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Relative Clauses

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Cristian Osses
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81 views11 pages

Relative Clauses

Uploaded by

Cristian Osses
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RELATIVE CLAUSES

“ W H O , W H O M , W H O S E , W H I C H , T H AT ”
INTRODUCTION
When we start speaking English, we get
used to using simple sentences, where
we only connect a subject and a verb.
As we progress, we aim to structure our
sentences with greater complexity. This
is where relative clauses come in,
helping us express more complex ideas.
What are RELATIVE CLAUSES?
Relative clauses are parts of a sentence that
provide additional information about a noun
(person, place, thing, or idea).

Key relative pronouns:

who, whom, whose, which, that


The Purpose They
provide
of Relative Why are
more
details
Clauses they
useful?
about
someone
or
something
Help .
combine Bring
sentences focus to a
without specific
repeating person or
informatio object.
n.
Types of Relative
Clauses
There are two types of relative clauses: defining and non-
defining.

1. Defining Clauses
• Also known as essential or restrictive clauses.
• Provide critical information that defines the noun.
• Example:
• The book that I borrowed from the library is amazing.
• (That I borrowed from the library identifies which
book.)

Without this clause, the meaning is incomplete.


2. Non-Defining Clauses
• Add extra, non-essential information.
• These clauses don’t change the sentence’s meaning if removed.
• They are enclosed by commas or dashes.
• Example:
• My teacher, who has a PhD, is very knowledgeable.

The clause who has a PhD provides extra details but is not crucial to the sentence.
Use
1. Who
• Refers to people and acts as the subject of the relative clause.
• Example:

She is the doctor who saved my life.

(The clause "who saved my life" gives more details about the doctor.)
2. Whom
• Refers to people and is used as the object of the relative clause
• Example: The person whom I called was not available.

(The clause "whom I called" gives more information about the person.)

3. Whose
• Shows possession and refers to people or things.
• Example: The man whose car broke down is my neighbor.

(The clause "whose car broke down" explains which man.)


4. Which
• Refers to things, animals, or sometimes whole ideas.
• Example: The house which we rented was very cozy.

(The clause "which we rented" gives more details about the house.)

5. That
• Refers to people, animals, or things and can replace who or which in restrictive
clauses.
• Example: The car that he drives is very fast.

(The clause "that he drives" specifies which car.)


• Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronoun.
(Choose: who, whom, whose, which, or that.)

1. The man _____ lives next door is very friendly.

2. This is the movie _____ everyone has been talking about.

3. They hired a designer _____ ideas were brilliant.


• Combine the two sentences into one using a relative clause.

1. The boy is my cousin. He won the race.

2. The hotel was very expensive. We stayed there last


summer.

EXCERCISES Identify whether the clause is restrictive or non-restrictive.

1. The students who study hard always succeed.

2. My uncle, whose hobby is painting, has an art exhibition.

3. This is the phone that I lost last week.


THANK YOU!

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