PWE3 Introduction

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Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Describe the basic concepts of PWE3
 Outline the typical PWE3 encapsulation format
 Outline the PWE3 application scenarios

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 Contents
1. PWE3 Overview

2. TDM to PWE3

3. ATM to PWE3

4. ETH to PWE3

5. PWE3 Application Scenarios

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 Contents
1. PWE3 Overview
1.1 Basic Concepts

1.2 Reference Model of PWE3

1.3 Reference Model of PWE3 Protocol Stack

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What Is PWE3?
 Pseudo-Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (PWE3)
 Concept of PW
 The Mechanism that bears the simulated services between PEs on the
PSN. CE

PE

PW1
PW3
PW2

AC
PE
PE

CE
CE

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Functions of PW
 Functions of PW
 Encapsulate the protocol data units (PDUs) specified by the service from the
logical or physical port on the PE side.
 Carry the encapsulated packets to the transmit tunnel.
 Set up PW at the tunnel end, including the exchanging and distribution of
PW IDs.
 Perform the traffic monitoring in the ingress direction and traffic shaping in
the egress direction.
 Manage signals, timing and sequence at the PW edge.
 Manage the status specified by the service and alarms.

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Why PWE3?
 Generic label, which provides a uniform multi-service network
data transport platform and reduces the operating cost
 Investment protection, which provides the backward and forward
compatibility of network services
 Private line emulation, which provides operators with network
services of great return.

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PWE3-Related Concepts
 L1/2 service: Ethernet, ATM and TDM
 PSN: MPLS and IP
 AC: Physical or logical CE-PE connection
 Tunnel: Carries one or multiple pseudo wires (PW)
 PWs are transparently transmitted in the core network
 PWs are created through signaling (LDP)

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PWE3-Related Concepts (Cont.)
 PW control plane: Create and remove PWs and monitor the status
 PW forwarding plane: Convert the L1/2 header information and
transmit PDUs in sequence
 MIB: Management Information Base, storage configuration
information.

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Reference Model of PWE3 Network
Emulated Service

Pseudo Wire

PSN Tunnel
AC AC
PE1 PE2

CE1 Tunnel CE2

Custom Provider Provider Custom

Edge 1 Edge 1 Edge 2 Edge 2

Native Native
Service Service

AC: Attachment Circuit

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Reference Model of PWE3 Protocol Stack

Emulated Emulated
Service Service
(TDM, ATM, Emulated Service (TDM, ATM, RTP
Ethernet, etc) Ethernet, etc) Flags Frag Len Sequence Number
PW Label

Payload Payload Outer Label or MPLS-in-IP encapsulation

Pseudo Wire
Encapsulation Encapsulation

PW PW RTP
Demultiplexer Demultiplexer Flags Frag Len Sequence Number
PSN Tunnel, PSN Tunnel PSN Tunnel, PW Label (L2TP/MPLS)
PSN & Physical PSN & Physical
IP
Layers Layers
MAC

PSN

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 Contents
1. PWE3 Overview

2. TDM to PWE3

3. ATM to PWE3

4. ETH to PWE3

5. PWE3 Application Scenarios

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Reference Model of TDM PWE3
PE1 PE2

Phy Dec Phy Phy Enc Phy

CE1 S1 S2 CE2

Phy Enc Phy Phy Dec Phy

 CE1 and CE2 terminate the TDM circuit

 PE1 and PE2 adapts the services to PWs
 S1 and S2 are core routers
 PHY is the physical interface that terminates the TDM circuit
 Enc is the PSN-bundling interface for PW, which has a jitter buffer
 Dec is the CE-bundling interface for PW, which has a jitter buffer

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 Reference Standards of TDM PWE3
 MEF
 MEF3
 Circuit Emulation Service Definitions, Framework and Requirements in Metro Ethernet Networks
 MEF8
 Implementation Agreement for the Emulation of PDH Circuits over Metro Ethernet Networks
 IETF
 RFC4197
 Requirements for Edge-to-Edge Emulation of Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) Circuits over Packet
Switching Networks
 RFC4553
 Structure-Agnostic Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet (SAToP)
 Structure-aware TDM Circuit Emulation Service over Packet Switched Network (CESoPSN)
 draft-ietf-pwe3-tdmoip-06: TDM over IP
 ITU-T
 G.8261

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SAToP
 Principle
 The SAToP mode does not detect any structure in the TDM circuit. It treats the TDM
circuit as a bit stream of a constant rate. One unit contains 8 bits. Cut a certain length
(reflected as loading time for the customer) from the TDM bit stream and then load it
to the emulation packet. The framing information and channel information are not
considered. Hence, the TDM service is transparently transmitted.
 Frame format
ETH header

payload
Byte m 4 bytes Tunnel Label CRC
Byte m+1 4 bytes PW Label

… 4 bytes Control Word PPP header

Byte m+nx32-1 Payload
payload

FCS

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CESoPSN
 Principle
 The CESoPSN mode detects the frame structure, framing mode, timeslot
information in the TDM circuit. The payload of the TDM frame is extracted
first and the timeslot of each channel is added into the packet payload
according to a certain sequence.
 Frame format
ETH header

payload

32 bytes #1 E1 Frame 4 bytes Tunnel Label CRC

32 bytes #2 E1 Frame 4 bytes PW Label

… 4 bytes Control Word PPP header

32 bytes #n E1 Frame Payload
payload
n = 1 – 24
FCS

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 Contents
1. PWE3 Overview

2. TDM to PWE3

3. ATM to PWE3

4. ETH to PWE3

5. PWE3 Application Scenarios

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Reference Standards of ATM PWE3
 IETF
 RFC4717: Encapsulation Methods for Transport of Asynchronous Transfer
Mode (ATM) over MPLS Networks
 RFC4816: Pseudo wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM) Transparent Cell Transport Service
 RFC4454: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) over Layer 2 Tunneling
Protocol Version 3 (L2TPv3)
 ITU-T
 Y.1411: ATM-MPLS network interworking – Cell mode user plane
interworking

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Encapsulation Format of ATM Service
0 1 2 3
PSN Transport Header

Pseudo Wire Header

ATM Control Word

ATM Service Payload

The types of encapsulation supported by the OptiX PTN product:

No. PW Type Indication

3 0x0003 ATM transparent cell transport (V1R2)
9 0x0009 ATM n-to-one VCC cell transport
10 0x000A ATM n-to-one VPC cell transport
12 0x000C ATM one-to-one VCC Cell Mode
13 0x000D ATM one-to-one VPC Cell Mode

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Encapsulation Format of ATM Service
(Cont.)
 PSN Transport Header
 It depends on the used tunnel technology and performs the packet switching
in the PSN network.

 Pseudo Wire Header

 It identifies the ATM service in a tunnel and it is the bottom of the label
stack in the MPLS.

 ATM Control Word

 It can be a length or sequence number and it is the control bit of the
transmitted service.

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N-to-One Cell ATM Mode
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
PSN Transport Header PWE3
Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3
0 0 0 0 Flags Res Length Sequence Number
VPI VCI PTI C

Payload (48 octets)

VPI VCI PTI C

Payload (48 octets)

 The encapsulation format of a single cell is required (fast encapsulation), the encapsulation
format of multiple cells is optional.
 The number of cells can be encapsulated is restrained by the management capability of
MTU and Egress PE (router).
 VPI/VCI: The value of Ingress PE can not be changed, but the value of Egress PE can be
changed into a new value.
 PTI/CLP: Retain the original cell value.

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N-to-One Cell ATM Mode Description
 One PW can carry one or more VPCs/VCCs. The format can be the single cell format, or
multiple cell encapsulation, which can enhance the bandwidth utilization.
 The multiple cell encapsulation can enhance the bandwidth utilization, but it causes
network delay variation. In addition, the number of cells to be encapsulated is determined
by the MTU and CTD and CDV requirements of the ATM connections multiplexed into the
PW. Hence, the network environment and service customization should be considered
together.
 The multiple VPCs/VCCs encapsulated in the PW may of different service types, which are
of different QoS requirements. Hence, the PSN packets should support the highest level of
the ATM service carried. To ensure the QoS of the PW, it is recommended that one PW
carry one VPC/VCC, or one PW carry the VPCs/VCCs of the same QoS requirement.

