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Non-Affixation New

morphology

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Ahmad Jailani
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42 views18 pages

Non-Affixation New

morphology

Uploaded by

Ahmad Jailani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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“English Morphological

Phenomenon:
Non-Affixation”
Group 5:
Ahmad Zaim Syuhada
Dewi Kurniati
M. Charlin Setiawan

Lecturer:
Mr. Ahmad Jailani, M.Pd.I
Affixation
Affixation is a morphological process whereby a bound
morpheme, an affix, is attached to a morphological base.
Affixation falls in the scope of Morphology where
bound morphemes are either roots or affixes. There are
three kinds of affix: Prefix, Suffix and Infixtion.
Non-Affixation

Certain word-formation processes do not involve affix


addition in order to form a new word with a new
meaning. Non-Affixation is derivation processes of new
word such as conversion, clipping, abbreviation, and so
on.
Types of Non-Affixation:
01 02 03

Conversion. Clipping Back-Formation

04 05 06

Abbrevation Acronym Blending


1. Conversion
Conversion is commonly defined as a morphological process
whereby a new word belonging to a different word class is formed,
without any formal change. conversion also called zero derivation
or null derivation, is a kind of word formation involving the
creation of a word (of a new word class) from an existing word (of a
different word class) without any change in form, which is to say,
derivation using only zero. Example: Bridge as a noun, to bridge as
a verb.
More Example

Hit (V) > Hit (N)


Hard (Adj) > Hard (Adv).
Yellow (Adj) > Yellow (V)
Bridge (N) > Bridge (V)
Empty (V) > Empty (Adj)
2. Clipping
Clipping implies the subtraction of one or more syllables
from a word. The subtraction may be at the word-initial,
word-final, both positions and medial positions. Clipping is
the processes whereby new words are formed by shortening
other words; i.e., by eliminating the initial part, the last part,
or both parts, of those words. Example: phone from
telephone; plane from airplane.
Types of Clipping

● Back Clipping: removing the end of the word


● Foreclipping: removing the beginning of a word
● Midclipping: retaining only the middle of the word
● Complex Clipping
More Example

Laboratory > Lab


Influenza > Flu
Telephone > Phone
Examination > Exam
Advertisement > Ad
Gymnasium > Gym
3. Back-Formation
Back-formation is the process by which new words are formed by
the deletion of a supposed affix from an already existing word.
Example:
Editor (N) > Edit (V)
Baby-sitter (N) > Baby-sit (V)
More Example

It is an example of historical reanalysis and not a


productive word formation process. For example, the
verbs peddle, edit, swindle, televise, donate,
have been created form the pre-existing nouns peddler,
editor, swindler, television, donation, respectively.
4. Abbrevation
An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any
method. It may consist of a group of letters, lower case letters do
count or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase, for
example, the word abbreviation can itself be represented by abbr.,
abbrv., or abbrev.
More Example
Prof. = Professor

St. = Saint

Mr. = Mister

Co. = Company

Ltd. = Limited
5. Acronym
An acronym is a word or name formed from the initial
components of a longer name or phrase, usually using
individual initial letters. Examples:
● NATO ( North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
● AKA (Also Known As)
● ASAP (As Soon As Possible)
● COD (Cash on Delivery)
● WWW (World Wide Web)
More Example

BTW = By The Way


TBH = To Be Honest
FYI = For Your Information
NGL = Not Gonna Lie
FYP = For Your Page
6. Blending
In blending, there is a merger of two words but their parts
are chopped off to arrive at new words. Examples:
Breakfast + Lunch = Brunch
Cybernetic + Organism = Cyborg
More Example

Podcast = IPod + Casting , Spork = Spoon + Fork

Emoticon = Emotion + Icon, Smog = Smoke + Fog

Eurasia = Europhe + Asia

Staycation = Stay + Vacation


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