I. WHAT IS SACRAMENT?

A saving symbolic act or a visible sign, arising from

the ministry of Christ and continued in, by and for
the Church, which when received in faith, fashions
us into Likeness to Christ in His Paschal Mystery,
Through the power of the Holy Spirit.
• Latin: sacramentum;
Greek: mysterion
• Rites/rituals
performed in/by the
Church, to convey
God’s “grace” to
believers
• PCP11- depicts the
Sacraments as the
center of Catholic life.
Just as without Christ,
Christian faith is
impossible, there could
be no Catholic Church.
•The 7 ritual
Sacraments are
grounded directly
both in Christ,
•the “Primordial
Sacrament”, and
• the Church as the basic or
“Foundational Sacrament.”
• They are defined as the actions of
Christ and of the Church
Number of Sacraments?
• Catholics & Orthodox Christians: seven (7)
• Most Protestants: only two (Bapt. & Euch.)
Aspects of each Sacrament:
–Effects & Ministers
–Biblical Basis
–Central Words & Actions
 A. CATHOLIC
SACRAMENTS ARE AT
ONCE SACRAMENTS OF:
-of Christ in origin
& presence
-of the Church, in
the sense that they
are by and for the
Church.
-of faith, as condition
& ongoing expression.
-of salvation, as
efficacious and
necessary means -of
eternal life, as their
ultimate goal
B. THE PURPOSE OF THE
SACRAMENTS ARE:
-to sanctify men and
women
-to build up the Body
of Christ and
-to give worship to
God.
 THE SEVEN (7)
RITUAL SACRAMENTS
SACRAMENT OF INITIATION

Sacrament of Sacrament of Sacrament of

Baptism Eucharist Confirmation
 SACRAMENT OF HEALING

Sacrament of
Anointing of
the Sick
Sacrament of
Reconciliation
SACRAMENTS OF VOCATION
AND MINISTRY IN CHRIST

Sacrament of
Sacrament of Holy Order
Matrimony
II. SACRAMENTALS
 SACRAMENTALS
They are the objects, actions,
practices, places and the like that help
us become aware of Christ’s grace
filled- presence around us or liberate
from the presence of the evil one.
Filipinos tend naturally to
seek concrete sensible
expression of their faith *
religious experience.
Sacrament. Objects ashes
palms candles crucifixes
rosaries scapulars statues
Baptism of Jesus
A. SACRAMENT
OF BAPTISM
Baptism is the Sacrament
of faith which brings us
new life in Christ and
forgiveness of sins through
water and the Spirit and
by sharing in the
Trinitarian divine life as
adopted sons and
daughters of the Father.
KINDS OF
BAPTISM
1. BAPTISM OF
DESIRE – applies
to those wishing to
be baptized but die
before receiving the
Sacrament.
2. BAPTISM OF
BLOOD – refers to
the martyrdom of
those who believe
and killed for their
faith.
3. INFANT
BAPTISM/
ADULT
BAPTISM
 THE CORE OF
BAPTISM
-new life in Christ, not the
washing of original sin but
that Baptism focuses on
Christ, a sharing on Christ
himself who baptized.
BAPTISM CENTRAL WORDS
& ACTIONS BAPTISM

WORDS: –"I baptize you in the

name of the Father, and of the Son,
and of the Holy Spirit.”

ACTIONS: –Full immersion in

water, or pouring water over head,
Sprinkling or dabbing.
B. SACRAMENT OF
CONFIRMATION
 BIBLICAL BASIS: CONFIRMATION

1. John 20:22 - "(Jesus)

breathed on them (the
disciples) and said, 'Receive
the Holy Spirit'";
2. Acts 8:17; 19:6 -believers
receive the Spirit, esp.
through laying on of the
apostle's hands.
 BIBLICAL BASIS: CONFIRMATION

3. Acts 10:44-48 - the coming of the Spirit is closely

associated with the Baptism of new believers. Holy
Spirit Confirmation is the sacrament by which,
those born anew in Baptism now receive the seal of
the Holy Spirit, the gift of the Father and the Son.
The ordinary minister of Confirmation is the
Bishop who is the successor of the Apostles, with
the fullness of the Sacrament of Holy Orders.
CANDIDATE FOR CONFIRMATION
- One who has attained the
age of reason in a state of
grace. Have the intention
of receiving the Sacrament
of disciple and witness to
Christ, Be prepared to
assume the role.
CANDIDATE FOR CONFIRMATION
• One who has attained the age
of reason in a state of grace

• Have the intention of

receiving the Sacrament of
disciple and witness to Christ

• Be prepared to assume the

role
 DOVE
• In Confirmation, Jesus
gives us in a special way
his Spirit, the “Spirit of
truth.” The ordinary
minister of Confirmation
is the Bishop.
 The activity of the Holy Spirit in
the lives of Christians

1. The Spirit empowers us to love.

2. The Spirit empowers us to know

the truth.

3. The Spirit empowers us to bear

witness to Jesus Christ.
The title “Christ”
means anointed one.
In Confirmation, one is
make a little Christ,
and so one is anointed
“priest, prophet, and
king”.
All the graces
received in baptism
are “strengthened”
(I.e., faith, hope,
charity, and the
7 gifts of the
Holy Spirit).
C. SACRAMENT
OF EUCHARIST
The Eucharist
is a sacrificial
meal.
“This is My body which is given
for you.” “The Eucharist is the
centerpiece of the 7 Sacraments
and the source and summit of
the whole Christian life” It is the
memorial of Christ’s sacrifice,
the sacrament of the Lord’s
Supper, and the center of his
sacramental presence uniting
the people of God, the Church
BIBLICAL BASIS:
•Jesus’ Last Supper:
–Mark 14:22-25
–Matt 26; Luke 22; 1 Cor
11
•Gospel Theology:
–John 6:48-58
•Early Christian Practice:
–Luke 24:35
MATTER:
Bread and wine – universal
signs of nourishment.

