Scribd
Upload
78 views18 pages

3.2 Intuition, Proof and Certainty

Mathematical proofs are used to demonstrate logical certainty of mathematical statements. Proofs show that statements are either true or false. They consist of a statement to prove, deduced facts derived from assumptions, logical reasonings connecting facts, and a conclusion matching the original statement. Different types of proofs include paragraph, flow chart, and two-column formats. Proofs are crucial in mathematics as they establish absolute truth and help understand why statements are true.

Uploaded by

Alma G. Florida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
78 views18 pages

3.2 Intuition, Proof and Certainty

Mathematical proofs are used to demonstrate logical certainty of mathematical statements. Proofs show that statements are either true or false. They consist of a statement to prove, deduced facts derived from assumptions, logical reasonings connecting facts, and a conclusion matching the original statement. Different types of proofs include paragraph, flow chart, and two-column formats. Proofs are crucial in mathematics as they establish absolute truth and help understand why statements are true.

Uploaded by

Alma G. Florida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Intuition, Proof

and Certainty
Intuition

Is the ability to acquire knowledge,


without recourse to conscious reasoning
or needing an explanation.
Proof and Certainty

A proof is an inferential argument for


a mathematical statement while proofs
are example of mathematical logical
certainty.
What is a Proof in Math?

The definition of a proof is the logical


way in which mathematicians
demonstrate that a statement is true.
These statements are known as theorems
and lemmas.
Why are Proofs Important in
Math?

Without proofs, every mathematical


statement would be purely hypothetical.
There would be no absolute truth
without proofs.
Why are Proofs Important in
Math?

•Proofs show that a mathematical


statement is true or false.
•Proofs are helpful for understanding
why a mathematical statement is true.
Parts of a Math Proof

•Statement
•Deduced Facts
•Reasonings
•Conclusion
• The most important
among the different
parts of a
mathematical proof.
Statement • This usually takes the
form of “If this, then
that.” This represents
the hypothesis and
that the conclusion.
• These are true
statements derived
Deduced from the assumptions
given. They follow
Facts logically from the
“this” part of the
statement.
• It is the why from the
deduced facts.
• Why that equation was
deduced from an
Reasonings earlier equation?
• Why the statement
follows from the
preceding
assumptions.
• This will exactly be
what was sought out
Conclusion to be proven or the
“that” statement.
How to Write a Proof in Math

All proofs should begin with the


information provided. Each following
statements uses deduced facts and ends
with a conclusion statement, which is the
statement being proven.
How to Write a Proof in Math

•Paragraph Proof
•Flow Chart Proofs
•Two-Column Proofs
Paragraph
Proof
To begin, AED is a right
bangle. Thus, it is ninety
degrees by definition of a right
angle. AED lies collinearly with
the angle AEC, and it must be
that AED and AEC are
supplementary. Therefore, the
sum of the angles AED and
The lines AB and CD intersect at E
AEC is 180, and because AED at a right angle.
is 90 degrees, it must be that Suppose that AED is a right angle.
AEC is 90 degrees. Prove that AEC is aright angle.
Flow Chart Proof

The lines AB and CD


intersect at E at a right
angle.
Suppose that AED is a right
angle. Prove that AEC is
aright angle.
Two-Column Proof
Statement Reason
1. is a right angle 1. Given
2. 2. Definition of right
angle
3. and are linear and 3. Linear angle theorem
supplementary
4. 4. Definition of
supplementary The lines AB and CD
intersect at E at a right
5. 5. Substitution property angle.
6. 6. Subtraction Property Suppose that AED is a right
of Equality angle. Prove that AEC is
aright angle.
Methods of Mathematical Proof

•Direct Proof
•Indirect Proof (Contrapositive Proof)
•Proof by Counterexample
•Proof by Contradiction

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy