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Issues and Challenges.

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20 views18 pages

Issues and Challenges.

Uploaded by

tejendra nath
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CHALLENGES

AND ISSUES
Moderator : Dr. Shilpa Mehta
Presenter : Annie Mewara
Semester 3
CONTENT
●Introduction.
●Challenges and issues faced
by disabled.
●Psychiatric disability.
●The most vulnerable group.
●Vocational issues.
●Life style issues.
●References.
INTRODUCTION
● Disability is complex, dynamic and
multidimensional.
“It is the umbrella term for impairments,
activity limitations and participation
restrictions, referring to the negative
aspects of the interaction between an
individual (with a health condition) and
that individual’s contextual factors
(environmental and personal factors)”.
CHALLENGES AND ISSUES
Accessibility – FACED BY DISABLED
1. ‘The world around us is not a walk in the park.’ We have to face
several obstacles in every step we take.

2. This is much worse for physically disabled people. They mostly


move around in wheelchairs or use crutches. So, moving around
freely is not a luxury that they can afford.

3. Moreover, the public places that we have, are rarely made keeping in
mind the comfort of people with disabilities. There are no ramps, or
the hallways are too narrow for them to move.

4. Nowadays, many wheelchairs are automated, and buildings are


● 2. Education – education is a basic right for all humans. In a perfect
world, education would be free and available to everyone, as dreamed
by Gurudeva Rabindranath Tagore, but the reality is far from it. A large
number of children with disabilities remain out of school and thus they
are deprived of basic education. They are not able to run the race of
life like the other normal kids. To solve this issue, several education
institutions have been opened which focuses on the education of these
kids with special needs, they learn the Braille System and adaptive
technology helps them lead a better life.
● 3. Access to healthcare –

● In a country of 1.3 billion people, the health care system is already


very stretched. Poor people do not have access to proper healthcare
and the people with disabilities are worse off.

● Often, people with intellectual disabilities are mistreated by the


health workers and this makes matters worse. This can be only
solved by proper awareness and empathy.

● The disabled people find the speck of good in these situations and
help each other in whatever way possible.

● Thus, it is requested that everyone should make a donation to


ensure NGOs are able to cater to their healthcare needs in a much
● 4 Myths and stereotypes – Certain sections of the Indian
population have had financial development in the last
decades, there have been social upliftment and overall
progress but still there remains a dark orthodox nature in
our culture which seems to have stuck with us like a leech.
When we interact with people with disabilities, we fall
victim to certain myths that are born out of our lack of
knowledge and empathy towards such people.

● 5. Feeling of being ignored – When we interact with a


physically challenged person, it does not mean that, he is
also suffering from visual or hearing impairment. This
thought process often stops us from interacting and
● 6. Lack of employment – Employment of any citizen is
based upon his education and skills he has picked up
along the way. When these people are deprived of basic
education, they are bound to fall behind other candidates
for that job. The government has introduced schemes
which should guarantee jobs for disabled people.

● 7. Feeling of being incompetent – Disabled people


need more time to do a particular work than other normal
people. The disability barriers stop him from performing
basic tasks with ease. This makes the person with
disabilities that he is pulling his mates down and if filled
with sorrow and anger.
8. Teased and abused – Often people find satisfaction in putting
others down. They find superiority in bullying the weak and
underprivileged. Disabled people often find themselves at the
receiving end of such violent and disgusting actions.

9. Being patronized – People with special needs often hear


things like, “I know what you are going through” or “I know this
must be hard.” These kinds of words never do justice to the
problems those people face and the troubles they go through
every day. A normal person can't know exactly what that person
is feeling.

10. Relationships – Human beings are complicated. They judge


others on a set of parameters that may or may not apply to all
PSYCHIATRIC DISABILITY.
● Psychological issues of psychiatric disability – person having
psychiatric disability experiences wide range of symptoms that
affect psychological function.

● Medication usually does not cure the condition but rather control the
symptoms.

