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23 views24 pages

Chapter22 - 22.1+22.2+22.3+22.4 2

physics ghfrtyhg

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saiedali2005
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ch22: Gauss’s Law

22.1 Charge & Electric Flux


22.2 Calculating Electric Flux
22.3 Gauss’s Law
22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

Textbook: University Physics, Global Edition, 15th Edition


Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education Ltd. All Rights Reserved

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2022 American University of Kuwait 1- 1


1.3
PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 2
22.1 Charge & Electric Flux
How can you measure the charge inside a box without
opening it?

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 3


22.1 Charge & Electric Flux
How can you measure the charge inside a box without
opening it?

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 4


22.1 Charge & Electric Flux
ZERO NET
FLUX

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 5


22.1 Charge & Electric Flux
Factors affecting the
electric FLUX

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 6


22.1 Charge & Electric Flux
Factors affecting the
electric FLUX
1. A net outward or inward electric flux through a closed surface depends on the
sign of the enclosed charge.

2. Charges outside the surface do not give a net electric flux through the surface.

3. The net electric flux is directly proportional to the net amount of charge
enclosed within the surface but is otherwise independent of the size of the
closed surface.

“Gauss’s Law”
PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 7
PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 8
22.2 Calculating Electric Flux
Flux of a Uniform (Constant) 𝚽 =⃗
𝑬 ⋅⃗
𝑨=𝑬𝑨 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽
Electric Field

𝜃= 0

𝜃
𝜃

𝚽 =𝑬𝑨
𝚽 =𝑬𝑨 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽

∘
𝜃= 90

Surface Normal vector

Unit of is:
𝚽 =𝟎
PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 9
22.2 Calculating Electric Flux

A disk of radius 0.10 m is oriented with its normal unit vector at to a


uniform electric field of magnitude N/C. (Since this isn’t a closed surface,
it has no “inside” or “outside.” That’s why we have to specify the direction
of in the figure.)
(a) What is the electric flux through
the disk?

(b) What is the flux through the disk if it is turned so that n is


perpendicular to ?

(c) What is the flux through the disk if it is turned so that n is


parallel to ?

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 10


22.2 Calculating Electric Flux

An imaginary cubical surface of side is in a region of uniform electric field


of magnitude N/C. Find the electric flux through each face of the
cube and the total flux through the cube.

(a) it is oriented with two of its faces


perpendicular to

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 11


22.2 Calculating Electric Flux

A point charge is surrounded by an imaginary sphere of radius centered on


the charge. Find the resulting electric flux through the sphere.

1 𝑞 1
𝐸= 𝑘=
4 𝜋 𝜀0 𝑟 2 4 𝜋 𝜀0

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 12


22.3 Gauss’s Law
General Form of Gauss’s Law

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 13


22.3 Gauss’s Law

Figure 22.15 shows the field produced by two point charges and (an
electric dipole). Find the electric flux through each of the closed
surfaces A, B, C, and D.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 14


22.3 Gauss’s Law

Five Gaussian surfaces , , , , and each enclose part of this plane. Rank
these five surfaces in order of the electric flux through them, from
most positive to most negative.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 15


PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 16
22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

We place a total positive charge q on a solid conducting sphere with radius


R. Find at any point inside or outside the sphere.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 17


22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

Electric charge is distributed uniformly along an infinitely long, thin wire.


The charge per unit length is (assumed positive). Find the electric field
by using Gauss’s law.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 18


22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

Use Gauss’s law to find the electric field caused by a thin, flat, infinite
sheet with a uniform positive surface charge density

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 19


22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

Positive electric charge Q is distributed uniformly throughout the volume of


an insulating sphere with radius R. Find the magnitude of the electric
field at a point P a distance r from the center of the sphere.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 20


22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

Positive electric charge Q is distributed uniformly throughout the volume of


an insulating sphere with radius R. Find the magnitude of the electric
field at a point P a distance r from the center of the sphere.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 21


22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

Positive electric charge Q is distributed uniformly throughout the volume of


an insulating sphere with radius R. Find the magnitude of the electric
field at a point P a distance r from the center of the sphere.

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 22


22.4 Applications of Gauss’s Law

A thin-walled, hollow sphere of radius 0.25 m has an unknown charge


distributed uniformly over its surface. At 0.3 m from the center of the
sphere, the electric field points radially inward and has magnitude N/C.
How much charge is on the sphere?

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 23


Practice Problems:
Section 22.2: 22.3, 22.4, 22.5, 22.5, 22.6

Section 22.3: 22.7, 22.8, 22.9, 22.10, 22.11 , 22.12

Section 22.4: 22.13, 22.14, 22.15, 22.16, 22.17, 22.18 , 22.19, 22.20, 22.21,
22.22, 22.23, 22.24

PHYS-116 By Dr. Ali Al-Zubi Copyright © 2021 American University of Kuwait 24

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