Program Elective :4

Industrial Wastewater Management (CE-4172)

By

Dr. Y. M. Patil
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Email ID-yashawant.patil@ritindia.edu
 Final Year B. Tech. Civil Engineering – Sem. VII
CE 4172: Industrial Waste Management (Program Elective IV)

Teaching Scheme Evaluation Scheme

Theory (Marks %) Practical (Marks %)

L T P Credits Scheme Max Min for Passing Max Min for Passing

ISE 20 100 40

UT 1 15 -- --
40
3 - -- 3 40
UT 2 15

ESE 50 40 -- --
 Session Plan
Sr. Session Plan Teaching Strategy Timings
No
1 Background knowledge: Q/A from student 05 min
Importance of IWT

2 Introduction to Industry & need of waste Lecture- PPT 10 min

treatment
3 Industrial development & Industry 4.1 Lecture- PPT 15 min

4 Linear economy & circular economy Lecture- PPT 15 min

5 Difference between Industrial waste & Lecture- PPT 10 min

domestic waste
6 Question answer session on above : Question for students 5 min.
Slido
CAT:-Minute paper test
(What was most imp think you
learned and what imp question remain
unanswered )
Course Description:
 Industrial waste treatment is a highly interdisciplinary degree program that
emphasizes waste management & the environment, energy technology &
efficiency, and sustainability and society.
 The discipline seeks opportunities for alternative sourcing, conservation,
efficiency and repurposing through an understanding of product life cycles from
origins to recycling or inevitable disposal.
 Green technologists will design products, processes and complex infrastructure
systems to promote sustainable attributes of importance to the environment and
the global community.
Pre-requisites
 Basic knowledge of Environmental Science and Wastewater Engineering course
is essential.
 Course Outcomes:

After successfully completing the course, student will able to:

 Explain various techniques of wastewater volume and strength reduction.
 Compare domestic and industrial wastewater
 Analyze and explain characteristics of Industrial wastewater.
 Suggest different wastewater treatment option for industrial wastewater
 Suggest waste management techniques for Industrial wastewater
Unit 1:Introduction to IWT 06 Hours

Use of water in industry, sources of wastewater, quality and quantity variations in waste
discharge, water budgeting, characterization and monitoring of wastewater flow, stream
standards and effluent standards.

Unit 2: Waste volume and strength reduction 06 Hours

Waste volume and strength reduction, in-plant measure, good housekeeping, process
change, leakage prevention, segregation and recycling Neutralization, equalization and
proportioning of waste

Unit 3: Water Quality monitoring & Stream purification 06 Hours

Water Quality monitoring of Streams, Self-purification of streams, B.O.D. reaction rate,
D.O. sag curve and D.O. deficit calculations, Miscellaneous methods of dissolved solids
removal, sludge disposal methods
Unit 4:Development of Treatment system 06 Hours
Different types of waste treatment & their selections, Development of treatment flow
diagram based on characteristics of waste.

Unit 5: Manufacturing processes in major industries 06 Hours

Manufacturing processes in major industries, water requirements, wastewater sources,
composition of wastes, Viz. sugar, distillery, dairy, pulps, paper mill, fertilizer, Tannery,
chemical, steel industry, power plants, textile Treatment flow sheets, alternative methods
of treatment, factors affecting efficiency of treatment plant

Unit 6:Pollution Control & legislation 06 Hours

Water pollution control act, organizational set up of central and state boards for
water pollution control, classification of river on water use, minimal national standards,
socio-economic aspects of water pollution control
 Program Elective : IWM Laboratory Course (CE-4411)

Course Title :Industrial Wastewater Treatment Laboratory Course Code :CE 4421
No. of Lecture Hrs./Week : 02 Exam Hours : -
Total No. of Lecture Hrs. : 12 Exam Marks : 100

Course Outcomes:
After successful completion of the course students will be able to:
Analyze and explain characteristics of industrial wastewater.
Select appropriate treatment technology for industrial wastewater treatment.
Design Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) for industrial wastewater treatment.
 BATCH (C1)
Experiment Scheduled Conducted
Title
No. Date date
Determination of physical properties
01 Experiment No: 1:
of Industrial wastewater
Determination of Chemical properties
02 Experiment No: 2:
of Industrial wastewater
Determination of Biological properties
03 Experiment No: 3:
of Industrial wastewater
Prepare layout of Effluent Treatment
04 Experiment No: 4:
Plant (ETP) for Industrial wastewater
Design of Effluent Treatment Plant
05 Experiment No: 5:
(ETP) for Industrial wastewater
Industrial Visit Report: Prepare detail
Industrial visit Report (Sugar Factory,
06 Experiment No: 6:
Distillery, Paper mill, Textile mill,
Dairy, Tannery)
12 Experiment No: 7: Review and submission
Text Book:
 Rao M. N. & Datta A. K. (2018) “Wastewater Treatment” Oxford and IBH
publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 3th Edition.
 A. D. Patwardhan (2008) “Industrial Wastewater Treatment” Prentic Hall
India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 3rd Edition.
 B. C. Pumnia (2010) “Wastewater Treatment and Reuse” Lakshmi
Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi
Reference Books:
 Frank Woodard (2005) , “Industrial Waste Treatment Handbook” Elsevier
Publication 2nd Edition.
 Metcalf and Eddy (2010), “Wastewater Engineering: Treatment & Reuse”
Tata McGraw
Need of Industrial Waste Treatment

11
 The Chemical Industry of the Past, Present & Future

a)Past or Before 2000 b)The Chemical Industry Today c)The Chemical Industry
Tomorrow
“It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it is formed”

Chemical Process
 Industrial Revolutions
Industry means any business, trade, undertaking, manufactures, calling
employers and include any calling, service, employment, handicraft or
industrial occupation or avocation of workmen

14
Industrial Revolutions

15
 Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 is the digital transformation

of manufacturing/production and
related industries and value creation
processes. Industry 4.0 is used
interchangeably with the
fourth industrial revolution and
represents a new stage in the organization
and control of the industrial value chain.

16
Industry 4.0

17
Industry 4.0

18
Linear Economy

An economy based on 'take-make-dispose' is

called as linear economy. The approach
of linear economy involves the process of
collection of raw material for transformation
of them into finished goods and distribution
until the customer until they are accumulated
as waste.

19
Disadvantages of Linear Economy:
The ecological disadvantage of the linear economy is that the production of goods is
at the expense of the productivity of our ecosystems. Excessive pressure on these
ecosystems jeopardizes the provision of essential ecosystem services, such as water,
air and soil cleaning
In addition to the damage caused by the linear economy to the provision of
ecosystem services, this economic model also jeopardizes the supply of materials.
This uncertainty is caused by fluctuating raw material prices, scarce materials,
geopolitical dependence on different materials and increasing demand.

20
Circular Economy

A circular economy is a systemic

approach to economic development
designed to benefit businesses,
society, and the environment. In
contrast to the 'take-make-waste'
linear model, a circular economy is
regenerative by design and aims to
gradually decouple growth from the
consumption of finite resources.

21
Difference Between Linear & Circular Economy

22
 Industrial Wastewater
 Domestic sewage is wastewater discharged from sanitary conveniences in residential,
office, commercial, factories and various institutional properties. It is a complex mixture
containing primarily water (approximately 99%) together with organic and inorganic
constituents. These constituents or contaminants comprised suspended, colloidal and
dissolved materials. Domestic sewage, since it contains human wastes, also contains
large numbers of micro-organisms and some of these can be pathogenic.

 Waterborne bacterial diseases that can be present in sewage include cholera, typhoid and
tuberculosis. Viral diseases can include infectious hepatitis. Inorganic constituents
include chlorides and sulphates, various forms of nitrogen and phosphorous, as well as
carbonates and bicarbonates. Proteins and carbohydrates constitute about 90% of the
organic matter in domestic sewage. These arise from the excreta, urine, food wastes, and
wastewater from bathing, washing, and laundering, and because of the latter, soaps,
detergents, and other cleaning products can be found as well.
Types of Industrial Wastewater
 Industrial Wastewater
 Domestic Sewage has two flow patterns typically shows two peaks — in the morning
before the start of working hours and in the evening after the population has returned
from work.
 Typically these hydraulic peaks would also become more distinct as the sewage flows
considered come from smaller populations and consequently smaller sewer networks.
 Variations in sewage characteristics across a given community tend to be relatively small
although variation across communities can be more readily detected.
 Notwithstanding these variations, the composition of domestic sewage is such that it
lends itself well to biological treatment in terms of the availability of and balance
between carbonaceous components and nutrients.
 The biodegradability of sewage can be estimated by considering its Chemical Oxygen
Demand (COD) and the corresponding BOD5 (5 day BOD), and is indicated by its
COD:BOD5 and BOD5:N:P ratios. This would typically be about 1.5:1 and 25:4:1
respectively.
 Industrial Wastewater

 Industrial (including agro-industrial) wastewaters have very varied compositions depending

on the type of industry and materials processed. Some of these wastewaters can be organically
very strong, easily biodegradable, largely inorganic, or potentially inhibitory. This means TSS,
BOD5 and COD values may be in the tens of thousands mg/L.

 Because of these very high organic concentrations, industrial wastewaters may also be
severely nutrients deficient. Unlike sewage, pH values well beyond the range of 6–9 are also
frequently encountered. Such wastewaters may also be associated with high concentrations of
dissolved metal salts. The flow pattern of industrial wastewater streams can be very different
from that of domestic sewage since the former would be influenced by the nature of the
operations within a factory rather than the usual activities encountered in the domestic setting.
A significant factor influencing the flow pattern would be the shift nature of work at factories.
These shifts may be 8 h or 12 h shifts and there can be up to three shifts per day. These shifts
may mean that there can be more than the two peaks in flow seen in sewage and there may be
no flow for parts of the day
 Industrial Wastewater
 A consequence of this can be the possibility of zero flow on days when a factory is not
operating. In contrast to the narrower band of variation in the characteristics of domestic
sewage within a community, industrial wastewaters can have very different characteristics
even for wastewaters from a single type of industry but from different locations .
 The cause of these differences has much to do with the operating procedures adopted at
each site and the raw materials used therein.
 To further complicate matters, wastewater characteristics within a factory can also vary
with time because it may practice campaign manufacturing, or it may practice slug
discharges on top of its usual discharges.
Wastewater Treatment Process
 Questions
 Discuss difference between Domestic and industrial wastewater
 Explain importance of Industrial waste treatment in sustainable
development.