Scribd
Upload
152 views11 pages

Germplasm Conservation

Germplasm conservation involves preserving genetic material from plants and animals to ensure biodiversity. This can be done through in-situ conservation, which preserves species in their natural habitats using methods like biosphere reserves, national parks, and on-farm conservation, or through ex-situ conservation which stores genetic material outside its natural environment using in vitro techniques like tissue culture. Factors like deforestation, pollution, and climate change threaten genetic resources, making germplasm conservation important.

Uploaded by

amaya rajiv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
152 views11 pages

Germplasm Conservation

Germplasm conservation involves preserving genetic material from plants and animals to ensure biodiversity. This can be done through in-situ conservation, which preserves species in their natural habitats using methods like biosphere reserves, national parks, and on-farm conservation, or through ex-situ conservation which stores genetic material outside its natural environment using in vitro techniques like tissue culture. Factors like deforestation, pollution, and climate change threaten genetic resources, making germplasm conservation important.

Uploaded by

amaya rajiv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Germplasm conservation

Germplasm
 • A germplasm is a collection of
genetic resources for an organism.
• For plants, the germplasm may
be stored as a seed ,stem, Callus,
Whole plant in nurseries. Germplasm conservation
 • Plant germplasm is genetic
 • In case of animals- Genes, Body
source material in the form of
parts stored in gene bank
Seeds, Cultured cells ,Callus,
Pollens . • The in-situ /ex-situ
preservation of these material is
known as “Germplasm
conservation”. • Germplasm
provide the raw material (genes)
which the breeder uses to develop
commercial crop varieties.
What is the need of Factors that Effect Genetic
Preservation ? Recourses !
 • Preservation/Conservation of  • Deforestation
plant biodiversity is an important  • Urbanization
issue.
 • Pollution
 • Storage of Economically
important , endangered, rare  • Habitat destruction
species and make them available  • Fragmentation and degradation
when needed.
 • Climate change
 • The conventional methods of
storage failed to prevent losses  • Globalization
caused due to various reasons.  • Market economies
 • Over-grazing and changes in
land-use pattern are contributing
indirectly to the loss of diversity
Methods of Germplasm conservation


1. In-situ Preservation
 2. Ex-situ Preservation
In-situ conservation

 In situ conservation is the preservation of species and populations of living


organisms in a natural state in the habitat where they naturally occur or
Preservation of the germplasm in their natural habitat
 Limitation--- However, there is a heavy loss or decline of species, populations
and ecosystem composition, which can lead to a loss of biodiversity, due to
habitat destruction and the transformations of these natural environments;
therefore, in situ methods alone are insufficient for saving endangered
species
In Situ Conservation

 • Types of In situ Conservation


 1) Biosphere Reserves
 2) National Parks
 3) On Farm Conservation
 4) Wild Life Sanctuaries
1.Biosphere Reserves
Biosphere reserves or natural reserves are multipurpose protected areas with
boundaries circumscribed by legislation.
The main aim of biosphere reserve is: To preserve genetic diversity in
representative ecosystems by protecting wild animals, traditional life style of
inhabitant and domesticated plant/animal genetic resources.
2.National Parks
National parks defined as: • “An area , declared by state, for the purpose of
protecting, propagating or developing wildlife there in, or its natural
environment for their scienctific, educational and recreational value’’
3.Wildlife Sanctuary
Wildlife sanctuaries are areas dedicated to the protection and maintenance of
wildlife
4.On-farm conservation
“A form of in situ conservation in the place where the domesticated or
cultivated species have developed their distinctive properties”
Ex Situ Conservation or In Vitro Method
For Germplasm Conservation or
 • In vitro conservation is the conservation of tissues, cells, genomes and
genes under controlled environmental conditions
 • In vitro method employing shoots, meristems and embryos are ideally suited
for the conservation of germplasm
 • Ex situ means away from the natural, original place or position. Ex situ
conservation which include conservation of plants and animal away from their
native ecosystem Ex situ conservation is the conservation of genes or plant
genotypes outside their environment of natural occurrence, for current or for
future use.
 • In vitro techniques used to achieve medium-term conservation allow the
storage of biological material from several months to 2–3 years without
subculture, depending on the technique used and on the plant material.
 • Growth reduction is generally attained by modifying the culture medium
and/or the environmental conditions.
 • Modifications of the culture medium can include dilution of mineral
elements, reduction of sugar concentration, changes in the nature and/or
concentration of growth regulators and addition of osmotically active
compounds
Disadvantages of Ex-situ Conservation

 • Some plants do not produce fertile seeds.


 • Loss of seed viability
 • Seed destruction by pests, etc.
 • Poor germination rate.
 • This is only useful for seed propagating plants
 . • It’s a costly process.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy