomy of the Manufacturing Processes
20

prepared by: Seyoum A., Aksum Institute of Technology

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