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3D Bioprinting

3D bioprinting is a technology that uses bioinks containing living cells to print layer-by-layer structures that mimic natural tissues. It was first demonstrated in 1988 using an inkjet printer. 3D bioprinting is needed for tissue and organ transplantation using a patient's own cells, studying tissues and cells, drug discovery, and reducing animal testing. The major techniques are extrusion bioprinting, inkjet-based bioprinting, and laser-assisted bioprinting. Applications include tissue engineering like printing skin, bone and cartilage; the first 3D-printed organ transplanted was a bladder in 1999. It also aids drug testing and toxicology screening.

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2K views15 pages

3D Bioprinting

3D bioprinting is a technology that uses bioinks containing living cells to print layer-by-layer structures that mimic natural tissues. It was first demonstrated in 1988 using an inkjet printer. 3D bioprinting is needed for tissue and organ transplantation using a patient's own cells, studying tissues and cells, drug discovery, and reducing animal testing. The major techniques are extrusion bioprinting, inkjet-based bioprinting, and laser-assisted bioprinting. Applications include tissue engineering like printing skin, bone and cartilage; the first 3D-printed organ transplanted was a bladder in 1999. It also aids drug testing and toxicology screening.

Uploaded by

nabiha123minhaj
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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3D BIOPRINTING

MADEEHA OWAIS
23011G1908
MSc Microbiology
Department of Center of Biotechnology, JNTUH
What is 3D bioprinting?
• 3D bioprinting is a technology where bioinks, mixed with living cells,
are printed layer-by-layer into a natural tissue-like three-dimensional
structures.
• Bioprinting was first demonstrated in 1988 by Dr.Robert J. Klebe when
he used a standard office inkjet printer to deposit cells on substrate
material.
Need for 3D bioprinting?
• Tissue/organ transplantation fabricated from own body cells
• Study tissues / cells
• Drug discovery
• Alternative to animal testing
What is Bioink?
o Bioinks are materials used to produce engineered/artificial live tissue using 3D
bioprinting.
o These inks are mostly composed of cells as well as various chemicals that help
cells to communicate and grow.
o MAKING OF BIOINK
o Cells sourced from patient biopsies or stem cells and are grown.
o Cells are cultured in growth medium, enabling cells to grow and multiply.
o When enough cells are produced, they are collected to make bioink.
o Cells are then loaded into cartridge to create bioink.
Pre in bioprinting
Steps Post
Biop
biopr biopr
rinti
intin intin
ng
g g
• Pre bioprinting- The process of creating a model or
blueprint by the extraction of biopsy of a tissue which is
to be recreated and using technologies like CT and MRI
scans.
• Cells that needed are selected and multiplied and mixed
with oxygen and nutrients to make them viable.
• Bioprinting- In this step the bioink is placed in the printer
to form a 3D structure and deposited layer-by-layer on
substrate material.

• Post bioprinting- This is to provide stability to the


printed structure.
3D bioprinting techniques:

EXTRUSION BIOPRINTING

INKJET-BASED BIOPRINTING

LASER-ASSISTED BIOPRINTING
Extrusion bioprinting
Inkjet based bioprinter
• A pulse of pressure is used to eject a droplet of bioink.
• A pulse of pressure can be generated in two ways: using
thermal mechanisms or piezoelectric mechanisms.
• In the thermal mechanism, a small surface of bioink is
heated and vaporized to create bubble, creating pressure and
forcing a droplet of bioink out of the nozzle.
• In the piezoelectric mechanism, an electric current is
applied, causing the chamber to deform slightly and forcing
a droplet of bioink out of the nozzle.
Laser-based bioprinting
• Laser based bioprinting consists of a laser, a
focus lens, a ribbon and a substrate.
• The ribbon contains a sheet of transparent
quartz glass, with a very thin gold coating and
a coating of bioink.
• When the laser reaches the gold, it heats it and
expand it, propelling a small amount of bioink
to the substrate.
• This is a very precise method.
Applications:
• Tissue engineering- It enables fabrication of complex tissues and organs that can replace
damaged or lost tissues.
• A wide variety of tissues have been successfully bioprinted like skin, bones and cartilage, blood
vessels, liver tissue, kidneys etc.
• The first 3D-printed organ that
was transplanted into a human
was a bladder in 1999
by scientists at the Wake
Forest Institute for
Regenerative Medicine. And
it's still fully functioning more
than a couple of decades later.

• At Rice University, researches


developed
a miniature bioprinted lung-
mimicking
air sac with vascular networks.
• Drug testing- To predict the efficacy and toxicity of newly developed drugs
• Toxicology screening- The process of identifying potential adverse effects
of chemicals that might require large number of human subjects.
Thank You

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