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Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes: Ranjib Biswas Mechanical Engineering Department Jadavpur University

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39 views10 pages

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes: Ranjib Biswas Mechanical Engineering Department Jadavpur University

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arindamm.mech.bme24
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Electric Overhead

Travelling (EOT) Cranes

Ranjib Biswas
Mechanical Engineering Department
Jadavpur University
Overhead Travelling Cranes or
Bridge Cranes
Definition & descriptive specifications
These cranes essentially consists of one or more hoisting devices mounted on a bridge
consisting of one or two horizontal girders, which are supported at each end by trucks
riding on elevated runways installed at right angles to the bridge. Runways are installed on
building columns, overhead trusses or frames, much above floor level. The hoisting device
moves along the bridge while the bridge moves along the runway.
Depending on the lifting capacity of these cranes, the hoisting device
may be a hand operated trolley type hoist, an electric hoist or a drum-
type crane trolley or crab. Crane trolley is an independent machine
consisting of the drum-type hoisting equipment built on a framework,
which is fitted with runner wheels, and driven by a motor through
gearings. The hoisting motion is also motorised. The long travel of a
bridge may also be manual through chain operation or motorised.
Control of all the movements (hoisting, cross travel of hoisting devices
and long travel of the bridge) of an electric overhead travelling
(abbreviated as EOT) crane can be through pendant from floor, or may Fig. Crane trolley
be remote operated through radio or other devices.
Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 2
Overhead Travelling Cranes or
Bridge
Advantages: Cranes (contd.)
The major advantage of overhead travelling bridge crane is that it does not interfere with work on floor. It
can move materials over the working zone. Other characteristics are:
(i) It can reach the entire rectangular area bounded by the bridge length and runway length.
(ii) Runways can extend beyond the building, supported by columns erected suitably.
(iii) Capacities may vary from small value (1 ton) to up to 1000 tons.
(iv) Bridge cranes are designed and built as per requirement by specialist companies.
(v) Requires heavy frame work and are expensive.
(vi) Requires trained operators.
Use:
This type of crane suitable for medium and heavy workshop and warehouses.
No engineering erection shop, machine shop, foundry, heavy stores is complete without an E.O.T. crane.
In a steel plant, rolling mill, thermal or hydroelectric power plant, nuclear power plant, this type of crane
is considered indispensable.
In short, in all industries, wherein heavy loads are to be handled. E.O.T. crane finds its application.
Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 3
Overhead Travelling Cranes or Bridge
Cranes (contd.)
ESSENTIAL PARTS
A E.O.T. crane consists of two distinct parts, viz., (i) the bridge. (ii) the crab.

1. Bridge– 2 No’s
2. End carriage– 2 No’s
3. Wheel of the bridge– At least 4 No’s
4. Crab (without auxiliary hoist)– 1 No’s
5. Hoisting machinery set– 1 No’s
6. Wheels of crab– At least 4 No’s
7. Bottom Block (without auxiliary hoist)– 1 No’s
8. Lifting hook– 1 No’s
9. Rail on the gantry girder for crane movement– 2 No’s
10. Rail on the bridge for crab movement– 2 No’s
11. Operators cabin– 1 No’s
Fig. Essential parts of EOT crane

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 4


Overhead Travelling Cranes or Bridge
Cranes (contd.)

Fig. EOT crane parts

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 5


Types of bridge crane
Bridge cranes are classified according to the load capacity as follows:
(a) Light duty—up to 5 tons. May be hand propelled.
(b) Medium duty—5 to 20 tons, used in factories and warehouses.
(c) Heavy duty—20 to 50 tons, used in foundries, heavy shops.
(d) Extra heavy duty—over 50 tons, used in steel plants, docks etc.
Design wise the traveling bridge crane may be classified as.
(a) Top running or (b) Bottom running (under slung).
Major specifications of a bridge crane are:
(i) Lifting capacity, (ii) Span of the crane, (iii) Hook lift, (iv) Hoisting
speed, (v) Hoist travel speed and (vi) Long travel speed of bridge.

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 6


IMPORTANT DESIGN PARAMETERS
The designer has to depend on some initial data to start with. These data serve as the
important parameters in the design of crane. These are summarised as follows:
1. Maximum Load: The maximum load in tons is the customer's requirement and must
be specified clearly. Design of almost all the components of the crane are influenced
by this parameter.
2. Span of the Crane: The distance between the centre to centre of the gantry rails over
which the wheels of the bridge run. The section of the gantry rails should also be
specified for the design of the wheels of the bridge.
3. Height from Floor to Gantry Rail Level: To arrange for the correct height of lift this
parameter should be specified. If the crane is required to lift out of pits or from below
the floor level, particulars should be specified.
4. Class of Work of the Crane: For the purpose of design of their frames, every crane and
hoist is classified with respect to the frequency of application, variation of magnitude
of the load and the effect of impact.

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 7


IMPORTANT DESIGN PARAMETERS
(contd.)
Table: Class of cranes

Working Period Effective Load Dynamic Efficiency


Class No.
Short Long Low High Low High
1 X -- X -- X --
2 -- X X -- X --
2 X -- -- X X --
2 X -- X -- -- X
3 -- X -- X X --
3 -- X X -- -- X
3 X -- -- X -- X
4 -- X -- X -- X

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 8


IMPORTANT DESIGN PARAMETERS
(contd.)
5. Headroom: The clear height available from the gantry rail level to the lowest overhead
obstruction is called the head room. This should be specified by the customer. The
height of the hoisting machinery over the crab should not foul with the structural
obstruction.
6. End Clearance: The distance from the centre of gantry rail horizontally to the nearest
obstruction on either side is called the end clearance.
7. Operating Speeds Under Loaded Condition: The operating speeds in m/min for the
main hoist, auxiliary hoist, cross traverse and long travel should usually be specified by
the customer. When there are no special requirements, the speeds will follow the usual
standard practice for the size of crane under consideration.

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur University 9


THANK YOU

Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) Cranes, R. Biswas, Jadavpur 10


University

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