FORM:
Words of
Consecration: ...take this
all of you and eat it, this
is my body which.... This
is my blood,
TRANSUBSTANTIATION
The changing of the
substance of bread into
the substance of
Christ’s body.
The changing of the
substance of wine into
the substance of
Christ’s blood.
 HOLY
MATRIMONY
4. SACRAMENT
OF MARRIAGE
MATTER:
Bride and Groom
FORM:
The vows in the liturgy.
Marriage is the only
sacrament that the couple
actually administers to one
another. The priest is only a
witness.
MARRIAGE AS A
SACRAMENT REFERS TO 2
ESSENTIAL THINGS:
1. the sacramental
celebration of marriage
and;

2. the ongoing married life.

They freely and publicly
declare: to be of one
heart and one soul, from
this day forward, for
better or worse, for
richer, for poorer, in
sickness and in health
until death do us part.
BIBLICAL BASIS
Matrimony/Marriage
Gen 2:24 - "a man
leaves his parents and
clings to his wife and
they become one flesh”
 Mark 10:2-12;
Matt 19:1-9 –
Jesus teaches against divorce;
"What God has
joined together, let no
one separate”
Eph 5:22-33; 1Cor 7:10-16 -
Paul stresses the unity of
husbands and wives not
simply Jesus' presence
at the wedding at Cana,
John 2:1-11
How is marriage the image
of the New Covenant?
⚫ (CFC 1998) The
marriage covenant
between husband and
wife images the
covenant between Christ
and his Church.
Therefore, husbands and
wives should love each
other as Christ loves the
Church, “deferring to
one another out of
reverence for Christ”
(Eph. 5:21
5. SACRAMENT OF
RECONCILIATION
MATTER: the acts
of the penitent.
FORM: words of
absolution
(uttered by the
priest)
"God the Father of mercies has reconciled
the world to Himself through the death and
resurrection of His Son, and has poured
forth the Holy Spirit for the forgiveness of
sins. May He grant you pardon and peace
through the ministry of the Church. And I
absolve you from your sins in the name of
the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit."
EFFECTS:
• Forgiven of one's sins
• Reconciled to God
• Reconciled to others
MINISTERS:
• Bishops
• Priests
BIBLICAL BASIS
PENANCE/RECONCILIATION
• Jesus: Forgive!
– John 20:23
– Matt 16:19; 18:18
• James: Confess!
– James 5:16
Central Words
& Actions
Penance/
Reconciliation
• WORDS:
– "I forgive you of all
of your sins, in the
name of the Father,
and of the Son, and of
the Holy Spirit"
• ACTIONS:
– confesses his sins
– expresses contrition
– proposes amendment
6. SACRAMENT
OF ANOINTING
OF THE SICK
Christ instituted this
sacrament to remove the
remnants of sin from the
souls of men, and uniting
them closely to Christ
passion. Only priests
(Bishops and presbyters) are
ministers of the Anointing of
the Sick
Anointing of the Sick is
another proof of the face
of death. Sacrament's
healing is the total,
personal healing, a saving
and raising up of the
whole person.
BIBLICAL BASIS
Anointing of the Sick
• Disciples anoint the sick:
– Mark 6:7-13
• Call elders to pray/anoint:
– James 5:14-16
• Mark 6:7-13 –
Jesus' disciples "anointed with
oil many who were sick and
healed them”

• James 5:14-16 –
"call for the elders of the church
and have them pray over (the
sick), anointing them with oil in
the names of the Lord."
 7. SACRAMENT
OF HOLY ORDERS
MATTER: Laying on of hands
FORM: the prayers of the ritual.
• EFFECTS:
• Becoming "ordained" clergy, in leadership
“orders”:
• Bishops
• Priests
• Deacons

MINISTERS:
• only Bishops
BIBLICAL BASIS
Holy Orders
• Jesus chooses Apostles:
– Mark 3:13-19; etc.
• Laying on of Hands:
– Acts 6:6
– 1 Tim 4:14; 5:22
– 2 Tim 1:6
WHAT ARE THE THREE DEGREES
OF THE SACRAMENT OF ORDERS?
⚫ The ordained ministry is exercised
(CFC 2019)

in three different degrees:

- Bishops, on whom the fullness of the
priesthood is conferred;

- Priests, who serve the Church as

co- workers under the Bishop; and
- Deacons, who minister in various ways
in the service of the liturgy, the Gospel
and works of charity.
WHAT ARE THE TWO BASIC
RELATIONSHIPS OF THE PRIEST?

⚫ (CFC 2018) By his ordination in the

Sacrament of Holy Order, the priest is
specially related to, and functions in the
name of:
- Christ, Head, Shepherd and Spouse of the
Church, in whose name the priest labors;
- the whole Church in which the priest is a
constitutive element in his being and
action
⚫ (CFC 2021) As consecrated
to God in a new way by their
ordination, priests are bound
in a special way to strive for
the perfection indicative of
one called to represent Christ
before the faithful.