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Meaning & Relevance of History

This document provides an overview of Philippine history and sources of historical information about the Philippines. It discusses definitions of history, the relevance of history, periods of Philippine history including Prehistory, Precolonial Era, Spanish Era, American Era, Japanese Era, Filipino Culture, and the New Era. It also outlines primary and secondary sources of history, including written documents, artifacts, archives, and libraries that contain important information about Philippine history. Locations of key Philippine and Spanish archives and depositories are mentioned where historical records from different eras can be accessed.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
71 views39 pages

Meaning & Relevance of History

This document provides an overview of Philippine history and sources of historical information about the Philippines. It discusses definitions of history, the relevance of history, periods of Philippine history including Prehistory, Precolonial Era, Spanish Era, American Era, Japanese Era, Filipino Culture, and the New Era. It also outlines primary and secondary sources of history, including written documents, artifacts, archives, and libraries that contain important information about Philippine history. Locations of key Philippine and Spanish archives and depositories are mentioned where historical records from different eras can be accessed.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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HISTORY OF THE

Philippines
Lesson Presentation
HISTORY
History originated as a derivation of historia, an ancient Greek term for
learning through inquiry (Hoefferle, 2013).
It is usually defined as the study of past events. Merriam Webster
Dictionary denotes that history refers to a chronological record of significant
events such as those affecting a nation or institution, often including an
explanation of their causes.
The American Historical Association, on the other hand, currently defines
history as the never-ending process whereby people seek to understand the
past and its many meanings. Therefore, history is not only a mere collection
of narratives compiled or collated by authors, rather history employs a
system to organize narratives.
HISTORY
In the Philippine setting, the classic definition of history is given
by Zeus Salazar, a notable historian and retired professor of
the University of the Philippines. To him, Kasaysayan, the
counterpart of history in the mother tongue, is an essential
narrative with to a group of people that is characterized by
uniqueness and identity. This uniqueness, as opined by Salazar,
is largely based on their own language and heritage, hence
―Ang Kasaysayan ay salaysay na may saysay para sa isang
grupo ng tao na may kakanyahan, identidad na nakasandig sa
sariling wika at kalinangan (Sebastian and Rosales, 2008).
Through this definition, Salazar reiterates that the essence of
history depends on whose history is being narrated and who the
intended audiences are.
HISTORY

It is important to note that history is not the past, but


rather a glimpse of the past. The entirety of the past
cannot be narrated and included in all of the written
histories for the main reason that not everything which
happened in the past were recorded and/or
documented. Therefore, history does not create
narration of past events; rather a recreation of past
events based on available materials.
RELEVANCE OF HISTORY
Collingwood (1976) tells that history is valuable because it teaches
people what they have done and thus what man is. Through history,
the present generation could assess the feats and defeats of the
previous generations and can learn not only from their errors but also
from their victories. The following relevance of history were
enumerated by Peter Stearns (1998).
 History contributes to Moral Understanding
 History helps us understand people and societies
 History provides Identity
 History is essential for Good Citizenship.
SOURCES OF
HISTORY
History Timeline Prehistory
01 02 03
Precolonial Spanish Era American Era
04 05 06
Japanese Era Filipino Culture New Era
07 08 09
Philippine Depositories. The foremost depository where
students of history can go to is the National Library of the
Philippines (NLP). Holding a wide array of general and rare
collections on Philippine history, it includes the following
units: (1) Filipiniana Division and (2) Microfilm Section.
These units, indeed, are very helpful to students in their
academic pursuits and research endeavors. Important
documents such as the Historical Data Papers and the
Philippine Revolutionary Records are housed in this library.
The Archives of the University of
Santo Tomas contains rich Spanish-
era collection, especially with
regards to education-related
records during the Spanish Period.
If the students wish to conduct researches
on ecclesiastical-related topics, they can
go and visit the Archdiocesan Archives of
Manila which is located in Arzobispado,
Intramuros. This depository contains vast
information on Church affairs. It is also
here where the infamous Retraction
Letter of Rizal was found.
UP DILIMAN IN QUEZON CITY
ATENEO DE MANILA UNIVERSITY’S RIZAL LIBRARY
The archives of the Congregation of the Immaculate
Heart of Mary (CICM), also in Quezon City
DEPOSITORIES
Spanish Depositories. The following are the principal Spanish depositories which contain
tons of collections pertaining to the Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines:
1. Archivo General de Indias (Seville)
2. ArchivoHistorico Nacional (Madrid)
3. Museo Naval de la Ministerio de Marina (Madrid)
4. Real Academia de la Historia (Madrid)
5. Biblioteca Nacional de Espana (Madrid)
6. Archivo de Ministerio de AsuntosExteriores (Madrid)

