International Well Control Forum

Blowout Prevention Course

for
IWCF Certificate

Drilling Staff Training Center

P.R.China 1
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SELF INTRODUCTION

My name is Wang Rui-e. I graduated in

Petroleum University in 1989. I major in
Drilling Engineering. I work in Drilling
Staff Training Center of Shengli Petroleum
Administration Bureau. I have engaged in
well control instruction for more than ten
years. I hope you could like my instruction.
Thank you very much!

Tel: +86-546-8723154
E-mail: wwrree@slof.com
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Courses Offered
• Foreword
• The Frequently Used-words In Well Control
• The Basic Concepts of Well Control
• Pressure Concepts and Calculation
• Causes of Kicks & Kick Detection
• Shut-in Procedures
• Gas Characteristics and Behavior
• Well-kill Technology
• Special Situations (Optional) 10
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Foreword
前言

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Control of formation pressure encountered

while drilling wells is of particular importance in
today’s oil industry.One indication of its
importance is the fact that regulatory bodies in
the world require that personnel either be
trained in well control or be tested to prove their
competence. Unquestionably, training plays an
important role in successful well control, for a
drilling crew that knows and understand the
principles and technical procedures of well
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control is a crew that is less likely to experience
a well blowing out of control.
Interestingly, a recent study of blowout
statistics covering the last 36 years in the
U.S.Gulf Coast, revealed that “…blowout
continue to occur at about a constant rate…”
the study deduced that most blowouts
happened because
(1) A formation with higher-than-expected
pressure was penetrated.
(2) Formation fluids were swabbed in during
a trip.
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(3) Formation breakdown and lost circulation

occurred because the mud weight was
too high or the crew lowered the drill string
into the hole too rapidly.
The wells then blew out . If the BOPs had been
closed, would have worked correctly, or had been
installed as planned, the kicks could have been
controlled.

It is therefore just as vital as it ever has been

to continue training drilling crews in the
principles of well control.
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This subject is intended to help all personnel

who are concerned with well control------rotary
helpers, drillers, toolpushers, supervisors,
company representatives, or anyone whose job
takes him or her directly onto a rig location.
The courses present a practical approach to well
control in that it emphasizes the things a rig crew
should know and be able to do to control a well.
It is also used as a basic knowledge by those who
attend well-control courses conducted by many
training organizations.
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Blowout !
Uncontrolled Flow From a Well
• Risk to human life
• Risk to the environment
• Loss of company & contractor image &
reputation
• Loss of assets
---potential recovery costs up to US$ 100 million
--- potential damage to reservoir in excess of
US$ 100
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What is the Basic Cause of

Blowout ?
The Loss of Primary Control!

Where are we most vulnerable?

DURING ROUND TRIPS!!!!!!

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Blowout Occurrence by Operational Phase

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

SPE- 1206
SI NTEF- 203

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Overview of Occurrences of Loss of

Primary Control
45
40
35
30
25 SPE
20 SI NTEF
15
10
5
0
t

es
ng

ud
HP

g
gh

l-u

tin
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ei

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ab

te

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ut

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em
ec
Sw

C
ud

op
xp

er

C
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at
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Un

/W

Im
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To

Swabbing is the Primary Cause 20

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Why Do We Lose Primary

Control?
• Main reason:
Human error
---Lack of awareness
---Failure to follow procedures
---Lack of skills
---Failure to communication
Swabbing is the responsible for between 30% -
40% of all blowouts

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Well control incidents

(Gulf Operator)
13 incidents in 1998 ( 6 onshore + 7 offshore)
4 while drilling
6 while tripping
1 after acid job
1 after jetting
1 installing wellhead

46% During Round Trips

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Why Do We Lose Secondary

Control?
Main reason are:
Equipment Failure
Human Error
---Failure to follow procedures
---Lack of knowledge
---Lack of skills

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Overview of Occurrences of Loss of

Secondary Control
35

30

25

20 SPE
15 SI NTEF
10

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Think of danger
in
time of peace!!!!!!
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The Frequently Used-words

In Well Control
井控常用词汇

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The Basic Concepts of

Well Control
井控的基本概念

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Shut-in procedures

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Flow Checks While Drilling

1. Call an alert
2. Raise the kelly above the table to clear the first tool joint( or
whatever positioning is required to ensure that a tool joint is
not in the pack off area).
3. Stop the pump
4. Divert the flow line to the trip tank
6. Monitor the trip tank gain for 5 to 10 minutes. If there is any
flow, shut-in immediately.
7. Record the flow check and its result in the Tour Report.
Note: Never let a crew member look down
the hole during a flow check!

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Shut-in procedure while drilling

1. Call an alert
2. Stop rotary table. Raise the kelly above the table to clear the first tool
joint( or whatever positioning is required to ensure that a tool joint is not
in the pack off area).
3. Stop the pump.
4. Open the hydraulic valve to an open choke to the poor boy degasser.
5. Close the preventer.
6. Slowly close the manifold choke, but do not allow the casing pressure to
exceed its maximum allowable value.
7. Let pressures stabilize 5 to 15 minutes.
8. Read and record SIDPP, SICP, and any gain in the trip tank.
9. Notify the operator’s representatives and the rig manager at the earliest
opportunity.
10. prepare to kill the well.

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Flow Checks While Tripping

1. Call an alert
2. Position the upper tool joint above the table.
3. Set the slip, remove the elevators.
4. Install a fully-opened stabbing valve, then close it.
5. Make sure the hole is full.
6. Stop the pump.
7. Read and record the trip tank volume. If there is any flow,
shut-in immediately.
8. Record the flow check and its result in the Tour Report.
Note: Never let a crew member look down
the hole during a flow check!

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Shut-in procedure while tripping

1. Call an alert
2. Position tool joint above rotary table.
3. Set pipe in slips and release elevators.
4. Install a full-opening stabbing valve, then close it.
5. Open HCR through an open choke to the poor
boy degasser.
6. Close preventer.
7. Slowly close choke. Do not exceed MAASP.
8. Install kelly.

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Shut-in procedure while tripping

9. Read and record SICP, SIDPP and tank gain until
stabilized.
10. Open stabbing valve.
11. Notify the operator representative and the rig
manager at the earliest opportunity.
12. Prepare to strip in, snub, or kill the well.

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Flow Checks While Out of the Hole

If the fluid level in the well has dropped a flow check
should be conducted.
1. Call an alert.
2. Fill the hole
3. Stop the pump.
4. Read and record the trip tank volume.
5. Monitor the trip tank for gain 5 to 10 minutes
every 20 to 30 minutes.
Note: Never let a crew member look down
the hole during a flow check!
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Shut-in Procedure While Out of the Hole

1. Call an alert.
2. Fill the hole.
3. Stop the pump.
4. Open HCR valve through open choke to the poor
boy degasser.
5. Close blind rams.
6. Slowly close choke but do not exceed MAASP.
7. Read and record SICP and tank gain until
stabilized.
8. Notify the operator representative and the rig
manager at the earliest opportunity.
9. Prepare to strip in, snub, or kill the well. 35
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Many
Thanks

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办学宗旨：
面向企业、服务生产，
全面提高职工队伍素质

胜利 石油管理 局
99
钻井 职工培训 中心
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