● Individual often have residual symptoms (incomplete remission from


depression) defects, and impairment as a result of their condition.
Many subjected to periodic relapses with reoccurrence of symptoms.

● Individual with psychiatric disability may be vulnerable to stress,


may lack the ability to withstand pressure.
THE MOST VULNERABLE
GROUP.
● Disability and children.
● 3% of children estimated to be mentally challenged (15 million are
below age of 15). 20% of disabled are urban and 80% are in rural
areas.
● Estimation – 1 child in every 10 is either born with or acquires a
physical, sensory or mental impairment in the first year of life.
● Non-inclusive society; which can be illustrated through a lack of
education for disabled children insufficient tools such as hearing aids
or special equipment to help overcome these barriers. Social and
cultural barriers must be removed what is known as “attitudinal
accessibility”, eliminating prejudice, discrimination and stigma.
● Legal or normative barriers, too, must be overcome for what is termed
“programmatic accessibility”, affording careful attention to rules or
● Lack of participation in public forums consequently results into disabled children
being invisible. For instance the Millennium Development Goals are not for the
most part disability inclusive. As a result, people with disabilities, who constitute
15% of the global population and are commonly amongst the poorest of the
poor, have not fully benefited from many development and humanitarian
response programmer.

• Sexual and reproductive health for girls with disabilities are far from being
fulfilled; this linked with the lack of access to health services and health
information.

• Children with disabilities are almost four times more likely to experience violence
than non-disabled children. Stigma and prejudice related to disability as well as
barriers in the environment make it much more difficult for children with
disabilities to go to school to access healthcare or to participate in the
community. (World Health Organization, ‘Violence against adults and children
with disabilities’, 2012)
● Women and disability-
● Disabled women is the most vulnerable in the society.
Vulnerability exists across caste and class, a disabled boy is
more acceptable than a disabled girls.
● In India disabled women consisted around 41% of the total
disabled population. They are also marginalized in the terms
of their social, economic, political and health status.
● Education is one of the most fundamental problems disabled
girls.
● Problems with regard to access to schools, enrolment in
schools and availing the opportunities foe vocation training.
● Locals of the education deprives the disabled child from
access to information, opportunities for social and political
participation, skill development and economic empowerment.
● Disabled women have limited scope to get employment
because of the multiple problems like stigma and
discrimination, physical access lack of technical expertise.
● Though overall employment scenario for disabled persons as
bad it is more unfair in case of disabled women.
● Stigma and discrimination attached to disability departs
these women from employing for their social and cultural
rights.
● Marriages for disabled person are a different proposition
particularly for disabled women.
● According to census 200, 43% disabled have never married.
● Disabled women who are single mostly live alone and are
exposed to exploitation of various kinds. Same is the
condition of disabled women living in institutions. They are
● Women with different type of disability face different types of
health problems.
● They face problems in 2 accounts –
I. Identifying the health problem.
II. Access to health care.
● As per NSSO 202 – about 41% of rural elderly and about 37%
of urban elderly suffer from one or other disabilities.
● The sexual and reproductive health of disability is an area in
which is majorly ignored.
● Have little access to reproductive and sexual health and
maternal health services.
● The disabled persons are considered non-sexual.
● Mainstream sexual and reproductive health problems have no
special component for the disabled.
VOCATIONAL ISSUES
● The ability to work depends on the type of disability, the type
work in which they are involved and the attitude of those within
the work setting.

● Work is important to increase self esteem for these with a number


of disabilities can be strong therapeutic tool for these with
psychiatric disability.

● Some medications used in treatment may produce side effects


such as drowsiness or sedation that could adversely affect work
performance.
LIFE STYLE ISSUES.
● The degree to which physical disability affects individual life style
depends to a great extent on nature and condition.

● Some physical disabilities are so severely impair individual’s


ability to carry on the activities by daily living.

● In some disability individuals are able to carry on these activities-


but in an altered manner.

● At times treatment is self, requires life style changes.

● Some medications used in the treatment of physical disabilities


REFERENCES.
●www.disability .com
●Notes

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