Scribd
Upload
66 views16 pages

Dalys and Qalys

This document discusses Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), which are measures used to assess disease burden and treatment effectiveness. QALYs consider both length and quality of life, while DALYs quantify years lost to disability or early death. The document defines each measure, explains how they are calculated, and compares their uses and limitations. Both are useful for health economic evaluations but have been criticized for not accounting for all factors like age, gender differences, or qualitative outcomes.

Uploaded by

Afifa Rizwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
66 views16 pages

Dalys and Qalys

This document discusses Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), which are measures used to assess disease burden and treatment effectiveness. QALYs consider both length and quality of life, while DALYs quantify years lost to disability or early death. The document defines each measure, explains how they are calculated, and compares their uses and limitations. Both are useful for health economic evaluations but have been criticized for not accounting for all factors like age, gender differences, or qualitative outcomes.

Uploaded by

Afifa Rizwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

DALYs and QALYs

Subject: Community Health Nursing


Class: BSN Final Year
Submitted to: Miss Maria
Submitted by: Afifa, Khadija

03/11/2024
Objectives
At the end of topic student will able to learn about:
• Introduction to QALYs and DALYs
• Disability Adjusted Life Years
• Uses of Disability Adjusted Life years
• Quality Adjusted Life Years
• Uses of Quality Adjusted Life Years
• Relation between DALYs and QALYs
• Difference between QALYs and DALYs
• Criticis of QALYs and DALYAs

03/11/2024
Introduction
• Quality Adjusted Life Years(QALYs) and Disability Adjusted Life Years are
both measurements to calculate the quality and quantity of life either of
individual or the general population.
• The DALYs is a measure of overall disease burden. The DALYs is becoming
increasingly common in the field of public health and health impact
assessment.
• The QALYs is considered to be the cornerstone of economic analysis which
combines both morbidity gains and the mortality impact of a treatment.

03/11/2024
Disability Adjusted Life Years(DALYs)
• DALY stands for Disability-Adjusted Life Year.
• DALY is the only quantitative indicator of burden of diseases and measure
of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of year lost due to ill
health, disability or early death.
• It reflects the total year lost or some degree of disability during a period of
time.

03/11/2024
Disability Adjusted Life Years
• Premature mortality is measure as a year of life lost(YLLs)
• Morbidity is measured in term of year lived with a disability(YLDs)
• One DALY represents one lost year of health life.
• DALY is expressed in either 0 or 1, where
• 0= perfect health
• 1= death
• One DALY represents one lost year of health life.

03/11/2024
Disability Adjusted Life Years
• Disability Adjusted Life Year is a measure
of overall disease burden, expressed as
the cumulative number of year lost due
to ill-health, disability or early death. =Years lived with disability(YLD) + Year of life
Formula to calculate DALYs: lost(YLL)
• DALYs= YLL +YLD

* *
Uses of Disability Adjusted Life Years
• Quantitative analysis of the burden of disease
• Analysis of cost-effectiveness of alternative interventions
• Selection of a packages or list of intervention deliverable within the
available budget.

03/11/2024
Quality Adjusted Life Years
• QALYs stand for Quality Adjust Life Years .
• QALYs are used to identify the effectiveness of a new treatment
compared to current treatment for a particular condition.
• It can measure both the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an
intervention.
• It is expressed in either 0 or 1
• 1= perfect health
• 0= death

03/11/2024
Quality Adjusted Life Years
• QALYs Health is defined as a function of two components
 Length of life = mortality
 Quality of life= morbidity
• In health economic evaluations, the QALYs is used to quantify the
effectiveness of a new medicine versus the current one.In other words,
the current standard of care is taken as baseline, and QALYs gained from
the new intervention are counted in addition.

03/11/2024
Uses Of Quality Adjusted Life Years
• QALYs are used to identify the effectiveness of a new treatment
compared to the current treatment for a particular condition.
• QALYs can also be used to compare the health benefit of a new
treatment for one condition with the health benefit of a new treatment
for a different condition.
• QALYs can also be used to evaluate the cost effectiveness of a treatment,
that is how much the drug or treatment costs per QALY.

03/11/2024
Relation between QALYs and DALYs

03/11/2024
Difference between QALYs and DALYs
Quality Adjusts Life Years:
• It measures quality and quantity of care
and life.
• Well developed earlier than DALYs.
• It is an absolute measures used to
compare disease burden in population.
• In QALYs:
 1= perfect health
 0= death
• QALY= Quality of life multiple length of
life.
03/11/2024
Difference between QALYs and DALYs
Disability Adjusted Life Years
• Measure health loss in the quality of life.
• DALYs was developed after 20 years.
• It is used to analyze clinical intervention.
• In DALYs:
 0= perfect health
 1= death
• DALYs =+

03/11/2024
Critics of QALYs and DALYs
• Discriminates againts young and the old(DALYs)
• No male-female difference in length of life(DALYs)
• Discounting future health outcomes(DALYs)
• Does’nt help determine the right intervention (DALYs+QALYs)
• Does not assess qualitative difference in outcomes (DALYs+QALYs)

03/11/2024
Refrences
• Google
• Community medicine Naveed Alam

03/11/2024
03/11/2024

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy