ISO 14001 : 2004

Environmental Management System

Standard
Course Designed & Facilitated by Syed Mumtaz Ahmed
B.Tech (Hons) Mechanical MPA (HRM), PGD (Labor Admin.)

October 28, 2008

At National Institute of Labor Administration & Training University Road, Karachi.

Environmental Management System (EMS)

The environmental management system provides a structured process for the achievement of continual improvement, the rate and extent of which will be determined by the organization in the light of economic and other circumstances.

Environment & Environmental Issues

Environment is a source and sink for matter and energy that flow through society. Population and traditional industrial technology accelerate the flow, leading to resource depletion and pollution.

Issues: Resource depletion and pollution.

1. Local : Flood, Drought, Water pollution, Diseases and resource depletion. 2. Regional : Smog, Ice melting, Rising of sea level, Acid rains, Strom and weather changes. 3. Global : Global warming, Ozone depletion and resource depletion etc.

Environmental Segments
1. Lithosphere
The mantle rocks constituting the earths crust. 2. Hydrosphere

This includes all the surface & ground water.

3. Atmosphere It extends up to about 500 Km above the earth.

4. Biosphere
The region of the earth where life exists (from 10000m below sea level to 6000m above sea level).

Atmospheric Regions
The atmosphere, which extend up to about 500 km above the earths surface , can be broadly divided in to four major regions. Regions 1. Troposphere 2. Stratosphere 3. Mesosphere 4. Thermosphere Height above earth (km) 0 - 11 11 - 50 50 - 85 85 - 500 Temp. Range (oc) 15 to 56 -56 to 2 - 2 to -92 -92 to 1200

Prevention of Pollution
Use of processes, practices, materials or products that avoid, reduce or control pollution, which may include recycling, treatment, process changes, control mechanisms, efficient use of resources and material substitution. The potential benefits of prevention of pollution include the reduction of adverse environmental impacts, improved efficiency and reduced costs.

Environmental Management System (EMS)

An Environmental Management System constitutes
The management responsibilities, activities &

structure The physical processes, operations The control mechanisms / procedures / methods The resources The individual responsibilities

All coming together to ensure that the company operates as it planned, to meet its objectives.

What are ISO 14000 series of standards?

ISO 14000 is a series of international standards on environmental management, developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). The ISO 14001 specifies a framework for the development of of an environmental management system and the supporting audit programme. It is the corner stone standard of the series, other standards are actually guidelines thats include a broad range of environmental management disciplines.

Evolution of EMS Standards

1990.. BS 7750.UK
1993.. EMASEuropean Union

(EMAS.. Eco-Management and Audit Scheme)

1996.. ISO 14001.International Std.

2004..ISO 14001..Revised International. Std.

ISO 14000 series

EMS Development & Implementation

ISO 14004 : provides guidance on the development & implementation of EMS Auditing Standards ISO 14010, ISO 14011, ISO 14012 ( now superseded by ISO 19011) guidelines for quality and EMS auditing. ISO 14013/5: audit program review and assessment material.

ISO 14000 series

Performance Evaluation Standards ISO 14030+: guidance on performance targets and monitoring within and EMS. Others Guidelines: ISO 14020+ : labeling issues

ISO 14040+ : covers life cycle issues

ISO 14001:2004

Environmental Management
System Standard

The 5 Principles of EMS

1. COMMITMENT and POLICY.

2. PLANNING.
3. IMPLENTATION.

4. MEASUREMENT & EVALUATION.

5. REVIEW & IMPROVEMENT.

Environmental Management System Requirements

4.1 General requirements
4.2 Environmental Policy 4.3 Planning 4.4 Implementation and operation 4.5 Checking and corrective action 4.6 Management Review

4.1 General Requirements

The organisation shall establish and maintain an
environmental management system (EMS).

4.2 Environmental Policy

Top management shall define the organisations environmental policy, and ensure that it
Is appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its activities. Includes commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution.

4.2 Environmental Policy

Commitment to compliance with relevant environmental legislation and regulations.
Provides a framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives and targets. Is documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all employees. Is available to the public.

4.3 Planning
4.3.1 Environmental Aspects
Establish and maintain procedures to identify environmental aspects and significant environmental impacts associated with an organisations activities, products or services. (That it can control and over

which it can be expected to have an influence.)

The organisation shall ensure that the aspects

related to these significant impacts are considered in setting its environmental objectives.

The organisation shall keep this information up-todate.

4.3.2 Legal and other requirements

The organisation shall establish and maintain a procedure to identify and have access to legal and other requirements to which the organisation subscribes, that are applicable to the environmental aspects of its activities, products or services.

4.3.3

Objectives, targets

and programs
The organisation shall establish and maintain documented environmental objectives and targets, at each relevant function and level within the organisation.
The objectives and targets shall be measurable & consistent with the environmental policy, including a commitment to prevention of pollution.

4.3.3

Objectives, targets

and programs
The organisation shall take into consideration: Legal & other requirements. Significant environmental aspects. Technological, financial, operational, & business requirements. the views of interested parties.

4.3.3

Objectives, targets

and programs
The organisation shall establish and maintain (a) programme(s) for achieving its objectives and targets. It shall include:
a) Designation of responsibility for achieving objectives and targets at each relevant function and level of organisation; b) The means and time frame by which they to be achieved.

Example of Objectives and Targets

Targets can be considered as 'milestones' on the way to Objectives;
Objective : Reduce energy required in manufacturing. Target : Reduce energy consumption by 10% of its current level in next one year.
Objective : Minimize water use. Target : Reduce water consumption at site A by 15% of its present level in next one year.

4.4 Implementation and operations

4.4.1 Resources, roles, responsibility and authority Roles, responsibility and authorities shall be defined, documented and communicated. Management shall provide resources essential to the implementation and control of the environmental management system. Top Management shall appoint specific management representative (s) who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined roles, responsibilities and authority for :

Responsibilities of Management Representative

a) Ensuring that environmental management system requirements are established, implemented and maintained in accordance with this International Standard.

b)

Reporting on the performance of the EMS to top management for review and as a basis
for improvement of the EMS.

4.4.2 Competence, Training and awareness

The organisation shall identify training needs. It shall require that all personnel whose work may create a significant impact upon the environment, have received appropriate training. Procedures to make its employees at each relevant function aware of :

a) The importance of conformance with the environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the EMS. b) The significant environmental impacts, actual or potential, of their work activities and the environmental benefits of improved personal performance. c) Their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with the environmental policy and procedures, including emergency preparedness and response requirements. d) The potential consequences of departure from specified operating procedures.

4.4.3

Communication

The organisation shall establish and maintain procedure for a) Internal communication between the various levels and functions of the organisation b) Receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication from external interested parties. ( Includes customer

complaints)

The organisation shall consider processes for external communication on its significant environmental aspects and record its decision.

4.4.4

EMS Documentation

The organisation shall establish and maintain information, to a) Describe the core elements of the management system and their interaction.
b) Provide direction to related documentation.

Levels of Documentation

EMS Manual System Procedures

Operating Procedures Environmental Records

4.4.5

Document Control

The organisation shall establish and maintain procedures for controlling all documents required by this International Standard to ensure that a) They can be located. b) They are reviewed, revised and approved by authorised personnel. c) The current versions of relevant documents are available at all pertinent locations.

4.4.5

Document Control

d) Obsolete documents are promptly removed. e) Any obsolete documents retained for legal purposes are suitably identified.
Documents shall be legible, dated and readily identifiable, maintained in an orderly manner and retained for a specified period.

4.4.6

Operational Control

The organisation shall identify those operations and activities that are associated with identified significant environmental aspects in line with its policy, objectives and targets. The organisation shall plan these activities, including maintenance, in order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions:
a) Establishing and maintaining documented

procedures.

4.4.6

Operational Control

b) Stipulating operating criteria in the procedures.

c) Establishing and maintaining procedures related to the identifiable significant environmental aspects of goods and services used by the organisation and communicating relevant procedures to suppliers / contractors.

4.4.7 Emergency preparedness and response

The organisation shall establish and maintain procedures to identify potential for, and response to, accidents and emergency situations, and for preventing and mitigating the environmental impacts that may be associated with them. The organisation shall review and revise its emergency preparedness and response procedures. The organisation shall periodically test such procedures.

4.5 Checking
4.5.1 Monitoring and Measurement The organisation shall establish and maintain documented procedures to monitor and measure, on a regular basis, the key characteristics of its operations and activities that can have a significant impact on the environment. Records of these shall be maintained. Monitoring equipment shall be calibrated and maintained.Records of calibration shall be kept. Procedures for periodically evaluating compliance with the relevant environmental legislation.

4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance

4.5.2.1 Consistent with its commitment to compliance, the organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure (s) for periodically evaluating compliance with applicable legal requirements. 4.5.2.2 The organization shall evaluate compliance with other requirements to which it subscribes. Organization could combine this evaluation with 4.5.2.1 or establish a separate procedure(s).

4.5.3 Non-conformance and corrective & preventive action

Procedures for defining responsibility and authority for handling and investigating non-conformance, taking action to mitigate any impacts caused and for initiating and completing corrective and preventive action.
The organisation shall implement and record any changes in the documented procedures resulting from corrective and preventive action.

In establishing and maintaining procedures for investigating and correcting nonconformance, the organization should include these basic elements: a. identifying the cause of the nonconformance; b. identifying and implementing the necessary corrective action; c. implementing or modifying controls necessary to avoid repetition of the nonconformance; d. recording any changes in written procedures resulting from the corrective action.

4.5.4

Control of Records

Procedures for the identification, maintenance and disposition of environmental records. These records shall include training records and the results of audits and reviews. Records shall be readily retrievable, and protected against damage or loss. Records shall be maintained to demonstrate conformance to the requirements of this international standard.

4.5.5 Internal Audit

The organisation shall establish and maintain programmes and procedures for periodic environmental management system audits to be carried out in order to a)Determine whether or not the EMS conforms to planned arrangement, including the requirements of this international standard.
2. Has been properly implemented and maintained.

4.5.5 Internal Audit

b)Provide information on the results of audits to the management. Audits shall be conducted on the basis of environmental importance of the activity and the results of the previous audits. The procedure shall cover scope, frequency, methodology, responsibility, conducting and reporting of the audits.

The audit programme should cover;

a. the activities and areas to be considered in audits; b. the frequency of audits; c. the responsibilities associated with managing and conducting audits; d. the communication of audit results; e. auditor competence; f. how audits will be conducted.

Audits may be performed by personnel from within the organization and/or by external persons selected by the organization.

4.6 Management Review

The organisations top management shall, at intervals that it determines, review the EMS, to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. The review process shall ensure that that necessary information is collected to allow management to carry out this evaluation. The review shall be documented.

Benefits of an EMS
Improved compliance with environmental

legislation.
Maintaining good public / community relations. Reduced costs (waste, insurance.) Enhancing image and market share. Saving in consumption of energy and materials.

Reducing risks / incidents that result in liability.

Surviving in competitive Environment In view of WTO.

EMS can provide confidence to interested parties

Neighbourhood groups. Environmental groups. Citizens groups Governmental agencies. Employees. Shareholders. Customers

ISO 14001 - What it is NOT?

Product standard. An environmental performance standard. Does not establish value for pollutants. Does not establish test methods. Does not require a final performance goal. Does not require you to surpass regulatory limits. Does not require you to disclose performance levels. Does not require you to disclose audit results.

What does an EMS require from an organisation?

Establish an appropriate environmental policy,

including a commitment to prevention of pollution. Determine the legislative requirements & environmental aspects associated with the organisations activities, products and services. Develop management and employee commitment to the protection of environments, and assign responsibility and accountability.

What does an EMS require from an organisation?

Encourage environmental planning from raw

materials to product distribution. Establish a process for achieving targeted performance levels. Provide resources, including training. Establish an emergency preparedness and response program. Establish operational control and maintenance of the program.

What does an EMS require from an organisation?

Evaluate environmental program against the

policy, objectives and targets and seek improvement where appropriate. Establish management process to review and audit the EMS. Establish and maintain appropriate communication with internal and external environmental parties, and encourage contractors and suppliers to establish an EMS.

Procedures required by ISO 14001

Identification of environmental aspects. (4.3.1) Identification & access to legal & other
requirements.(4.3.2) Training.(4.4.2) Internal communication.(4.4.3) Communication from external parties. (4.4.3) Document control. (4.4.5) Operating procedures for activities associated with significant environmental aspects. (4.4.6.a)

Procedures required by ISO 14001

Monitoring & measurement of activities that can have a significant environmental impact.(4.5.1) Periodic evaluation of regulatory compliance. (4.5.1) Significant environmental aspects of goods and services used by the organisation.(4.4.6) Response to accidents and emergencies. (4.4.7)

Procedures required by ISO 14001

Calibration & maintenance of monitoring equipment. (4.5.1) Corrective & preventive actions.(4.5.2) Environmental records. (4.5.3) EMS Audits.(4.5.4)