MICRO-PROJECT REPORT ON

Interface 8 LED with Microcontroller write an ALP to ON and OFF

8 LEDs after some delay

In Partial Fulfillment of Diploma in Electronics And Telecommunication

Engineering

(Fourth Semester)
In the subject of Microcontroller And Its Application (EC3410)

Submitted
By
22EC501
1. Yadnyesh Kuware 22EC512
2. Jasbir Monga 22EC514
3. Yuvraj Munge 22EC515
4. Kunal Murade 22EC521
5. Prathamesh Pansari 22EC522
6. Kartik Patekar
Under The Guidance Of
Prof. V. V. Tekam
Mam
Lecturer in Electronics
and Telecomm.
Engineering

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, AMRAVATI.

(An Autonomous Institute Of Govt. Of Maharashtra)

Department Of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering,

Acedamic Year 2023-24
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, AMRAVATI.
(An Autonomous Institute Of Govt. Of Maharashtra)
Department Of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering

Certificat
Mr./Ms.
Yadnyesh Kuware
e
This is to certify that
22EC501
Jasbir Monga 22EC512
Yuvraj Munge 22EC514
Kunal Murade 22EC515
Prathamesh Pansari 22EC521
Kartik Patekar 22EC522
Diploma in Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
has satisfactorily completed the micro project in the subject
of Microcontroller And Its Application (EC3410) entitled
"Interface 8 LED with Microcontroller write an ALP to ON
and OFF 8 LEDs after some delay” for the academic year
2023-24 as prescribed in curriculum.

Place: Prof. V. V. Tekam

Amravati Lecturer in Electronics
Date:

Department Of Electronics And Telecommunication

Engineering, Acedamic Year 2023-2024
 INDEX

Sr.No. Chapter Name Subtopics Page No.

1. Introduction 1.1 Microproject introduction 1

1. Microcontroller
(Pin Diagram of 89s51)
2. Crystal Oscillator
Components 3. Capacitor
2. Required 4. Resistor
5. Voltage Regulator IC7805
6. Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
7.Connecting Wires or
Connectors 2

1. Interfacing Diagram
Diagram and
2. Algorithm
3. Coding
3. Flow Chart
4. Program Code 5
4.1 Snap Shots
Result and 4.2Actual circuit
4. (photo)
Conclusion
4.3 Applications 10
4.4Conclusion
1. Reference Books
5. References
2. Websites 13
 Chapter 1. Introduction

1.1 Microproject introduction

1
 2. Components Required

2.1 Microcontroller & Pin diagram of 89s51

Microcontroller IC – AT89s51
The 8051 is an 8-bit microcontroller with 8 bit data bus and 16 bit
address bus. The 16 bit address bus can address a 64K( 216) byte
code memory space and a separate 64K byte of data memory
space

Fig.2.1 Pin diagram of AT89s51

2
2.2 Crystal Oscillator (16 MHz)
A crystal oscillator is an electric oscillator type circuit that uses a
piezoelectric resonator, a crystal, as its frequency-determining
element.

2.3 Capacitor (10µF, 33pF)

A capacitor is a two-terminal electric component. It has the
ability or capacity to store energy in the form of electric charge.

4. Resistor
A passive electrical component with two terminals that are used
for either limiting or regulating the flow of electric current in
electrical circuits.

5. Voltage Regulator IC7805

IC voltage regulators are three-terminal devices that provide a
constant DC output voltage that is independent of the input
voltage, output load current, and temperature.

3
2.6 Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
A printed circuit board (PCB) is an electronic assembly that uses
copper conductors to create electrical connections between
components. PCBs also provide mechanical support for
electronic components so that a device can be mounted in an
enclosure.

2.7 Connecting Wires or Connectors

Connectors are parts or devices used for electrically connecting
or disconnecting circuits etc. They can connect and disconnect by
hands or with simple tools without requiring special tools or
processes such as soldering.

4
 3. Diagram and Coding

3.1 Interfacing Diagram

To build a circuit we will need to connect components as per the
circuit diagram

5
2. Algorithm

Initialize P2 to 00H Enter an infinite loop

(MAIN)

a. Set A to 0FFH
b. Move the value of A to P2
c. Call the DELAY subroutine
d. Set A to 00H
e. Move the value of A to P2
f. Call the DELAY subroutine
g. Jump back to step 2a

Define the DELAY subroutine

a. Set R5 to 0FFH
b. Set R3 to 0AAH
c. Start an outer loop (L1)
i. Decrement R5
ii. If R5 is not zero, jump back to step 3c
d. Start an inner loop (L2)
i. Decrement R3
ii. If R3 is not zero, jump back to step 3d
iii. If R3 is zero, jump to step 3e
e. Exit the subroutine

6
3.3 Flow Chart

Start

ORG 0000H MOV

P2, #00H (INIT)

MAIN

MOV A, #0FFH
MOV P2, A (Turn
ON)

ACALL DELAY

MOV A, #0FFH
MOV P2, A (Turn ON)

ACALL DELAY

SJMP MAIN

DELAY

7
 MOV R5, #0FFH
MOV R3,
#0AAH

L1:
DJNZ R5, L1 (INNER)

DJNZ R3, L2 (OUTER)

RET

STOP

8
3.4 Program Code

ORG 0000H
MOV P2,#00H
MAIN: MOV A,#0FFH
MOV P2,A
ACALL
DELAY MOV
A,#00H MOV
P2, A ACALL
DELAY SJMP
MAIN
DELAY: MOV R5,#0FFH
MOV
R3,#0AAH L1: DJNZ
R5, L1
RET
DJNZ
R3 ,L2 END

9
 4. Result and Conclusion

4.1 Snap Shots

Result on uVision Keil Software

10
4.4 Actual circuit
8 LED OFF

8 LEDS ON

14
2. Applications
Microcontrollers are used in a wide variety of applications,
including controlling machines, sensing and monitoring devices,
and automated systems. Some common examples of
microcontroller applications include:
• Industrial automation: Microcontrollers are commonly used to
control industrial machines, such as robotic arms, conveyor belts,
and other manufacturing equipment.
• Automotive: Microcontrollers are used in automobiles to
control a variety of systems, including the engine, transmission,
and brakes.
• Home appliances: Many household appliances, such as
washing machines, refrigerators, and microwave ovens, contain
microcontrollers to control their various functions.
• Consumer electronics: Microcontrollers are used in a wide
range of consumer electronics, including smartphones, tablets,
and other portable devices.
• Medical devices: Microcontrollers are used in a variety of
medical devices, such as heart rate monitors, blood pressure
monitors, and insulin pumps.
• Military systems: Microcontrollers are used in military
systems, such as missiles, aircraft, and other defense systems.
• Environmental monitoring: Microcontrollers are used in
sensors and other devices that monitor environmental conditions,
such as temperature, humidity, and air quality.
• Robotics: Microcontrollers are used in robots to control their
movements and perform various tasks.
• Internet of Things (IoT): Microcontrollers are used in IoT
devices to collect and transmit data, and to control various
functions.

11
4.3 Conclusion
To conclude, interfacing 8 LEDs with a microcontroller
involves utilizing digital output pins to control the LEDs' states,
coupled with appropriate delay functions to manage the timing
of LED switching.

This assembly language program initializes the data direction

register for the LED port as an output, then enters a loop where
it alternates between turning on and off all eight LEDs with a
specified delay. The delay is achieved through a separate delay
function using a loop counter. Adjust the DELAY_COUNT
constant to control the duration of the delay according to your
requirements.

Make sure to replace LED_PORT with the appropriate address

of the microcontroller's GPIO port connected to the LEDs.
Additionally, verify the correctness of the syntax and register
usage according to the specific microcontroller architecture and
assembly language syntax you're working with.

12
 5. References

5.1 Reference Book

1. 8051 Microcontroller Architecture

Programming and Application Author -Deshmukh Ajay

2. Microcontroller Principle and Application Author -

Krishna Kant

5.2 Website

1. https://www.microchip.com/en-
us/products/microcontrollers-and-microprocessors
2. https://microcontroller.com/

13