The Spanish government through the Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte launched the Portal
de Archivos Españoles (PARES) which offers free access to digitized copies of documents
and other sources that can be found in Spanish Archives. Through this initiative, students of
history in the Philippines can freely access digitized documents and other sources online.
DEPOSITORIES
Mexican Depository. The Philippines was a part of the Viceroyalty of
New Spain, the capital of which was situated in Mexico. The ties
between the two Spanish territories ended when Mexico gained its
independence in 1821. Because of this, a multitude number of sources
could possibly be sitting in the Archivo General de la Nacion de Mexico
which can be very useful to students.
Classification and Types of Historical Sources

Sources are defined as artifacts A basic definition from Collins English Dictionary
the students can infer
relates artifact as something made or given shape by
that have been left by the past.
that historical sources humans such as a tool or a work of art. On the other
They exist either as (1) relics, (2)
are not only confined hand, Merriam Webster Dictionary denotes artifact
what we can call as remains, or as a simple object showing workmanship or
to written documents
(3) as the testimonies of modification as distinguished from a natural object.
witnesses of the past (Howell but also to artifacts and Basically, it is an object remaining from a particular
period. Examples are tools and ornaments.
and Prevenier, 2001). ecofacts.
Bacong burial pottery with anthropomorphic figures:
artifacts excavated by the University of San Carlos in
Cebu that are currently housed in their museum (left),
and artifacts from the National Archaeological Collection
(right). (Left photo from the 1995 publication “Cultural
Heritage of ASEAN: Selected Treasures from ASEAN
Museums”)

The archives of the Congregation of the Immaculate


Heart of Mary (CICM), also in Quezon City
It is easy to say that an artifact does not only refer to antiquated
objects which are
usually associated with archaeological finds but to any object which
were modified by
humans for their own purpose or consumption. Also, an artifact is a
mute witness of the
period of its existence.
On the other hand, ecofact, according to the Oxford
Dictionary
pertains to an excavated piece of evidence consisting
natural remains, as opposed to an
objects of human workmanship.
Main Types of Written Sources
Primary Source
A good definition of primary source is provided by Louis Gottschalk
(1950) in his book Understanding History. According to him, a primary
source is ―the testimony of an eyewitness, or of a witness by any
other of the senses, or of a mechanical device like the
Dictaphone–that is, of one who or that which was present at the
events of which he or it tells. Based on this definition, a myriad of
examples include the following: diaries, audio recordings, artifacts,
letters, newspaper articles and documents such as birth
certificates, marriage contracts, and death certificates. Visual
sources like works of arts, photographs and videos are also included in
this category.
Main Types of Written Sources
Secondary Source

Secondary Source Gottschalk (1950) defines a secondary source


as ―the testimony of anyone who is not an eyewitness–that is,
one who was not present at the events of which he tells.‖ Thus,
the main difference between it and a primary source is the presence
of the writer or author or observer to the event being described.
Secondary sources may include sources as Readings in
Philippine History 6 bibliographies, commentaries,
annotations, dictionaries, encyclopedias, journal articles,
magazines, monographs, and textbooks.
Propose a title for a possible research
and come up with at least three (3)
statements of the problem or
arguments. Prepare an outline which
would determine the flow of your
research. Using digital archives,
prepare a bibliography of the sources
which you can use in your research.
Classify your sources according to
type.

- Dr. Jose Rizal


AMERICAN ERA

Add text here Add text here Add text here

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JAPANESE ERA
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consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad
minim veniam, quis nostrud
exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut
aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Duis aute irure dolor in
reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla
pariatur. Duis aute irure dolor in
reprehenderit.
A PICTURE ALWAYS REINFORCES THE CONCEPT
FILIPINO CULTURE

Concept A Concept B
Lorem ipsum dolor sit Lorem ipsum dolor sit
amet, consectetur amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit, sed do adipiscing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et incididunt ut labore et
dolore magna aliqua. dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim Ut enim ad minim
veniam, quis nostrud veniam, quis nostrud
exercitation. exercitation.
Thank You!
RESOURCE
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