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Statistical Methods

Research Module

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16 views27 pages

Statistical Methods

Research Module

Uploaded by

gd8905817
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STATISTICAL

METHODS
*Term that pertains to
your acts of collecting
and analyzing
numerical data

*statistics
ways of gathering,
analyzing, and
interpreting variable or
fluctuating numerical
data
*Statistical
methods
1. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Describes a certain
aspect of a data set by
making you calculate
the mean, median,
mode and standard
deviation
STATISTICAL
1. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
Tells about the placement or
position of one data item in
relation to the other data, the
extent of the distribution or
spreading out of data, whether
there are correlations or
regressions between or among
variables.
STATISTICAL
2. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

focus on the
characteristics of the
sample that are also true
for the population from
where you have drawn the
sample

STATISTICAL
2. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

Branch of statistics that


focuses on conclusions,
generalizations,
predictions,
interpretations,
hypotheses, and the like.

STATISTICAL
1. analysis of
UNIVARIATE one
ANALYSIS variable

TYPES OF STATISTICAL DATA


ANALYSIS
2. BIVARIATE analysis of
ANALYSIS TWO variables
(independent
and
dependent
variable)

TYPES OF STATISTICAL DATA


ANALYSIS
3. analysis of
MULTIVARIATE MULTIPLE
ANALYSIS relations
between
multiple
variables

TYPES OF STATISTICAL DATA


ANALYSIS
1. Correlation or Covariation
( correlated variation)
- describes the relationship
between two variables and also
tests the strength or significance of
their linear relation.

STATISTICAL METHODS OF
BIVARIATE ANALYSIS
1. Correlation or Covariation
( correlated variation)
- this is a relationship that makes
both variables getting the same
high score or on getting higher
score and the other one, lower
score

STATISTICAL METHODS OF
BIVARIATE ANALYSIS
1. Correlation or Covariation
( correlated variation)
covariance – statistical term to
measure the extent of the change
in the relationship of two variables

STATISTICAL METHODS OF
BIVARIATE ANALYSIS
2. Cross Tabulation
- Also called crosstab or students-
contingency table that follows the format
of matrix. Displays the frequency and
percentage distribution of data and
explains the reason behind the
relationship of two variables and the
effect of one variable on the other
variable.

STATISTICAL METHODS OF
BIVARIATE ANALYSIS
Bivaria
te
table
1.Correlation Coefficient
- Measure of the strength and
direction of the linear relationship
between variables, gives the extent
of dependence between two
variables, meaning the effect of
one variable on the other variable.

Measure of Correlation
1. Spearman’s rho (Spearman’s
r or r)
- Test to measure the
dependence of the dependent
variable on the independent
variable

Statistical test for


correlation coefficient
2. Pearson product-moment
correlation ( Pearson’s r, r or R)
- Measures the strength and
direction of the linear
relationship of two variables
and of the association between
interval and ordinal variables

Statistical test for


correlation coefficient
3. Chi-square
-Statistical test for bivariate
analysis of nominal variables.
-Test whether or not a
relationship exists between or
among variables and tells the
probability that the relationship
is caused by chance.
Statistical test for
correlation coefficient
4. t-test
- Evaluates the probability that
the mean of the sample reflects
the mean of the population from
where the sample was drawn. It
also test the difference between
two means: the sample mean
and the population mean.
Statistical test for
correlation coefficient
4. t-test
- ANNOVA or analysis of
variance also uses t-test to
determine the variance or
difference between the
predicted number of the sample
and the actual measurement.

Statistical test for


correlation coefficient
a. One-way analysis of variance
-Study the effects of the
independent variable

Statistical test for


correlation coefficient
b. ANCOVA ( Analysis of
Covariation)
- Study of two or more
dependent variables that are
correlated with one another

Statistical test for


correlation coefficient
c. MANCOVA ( Multiple Analysis
of Covariation)
- Multiple analysis of one or
more independent variables
and one dependent variable to
see if the independent variables
affect one another.

Statistical test for


correlation coefficient
2. REGRESSION
-Determines the existence of
variable relationships by
a. Determining which between
independent and dependent
variable can signal the
presence of another variable

Measure of Correlation
2. REGRESSION
b. How strong the relationship
between the two variables
c. When an independent
variable is statistically
significant as a predictor.

Measure of Correlation

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