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Anpr

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38 views39 pages

Anpr

Uploaded by

Teena Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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6.14.

2
AUTOMATIC NUMBER PLATE
RECOGNITION SYSTEM
Automatic Number Plate
Recognition System(ANPR)
 ANPR is an image –processing technology which is
used to identify vehicles by their number plates using
Optical Character Recognition.

 This technology is used in various security and traffic


applications such as access-control system.
ANPR(contd…)

 Various names of this technology are:

 License Plate Recognition

 Car Registration System

 Intelligent Transport System


Access-control
While the vehicle approaches the gate ,the ANPR unit
automatically reads the license plate registration
number, compares to a predefined list and opens the
gate if there is a match.
ANPR : Car Parking Steps
We will see how ANPR can be used in a car
park for automatic entry and exit of cars.

Step 1

A sensor detects a vehicle and sends a signal to a


microprocessor to instruct a camera to capture an image
of the front of the vehicle (often an infrared camera is
used to give a clearer image and for use at night).
Step 2
1. An algorithm is used to locate and isolate the number plate from the
image taken by the camera. This algorithm also takes into account
the size of the number plate and any damage or orientation
——————-> 3ACD123

2. The brightness and constrast of the number plate is first adjusted


(this ensures that the characters can be clearly read). ————->
3ACD123
3. Each character on the number plate is then segmented.

4. Each character is then recognised using optical character


recognition (OCR) software. The characters are converted into a
string of editable text by the software.

5. This text string is then stored in a database.


Step 3

Once all this has happened, the car park barrier is


raised and the motorist is issued with a ticket. The
ticket shows the date and time of entering the car park
Step 4
When the motorist returns to the car park, they insert
their ticket into a machine which calculates the car
park charges. The payment is registered in the
database.
ANPR EQUIPMENT
 ANPR equipment incorporates all the hardware and
the software necessary to capture the images of the
vehicles and to recognize the number plates.

 ANPR system consists of:


 ANPR hardware
 ANPR software
ANPR HARDWARE
It comprises of:
 Camera system

 Computer

 Frame Grabber

 Trigger
Camera System
 The camera system takes a snapshot of the trespassing
vehicle.

 It uses an IR light spectrum and illuminator which


produces an illumination.

 The illumination used is Infra-Red(IR) because it is


invisible to the driver.
 Below we can see the picture of a car with headlamps
on; on the left there is a picture of a car taken by an
ordinary camera whereas on the right there is the same
car photographed using IR filter and IR illuminator.
Computer
 The computer is normally a PC running Windows.

 It runs the ANPR applications which


 Controls the system

 Reads the images

 Analyzes and identifies the plate and

 Interfaces with other applications and systems.


Frame Grabber
 Frame Grabber is an interface between the camera and
the PC
 It is a computer module that provides digitalization of
pictures in case analog camera is used.
 Most commonly used frame grabber is FXVD4
Trigger

Trigger is used by ANPR systems to know that vehicle


came to the control spot so that the camera can be
triggered.
ANPR SOFTWARE
 When a vehicle approaches the camera, the ANPR
software takes a series of snapshots and stores them in
a file.

 When the number plate is of sufficient size, it is


scanned, the registration number is converted into
ASCII code and held in a list.
ANPR SOFTWARE(contd…)
 This process continues for a series of images
depending upon the speed and the position of the
vehicle.

 Upon the completion of the process , an accurate


result is selected from the stored list.
WORKING
 The ANPR process is divided into three steps:
 Detection of vehicle

 Capture of images

 Process of recognition

 The next few slides show how a typical access-control


system works
Detection Of Vehicles
 The vehicle approaches the secured area and the
process starts when the vehicle steps over a magnetic
loop detector.
 The loop detector senses the car and it’s presence is
signaled to the ANPR unit.
Capture of Images
 The ANPR unit activates the illumination and takes
pictures of the front and rear plates using ANPR
camera.
 The images of the vehicle is read by the ANPR unit’s
image processing hardware or the frame grabber.
Process of Recognition
 The ANPR unit analyzes the image with different
image processing software.
 The ANPR unit checks if the vehicle appears on a
predefined list of authorized cars and if found it
signals to open the gate by activating it’s relay.
Process of Recognition(contd…)
 The authorized vehicle enters the secured area and
after passing the gate it’s detector closes the gate.
 The system waits for the next vehicle to approach the
secured area.
ANPR Unit
CONTROL SYSTEMS
Traffic Control
 Traffic control systems use ANPR units which provide
details about the movement and flow of vehicles
around the road network.

 These details can highlight the problem areas and help


to make incident management decisions.
Electronic Toll Collection

 ANPR can be used for electronic toll collection on


smart highways and roads. This process does not
require cars to stop at the toll booth but instead uses
Radio Frequency Identification to deduct toll charges.
Electronic Toll Collection(contd…)

 One smart road in operation is the E-Z pass in New


York. In this system a computer reads an electronic tag
mounted inside the car’s windshield and automatically
deducts the toll from a pre-established account.
ADVANTAGES

 ANPR systems make use of registration plates that all


cars already have, so there is no need to add
transmitters or special signs to vehicles which results
in saving towards the implementation of the system.
ADVANTAGES(contd…)

 The photograph of the car and the driver can be stored

and retrieved if there is a need for evidence in disputes

or crime situations.
APPLICATIONS
 The various applications are:
 Parking

 Access-control

 Tolling

 Border control
Parking
 The plate number is used to automatically enter pre-
paid members and calculate parking fee for non-
members (by comparing the exit and entry times).
Access-Control
A gate automatically opens for authorized members in a
secured area, thus replacing or assisting the security
guard. The events are logged on a database and could be
used to search the history of events.
Tolling
The car number is used to calculate the travel fee in a
toll-road, or used to double-check the ticket.
Border Control
 This installation covers the borders of the entire
Country.

 Each vehicle is registered into a central database and


linked to additional information such as the passport
data. This is used to track all border crossings.
Security Features On Registration Plates

 Electronic vehicle identification

 A potential to provide an accurate vehicle record

 Means for Personal identification to be checked in the


system
Security Features On Registration
Plates(contd…)

 Minimize evasion of Tax and Insurance.

 Unambiguously links a car with a person.


CONCLUSION
 There is an immediate need of such kind of Automatic
Number Plate Recognition system in India as there are
problems of traffic, stealing cars etc.

 Government should take some interest in developing


this system as this system is very economical and eco-
friendly, if applied effectively .
CONCLUSION(CONTD.)
 It is still not being used in our country but will be
prove to be effective.

 This change will help in the progress of the nation.


THANK YOU

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