Scribd
Upload
31 views11 pages

CST Ftir

Uploaded by

yashgandhi232003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views11 pages

CST Ftir

Uploaded by

yashgandhi232003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

L. D.

College of Engineering, Ahmedabad

Name: Gandhi Yash Manishkumar


Roll No: 7172008
Branch: Chemical Engineering Department
Master of Engineering (ME), Semester: I
Academic Year: 2024-25
Subject: Catalyst Science & Technology
Subject Code: ME01072061
Topic: Spectroscopic Techniques (Fourier Transform Infrared)
(FTIR)
2
SPECTROSCOPY

• Spectroscopy is defined as the study of the interaction of electromagnetic waves with


materials.
• Spectroscopy is used to gain knowledge about the structure of the material.
• A molecule in space can have energies in various forms like rotational energy, vibrational
energy or electronic energy . These energies of molecules are quantized and a particular
molecule can exist in different rotational and vibrational energy levels. The molecules can
move from one level to another level only by a sudden jump involving a finite amount of
energy.
3
SPECTROSCOPY

 Generation of absorption spectrum:

• Consider two possible vibrational energy state of a molecule, E 1 and E2. Transition can
take place between the levels E1 and E2 provided the appropriate amount of energy ∆E = E 2
- E1 can be either absorbed or emitted by the system. If a molecule in state 1 is subjected to
electromagnetic radiation of a single frequency ν 1 = ∆E/h, then the energy will be absorbed
from the incident radiation and the molecule will jump to state E 2 .
• A detector placed to collect the radiation after its interaction with the molecule will show a
decrease in the intensity of frequency ν1. If a radiation beam of wide range of frequencies
is used, the detector will show that energy has been absorbed only from the ν 1 frequency
and intensity of all other frequencies are unaffected. This results in an absorption
spectrum.
FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED
4
SPECTROSCOPY

• Fourier infrared spectroscopy is the study of interactions between matter and electromagnetic
fields in the IR region.
• Infrared spectrum is an important record which gives sufficient information about the
functional groups of a compound.

 PRINCIPLE:

• IR spectroscopy are work on principal of absorption. The analysis is based on the fact that
different molecule bond vibrate at different frequencies when exposed to infrared radiation
and thus absorb or emit different wavelength of light.
5
COMPONENTS OF FTIR SPECTROSCOPY

1. Source: Infrared energy is emitted from a glowing black-body source.


2. Sample: The beam enters the sample compartment where it is transmitted through or reflected
off of the surface of the sample, depending on the type of analysis being accomplished. This is
where specific frequencies of energy, which are uniquely characteristic of the sample are
absorbed.
3. The Detector: The detectors used to measure the special interferogram signal. Detectors
transform the input energy into an output then converted to a signal.
4. The Computer: The measured signal is digitized and sent to the computer where the Fourier
transformation takes place.
5. Moving mirror: It is the only moving part of the instrument.
6. Fixed mirror: It is a stationary mirror
6
DIAGRAM OF FTIR SPECTROSCOPY

Figure: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope


7
WORKING

• Radiation from the broadband IR source is collimated and directed into the
interferometer, and impinges on the beam splitter.
• At the beam-splitter half of the IR beam is transmitted to the fixed mirror and the
remaining half is reflected to the moving mirror.
• After the divided beams are reflected from the two mirrors, they are recombined at the
beam splitter.
• Due to changes in the relative position of the moving mirror, an interference pattern is
generated. An optical path difference (δ) is introduced by the change in the position of
moving mirror.
• When the reflected beams are combined, few of the wavelengths recombine
constructively while others destructively creating an interference pattern.
• Completely constructive interference occurs when δ = nλ, but completely destructive
interference occurs when δ = ( 1/2 + n)λ.
8
WORKING

• A plot of light interference intensity as function of optical path difference is called an


interferogram.
• This interferogram then goes from the beam-splitter to the sample, where some energy
is absorbed and some is transmitted.
• The transmitted portion reaches the detector. The interferogram received is converted
into a spectrum by using an algorithm called a Fourier transform using a computer.
Fourier transform algorithm transfers information between a function in the time (t)
domain and its corresponding one in the frequency (ω) domain.
9
APPLICATIONS

In heterogeneous catalysis, IR spectroscopy is used to,

• Study the molecular structure of catalysts


• Identify adsorbed species or adsorbed reaction intermediates and their structures on
catalysts
• Provide information on the nature of acid – basic sites present on catalysts surface
during preparation and reaction
• Detection of impurities in a compound
10
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
 ADVANTAGES:
• Sensitive, fast and easy.
• It is a non-destructive technique
• Internally calibrated (self-calibrating)
• Simpler mechanical design.
• Powerful data station.
• Majority of molecules in the universe absorb mid-infrared light, making it a highly useful tool.
• Relatively inexpensive and provides rich information.
• Low maintenance

 DISADVANTAGES:
• It cannot be used to detect all the vibration modes in a molecule.
• It is not possible to know whether it is pure compound or a mixture of compound.
• Accuracy of FT-IR remains true if there is no change in atmospheric conditions throughout the
experiment.
• It can only scan a single nano sized image at a time of about 150 x 150nm
• Skilled person needed
• Requires routine checkup with reference sample
THANK YOU

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy