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Trends-Lesson 5-Democratic Interventions (Autosaved)

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lui
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DEMOCRATIC

INTERVENTIONS
The word democracy comes from the Greek
word “demokratia”, which literally means “rule
by the people.”

Today, democracy is described as a system of


government in which eligible public officials are
chosen through an election.
Abraham Lincoln defined
the most common
meaning
of democracy as
“government of the
people, by the people,
and for the people.”

In other words, the


government comes from
the people, exercised by
the people, and for the
purpose of the people’s
interests an well-being.
John Locke’s
Justification of
Democracy
Democracy as a form
of society is best
defined as one “in”
which “sovereignty
resides in the people
and all government
authority emanates
from them”. (Article II,
Section I, The New
Philippine Constitution
of 1987)
John Locke’s Justification of Democracy

A democratic society is one that abides by the


rule of law. It means that although sovereignty
resides in the people it does not mean that the
people and their representatives can govern
arbitrarily.

Laws have to be enacted in order to guide the


actions of both the people and government
officials.
Components of a Democratic
Government:

1. Rule of Law
2. Basic Rights and Freedom
3. Elections
4. Division of Powers
1. Rule of Law-
The power of the
government is connected
to the laws that rule it. Its
citizens are equal in front
of the law; hence, the
rule of law must be
founded on the respect
of law and the
constitution.
2. Basic Rights and
Freedom-
Human rights are
indispensable and
essential components of
democracy.
Citizens draw up the
laws and principles
that will rule and publicly
control the
legislative power (to
propose and vote for
laws),
judiciary power (to
promulgate laws), and
executive power (to
enforce laws).
3. Elections-
is one of the pillars of
democracy. Citizens
have the right to vote or
abstain from several
candidates or political
parties.
4. Division of Powers-
The state is governed
and controlled by itself
and judiciously
distributes its powers
among its structures.
Three division of
democratic powers:,
- legislative power
adopts laws
- judiciary power
represents the legal
framework for executing
power.
- executive power
enforces government
laws and policies.
The two most popular types pf
democracy are:
- Representative democracy and
- Participatory democracy.
Representative
Democracy
It is a political system
where the qualified
citizens exercise their
political power through
representatives. The
sovereign power
remains on the citizens
but its exercise is
delegated to the
representatives they
elect.
Participatory
Democracy
it encourages a
more active and
wider involvement of
citizens. While
representative
democracy
motivates individual
citizens to contribute
to policy making,
and decision
making.
ICT-
Information
Communication
Technology
Information and
communication technology
(ICT)-
is considered as an important
part of the development of the
modern world. It started with
the invention of first modern
postal system, to the invention
of the telephone, and of
course the first computers.
ICT, refers to the diverse set
of technological tools such as
smartphone, computer, radio,
television, network hardware
and software, satellite
systems and the various
services and applications
related with them, such as
video conferencing and
distant learning and other
resources used to transmit,
store, create, share or
exchange information.
ICT is built in four
dimensions –
namely:
• computing,
• communications,
• content, and
• human capacity.
1. Computing
It is any activity that
uses computers to
manage, process, and
communicate
information.

It includes development
of both hardware and
software. Computing is
a critical, integral
component of modern
industrial technology.
2. Communication
Mobile devices are
extremely portable that it
can fit in your hand and
have become the primary
mode of internet access for
many users.

With this people are


allowed to communicate
instantaneously at a
distance no matter where
they are as long as there is
an existing network that
services the area.
3. Content
The relevance of ICT is tied
to its ability to be integrated
into the delivery of
traditional services like
education, business, and
employment.

Its meaningful usage is


carried out if applied to
specific development goals
like literacy, poverty
reduction, and sustainable
development.
4. Human Capacity
It is important to acquire all
the necessary skills and
knowledge related to ICT in
order to understand,
participate actively in, and
benefit fully from ICT.
Improving human capacity
means ICT in education
and training at all levels of
society including distance
learning.
Neural and
Social Networks
Our brain is composed of
nerve cells which we call
neurons. Its role is
basically to spread
messages from one nerve
cell to another.

These nerve cells are set


together in our brain to
form a network of nerves.
These nerves pass just like
electrical impulses i.e. the
excitation from one neuron
to the other.
The dendrites take the
impulse at the end
button called synapse
of the next neuron.
Dendrites are the one
who take the impulse to
the nucleus of the
neuron which is called
soma. At this point the
electrical impulse start
to move and passed on
to the axon.
The axon is longer
branch among the
dendrites which carries
the impulse from soma
to the synapse. The
synapse then, passes
the impulse to the
dendrites of the second
neuron. Hence bringing
about a complex
network of nerve cells
or neurons in the
human brain.
Three Main Parts of the Brain
a. Cerebrum- is the largest part of
the brain; has right & left
hemisphere. It is divided into 4
lobes namely:
• frontal lobe- responsible for
speaking, emotions & personality
• parietal lobe-responsible for
interpretation of language, words,
sense of touch, temperature &
others
• occipital lobe-interprets vision
• temporal lobe- responsible for
understanding language memory,
hearing, sequencing & organization.
b. Cerebellum- function to
coordinate muscle movements

c. Brain stem- is the relay center


connecting the cerebrum &
cerebellum.

It performs autonomic functions


such as breathing, heart rate,
temperature, wake and sleep
cycles, digestion, sneezing,
coughing, vomiting and
swallowing.
Relationship of Neural
Networks with Social
Networks

The brain function is like that


of the people in the society.

The society is made up of


various types of people with
various attitudes and
characters. They desire to
live happily & peacefully to
function well in the society in
which they live in.
Just like our human brain,
which regulate the whole
system of the body, each part
has its own function but one
part cannot function
effectively without the other,
that is why they need to
connect with each other to
give a person a perfect body
function.

We cannot live in pure


isolation; hence we always
stay connected.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Social
Networking

Most people nowadays use various types of social


media platform.
Do you think the use of social media makes your life
productive? or does it make your life complicated? or
even a waste of your time?

Here are some advantages & disadvantages of using


social networking?
Advantages Disadvantages

1. You can connect 1. Bullying on-line /


with the world. cyber bullying
2. You can make new 2. Strong public reaction
friends. or opinion on
3. You can advertise something.
products and sell 3. Susceptibility for
identity theft
4. Susceptibility for
invading person’s
privacy
SOCIAL NETWORK AND
YOURSELF

The relationship built between


oneself and social networking
sites have found a way into
seeking self-validation through
reactions from other people.

Take for example you upload


your picture in social media
that tends to show reactions
from people by liking or
disliking it and giving
undesirable comments.
Establishing connection
between oneself and
social network is not bad,
but one should set
limitations for what is real
from what is expected.
Use the social media
wisely and use those links
that can uplift your well-
being and go through life
normally.
Social Relationship

Interaction is communication. It is an exchange of


messages between two or more people. Talking to
people allows us to think on ways how to reply in the
best possible way.

When we interact we socialize. Our relationship and


interaction with other people will basically affect and
shape the process of how we think.

This is because our behaviors are influenced and


affected depending on whom we are interacting with.
Thus we can say that social relationship greatly affects
one’s thinking, behavior & interaction.
Social
relationship also
affects our
physical health in
the same way
smoking, high
blood pressure,
obesity, diabetes
and other common
diseases.
Studies show that
people with strong
social relationship
tends to increase its
survival rate regardless
of age, gender and
country of origin.
Hence social
interaction is
paramount but we also
have to be careful of
whom we are
interacting with.
Reference:
- Wired! Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking
Skills in the 21st Century, pages 87-91
- Trends,Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st
Century Department of Education Quarter 2 – Module
6: Information Communication Technology (ICT)
- Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st
Century Quarter 3 - Module 8: Neural and social
networks
- Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st
Century Quarter 3 - Module 7: Democratic
Interventions

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