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One-to-One ATM Cell Mode
VCC VPC
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

PSN Transport Header in PWE3 PSN Transport Header in PWE3

Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3 Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3
0 0 0 0 Resvd Sequence Number M V RES PTI C 0 0 0 0 Resvd Sequence Number M V RES PTI C

VCI
Payload （ 48 octets ）
Payload （ 48 octets ）

M V RES PTI C

Payload （ 48 octets ） M V RES PTI C VCI

VCI

Payload （ 48 octets ）

 One PW can carry one VPC/VCC

 The format can be the single cell format or multiple cells encapsulation.

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One-to-One Cell ATM Mode Description
 The multiple cell encapsulation can enhance the bandwidth
utilization, but it causes network delay variation.
 The number of cells to be encapsulated is determined by the MTU
and CTD and CDV requirements of the ATM connections
multiplexed into the PW.

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 Contents
1. PWE3 Overview

2. TDM to PWE3

3. ATM to PWE3

4. ETH to PWE3

5. PWE3 Application Scenarios

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Reference Model of ETH PWE3 Network

Emulated Ethernet Emulated Ethernet

(including VLAN) (including VLAN)
Emulated Service
Service Service

Demultiplexer Pseudo Wire Demultiplexer

PSN PSN
PSN Tunnel
MPLS/IP MPLS/IP

Physical Physical

PSN

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ETH PWE3 Encapsulation Format
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

PSN Transport Header in PWE3

Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3
0000 Reserved Sequence Number

ETH Payload

 Control words, which are only sorted (1–65535).

 The equipment support the modes without control words or with control words.
 The control words can be set at the PEs on the two ends through signaling or
manual configuration.

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 Contents
1. PWE3 Overview

2. TDM to PWE3

3. ATM to PWE3

4. ETH to PWE3

5. PWE3 Application Scenarios

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 Multi-Service over PW: TDM Solution
Abis
Line Interface Network Interface Line Interface
TDM

PWE3
CESoPSN
Abis Abis Abis
SAToP
MPLS
TDM TDM TDM idle timeslot
MAC
E1 PWE3 PPP/
E1/ch
regenerated
ML-PPP
STM-1 --
GE
HDLC
1+1/1:1 APS
--
POS/E1

2G BTS
--
E1 -- STM-1

TS# 1-9
E1
E1
-- PSN
--
--
Idle TS suppression PoC3 PoC1 BSC
MSP
E1/POS/GE/ch
TS# 1-6
STM1
--
Idle TS suppression

TS# 1-8
Tunnel
--
Idle TS suppression

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 Multi-Service over PW: ATM/IMA
Solution
Line Interface Network Interface Line Interface
lub UP lub UP lub UP

AAL2 AAL2 AAL2 lub UP

ATM ATM ATM AAL2

IMA PWE3 PWE3 N:1 ATM PWE3 ATM

Encapsulation
E1 MPLS STM-1

---

E1 1+1/1:1 APS
3G Node B
E1 STM-1
E1
PSN
PoC3 PoC1 RNC
E1
E1
E1/POS/GE
E1
Tunnel
3G Node B
Legend
EF
AF3

BE

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 Multi-Service over PW: IP/Eth Traffic
Solution
Line Interface lub UP Network Interface Line Interface
lub UP 802.1Q lub UP

802.1Q Eth 802.1Q

lub UP
Eth PWE3 Eth
802.1Q
PWE3
Eth
MPLS N:1 Eth PWE3
Encapsulation
---

1+1/1:1 APS
3G Node B
GE/FE

GE
PSN
PoC3 PoC1 RNC

E1/POS/GE

Tunnel
Legend
EF
AF3

BE

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Offload Scenario 1 : ADSL Network Cased
on ATM Forwarding (LSP Tunnel)

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Offload Scenario 2 : ADSL Network Cased
on ATM Forwarding (IP Tunnel)

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Offload Scenario 3 : ADSL Network Cased
on MPLS Forwarding

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Offload Scenario 4 : ADSL Network Cased
on IP Forwarding (IP tunnel)

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Offload Scenario 5 : ADSL Network Cased
on IP Forwarding (GRE tunnel)

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 Summary
 PWE3 Overview
 TDM to PWE3
 ATM to PWE3
 ETH to PWE3
 PWE3 Application Scenarios
 TDM
 IMA
 Ethernet
 Offload

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Thank you
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