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1.2 Development of Algorithm

Algorithm concepts

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Rajeshkumar M AJKCAS
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16 views13 pages

1.2 Development of Algorithm

Algorithm concepts

Uploaded by

Rajeshkumar M AJKCAS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AN ILLUSTRATIVE

COMPUTER
ALGORITHM
TO DETERMINE THE BLOOD GROUPS OF
HUMAN BY A, B, O BLOOD GROUP
SYSTEM.
 PROCEDURE:-
 1. Take a clean slide and mark the point A, B, and D.
 2. Sterilize the finger with alcohol with a bold prick with
the help of sterilize needle.
 3. Put one drop of blood on each and mark the position
on slide.
 4. Put a drop of antiserum A on mark A, antiserum B on
mark B and antiserum D on mark D (Rh-factor).
 5. Thoroughly mix the drop of blood with the antiserum
by using tooth pick. Allow 2-5minites for the
agglutination to take place.
 6. Observe the slide for agglutination with naked eye and
then under microscope
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM

 Identify the Problem


 Design a Solution
 Write the Program
 Check the Solution

 Step 1: Identify the problem. When students are new to CP,


we typically start teaching them how to program and code
using tutorials. ...
 Step 2: Find a solution. To find or plan the solution to the
problem identified in Step 1, students can either create a
flowchart.
 Step 3: Code it.
 Step 4: Test it.
DEVELOPING OF THE ALGORITHM
 An Algorithm Development Process
 Step 1: Obtain a description of the problem. This step

is much more difficult than it appears. ...


 Step 2: Analyze the problem. ...

 Step 3: Develop a high-level algorithm. ...

 Step 4: Refine the algorithm by adding more detail. ...

 Step 5: Review the algorithm.


ALGORITHM HAS THE FOLLOWING
CHARACTERISTICS
•Input: An algorithm may or may not require input.
•Output: Each algorithm is expected to produce at least
one result.
•Definiteness: Each instruction must be clear and
unambiguous.
•Finiteness: If the instructions of an algorithm are
executed, the algorithm should terminate after finite
number of steps.
ADVANTAGES OF ALGORITHM
 It is a step-wise representation of a solution to a given
problem, which makes it easy to understand.
 An algorithm uses a definite procedure.

 It is not dependent on any programming language, so

it is easy to understand for anyone even without


programming knowledge.
 Every step in an algorithm has its own logical

sequence so it is easy to debug.


THE ALGORITHM AND FLOWCHART INCLUDE
FOLLOWING THREE TYPES OF CONTROL
STRUCTURES.
 1. Sequence: In the sequence structure, statements
are placed one after the other and the execution takes
place starting from up to down.
 2. Branching (Selection): In branch control, there is

a condition and according to a condition, a decision of


either TRUE or FALSE is achieved. In the case of
TRUE, one of the two branches is explored; but in the
case of FALSE condition, the other alternative is
taken. Generally, the ‘IF-THEN’ is used to represent
branch control.
 3. Loop (Repetition): The Loop or Repetition allows

a statement(s) to be executed repeatedly based on


certain loop condition e.g. WHILE, FOR loops.
PSEUDOCODE & ALGORITHM
Pseudocode:
 Input a set of 4 marks

 Calculate their average by summing and dividing by 4.

 If a.verage is below 50 Print “FAIL” else Print “PASS


FLOW CHART
 A flowchart is a blueprint that pictorially represents
the algorithm and its steps.
 The steps of a flowchart do not have a specific size

and shape rather it is designed in different shapes


and sizes (see the image given below).

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