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Datura Poisoning

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12 views19 pages

Datura Poisoning

Uploaded by

anshusinger2
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of

Pharmacology

DATURA
POISONIN
By ANISHA DEBNATH
G Roll no. 9.
Under the
supervision
of - Dr. Ayan Purkayastha
(Assistant professor)
Contents
Topics Covered
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Pharmacological actions of Atropine &
Hyoscine table
• Difference
• Case study
• Actions of Ach
• Symptoms of Atropine poisoning
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Bibliography
Abstract
• Datura is a wild growing annual plant

Uses
• Medicinal, pharmaceutical,
ornamental, religious & social
• Potent psychological stimulant
• Its inapproiate misuse can result in
mild to severe toxicity leading to
severe anticholinergic effects and
Introductio
n• Datura belongs to the Solanaceae family.
• Comprised of 9 to 12 species.
• All parts of the plants are toxic but fruits and seeds are
more lethal.
• Datura compounds include tropane alkaloids: hyoscine,
atropine and scopolamine .
• MOA: competitive blockade of acetylcholine at peripheral
and central muscarinic receptors.
• High dose affect the selectivity of atropine.
PHYTOCHEMIC
ALS IN
DATURA
Pharmacological actions
of Atropine and Hyoscine
1.CNS
• Atropine has an overall CNS stimulant action.
• hyoscine has depressant effect
• both have antimotion sickness property
2.CVS
• Tachycardia
• blockade of M2 receptor on SA node
3.vascular tone
• Atropine blocks vasodepressor action of cholinergic
agonists
4.Eye
• Topical instillation of atropine :
• causes mydriasis and cycloplegia
Pharmacological actions
of Atropine and Hyoscine
5.smooth muscles
• Muscles become relaxed(m3 blockade)
• Causes-
• Constipation,Bronchodilation, reduced airway resistance , urinary
retention
6.Glands
• (M3 blockade)
• Decreases sweat, salivary , tracheobronchial and lacrimal secretion
• Xerostomia
• Xeroderma
• decreased HCl production
7.Body temperature
• Hyperthermia
8.Local anaesthetic
• Mild anaesthetic action on eye
Difference between
Atropine & Hyoscine
A young boy who was poisoned with Datura with an
intent to stupefy him before robbery. He presented
with an anticholinergic toxidrome. At presentation he
had visual hallucinations, was disoriented, had
incomprehensible and nonsensical speech along with
CASE dilated pupils. He also developed urinary retention and
aggressive behavior.
STUDY
He started having seizures and tried to hold imaginary
objects and later developed high fever, dry lips and
redden tongue.
His vital signs showed a heart rate of 120 beats per
minute, blood pressure of 135/61mmHg, respiratory
rate of 30 breaths per minute, and a temperature of
37.1 °C. Neurological examination showed that he was 02

agitated with Glasgow coma scale of 11/15


Effects of
Ach
• D - diarrhoea
• U -urination
• M -miosis
• B -bronchospasm (asthma)
• B -bradycardia
• E -excitation/seizures (brain).
• L - lacrimation
• S - salivation
• S - sweating
Symptoms of Atropine
poisoning
• Blocks the receptors of Acetylcholine
• Clinical features →opposite of DUMBBELSS
• Constipation
• Urinary retention
• Pupil dilation:mydriasis + cycloplegia
• Bronchodilation
• Tachycardia
Symptoms of Atropine
poisoning
6.CNS: ↓memory→confusion
↓
Delirium,hallucination,seizures
Symptoms of Atropine
poisoning
7.↓LACRIMATION/SALIVATION→DRY EYES/ MOUTH

8. ↓SWEATING → HYPERTHERMIA.
.

9. VASODILATION → FLUSHING
Diagnosis
Methacholine 5 mg or
neostigmine
1 mg s.c. fails to induce typical
muscarinic
effects.
Treatment
• If poison has been ingested, gastric
lavage should be done with tannic acid.

• The patient should be kept in a dark quiet room.


• Cold sponging or ice bags are applied to reduce
body temp.

• D.O.C-Physostigmine 1–3 mg s.c. or i.v.


antagonises both central and peripheral effects.
Treatment
• It has been found to produce hypotension and
arrhythmias in some cases.
• Neostigmine does not antagonise the central
effects.
• Other general measures:
• maintenance of blood volume
• assisted respiration
• diazepam to control convulsions.
Bibliography
• Essentials of medical pharmacology ,K.D Tripathi,9th
edition
• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5555431/-
National library of medicine,national centre for
biotechnology information.

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