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10 views10 pages

PBL 1

Uploaded by

mahiraasif75
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Forces on Circular

Motion
• Objects moving in a circular path experience forces that keep
them in that motion.
• These forces can be understood as centripetal and
centrifugal force.
What is Centripetal Force?

Definition Purpose FORMULA


𝑚𝑣 2
𝑓𝑐 =
Centripetal force is the force that Centripetal force is necessary to 𝑟

acts on an object moving in a maintain circular motion, as it


circular path, directing it towards force the object to move in a
the center of the circle. straight line.

UNIT
Newton
Practical Examples of Centripetal Force

Satellite Orbiting Planets Motion of Swings Swinging a Ball


A satellite orbiting a planet The tension in the ropes or When you swing a ball attached to a
experiences Earth's gravity pulling it chainsand gravity on a swing string, the tension in the string
towards the center, preventing it provides the centripetal force that provides the centripetal force. This
from escaping into space. This force keeps the rider moving in a circular inward pull keeps the ball moving in
is a great example of centripetal path. As the rider swings, the a circle rather than flying off in a
force. tension or gravity pulls them straight line.
inwards, preventing them from
flying off in a straight line.
Factors Affecting Centripetal Force

Mass Radius
The greater the mass of the object, the more A larger radius of the circular path requires less
centripetal force is required to keep it in circular centripetal force to keep the object in motion.
motion.

1 2 3

Velocity
Increasing the velocity of the object increases the
centripetal force needed to maintain circular motion.
Centripetal Acceleration

1 Definition 2 FORMULA 3 CAUSE


The acceleration of an object ​ Even if the object’s speed is
moving in a circular path, constant, its velocity is
directed toward the center of changing direction, which
the circle. results in acceleration.
Centrifugal Force
Definition Misconception Relationship
Centrifugal force is an apparent Centrifugal force is often Centrifugal force is equal in
force that acts on an object in misunderstood as a real force, magnitude but opposite in
circular motion, pushing it but it’s a result of inertia and direction to the real centripetal
outward from the center of the only observed in a rotating force acting on the object.
circle. frame.

FORMULA
It has the formula same as centripetal force.
Experiments

WATER IN BUCKET
Centripetal force keeps the water in the SPINNING TENISS BALL IN GLASS
bucket as the bucket moves in a circle. SPINNING A COIN The sock’s fabric provides the centripetal
Gravity acts downward, but the centripetal force, pulling the ball inward and keeping
force from the circular motion keeps the As the coin slows down, the inward
it in motion.
water from falling out. (centripetal) force decreases, and the
coin’s inertia makes it move outward,
appearing to be pushed by a centrifugal
force.
Conclusion
• Centripetal force and centripetal acceleration keep objects in circular motion.
• These concepts apply to daily life and technological systems like vehicles and satellite.
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