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Constitution of Pakistan-1956

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22 views8 pages

Constitution of Pakistan-1956

Uploaded by

nasirfiaz313
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CONSTITUTION OF

PAKISTAN-1956
WHY A CONSTITUTION IS IMPORTANT?
Countries need a constitution because it acts like a rulebook that explains how a country should be run.
1. Sets the Rules: A constitution lays down the rules for the government, like what powers it has and
how it should work.
2. Protects Rights: It safeguards the rights of citizens, such as freedom of speech, equality, and justice.
3. Ensures Fairness: It makes sure that everyone, including the government, follows the law and treats
people fairly.
4. Avoids Confusion: It helps avoid conflicts by clearly defining the responsibilities of leaders and
citizens.
5. Keeps the Country United: It provides a common set of values and goals for all citizens, helping to
keep the country together.
6. Prevents Misuse of Power: By limiting the powers of leaders, it stops anyone from becoming too
powerful and abusing their authority.
CONSTITUTION OF PAKISTAN-1956

oAfter gaining independence in 1947, Pakistan initially used the Government of India
Act, 1935, as its governing law.
oThe demand for a constitution grew, and the Constituent Assembly worked on
drafting it.
oThe constitution was finally adopted on 23 March 1956, making Pakistan a fully
independent and sovereign Islamic Republic.
oIt was the first formal constitution of Pakistan, giving the country its identity as an
Islamic Republic.
oIt provided a structure for governance, ensuring power was distributed fairly.
oIt guaranteed fundamental rights, laying the foundation for a democratic system.
KEY FEATURES OF THE CONSTITUTION

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF FEDERAL SYSTEM


PAKISTAN

oPakistan was declared an Islamic oPakistan became a federal state,


Republic, the first country in the meaning power was divided between
world to adopt this title. the central government and the
provinces.
oThe preamble was based on the
Objectives Resolution (1949), oThe two main regions, East Pakistan
emphasizing that sovereignty belongs (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan,
to Allah and laws must align with had their own powers but remained
Islamic principles. under the central government for
national matters.
PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE

oThe constitution established a oPakistan had a unicameral


parliamentary form of government, legislature, meaning there was only
similar to the British system. one house called the National
Assembly.
oThe Prime Minister was the head of
government, holding most executive oEqual representation was given to
powers. both East and West Pakistan, despite
East Pakistan having a larger
oThe President was the ceremonial
population. This was done to
head of state, elected by the national maintain balance and avoid political
and provincial assemblies domination.
FUNDAMENTAL
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE ISLAMIC PROVISIONS
RIGHTS

The constitution guaranteed oBoth Urdu and Bengali o The President had to be a
basic rights to all citizens, were declared the Muslim.
including: national languages to o Laws had to conform to
address the concerns of Islamic teachings, but
oFreedom of speech and
East Pakistan. non-Muslims were free to
religion.
practice their religions.
oRight to property.
oEquality before the law
KEY INSTITUTIONS UNDER THE CONSTITUTION

EXECUTIVE LEGISLATURE JUDICIARY

oThe Prime Minister was oThe National Assembly o The judiciary was independent
the real head of the made laws for the country. and responsible for interpreting
government, responsible laws and ensuring justice.
oEqual representation was
for running the country.
given to both wings (East
oThe President acted as a and West Pakistan).
symbolic leader with
limited powers.
WHY THIS CONSTITUTION FAILED?

oPolitical Instability: Frequent changes in leadership and lack of consensus created


instability.
oEast-West Tensions: Despite giving equal representation, East Pakistan felt
marginalized because it had a larger population but shared equal power with West
Pakistan.
oMilitary Influence: The military and bureaucracy began to play a stronger role,
weakening democratic institutions.
oShort Lifespan: The constitution lasted only two years before it was abrogated in
1958 by General Ayub Khan during a military coup.

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