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Joins

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20 views16 pages

Joins

Uploaded by

Balasubramanian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JOINS

Introduction
The MySQL Joins clause is used to combine records from
two or more tables in a database.

A JOIN is a means for combining fields from two tables


by using values common to each.

 MySQL Joins are used to relate information


in different tables.
A Join condition is a part of the sql query that
retrieves rows from two or more tables.

 A MySQL Join condition is used in the


MySQL WHERE Clause of select, update,
delete statements.
Types of Joins:

 Inner join
 Right outer join
 Left Outer join
 Full join
 Cross join
Inner join
An 'inner join' is a commonly used join operation used in
applications.

Inner join creates a new result table by combining column


values of two tables (A and B) based upon the join-predicate.

When the join-predicate is satisfied, column values for each


matched pair of rows of A and B are combined into a result
row.
Syntax :

Select * from <tablename 1> inner join <tablename 2> on


Tablename 1.column name =tablename 2.column name;

Ex:

Select * from employee inner join department on employee.did


= department.did;
Left outer join
left outer join (or simply left join) for tables A and B always
contains all records of the "left" table (A) , even if the join-
condition does not find any matching record in the "right" table
(B).

The join will still return a row in the result (for that record)—
but with NULL in each column from B.

A left outer join returns all the values from an inner join plus
all values in the left table that do not match to the right table.
 Syntax :
select * from <tablename 1> left outer join <tablename 2> on
Table name 1. column name = tablename 2. column name;

Ex :

select * from employee left outer join department on


employee . did= department . did;
Right outer join
 A right outer join (or right join) closely resembles a left outer join,
except with the treatment of the tables reversed.

 Every row from the "right" table (B) will appear in the joined table at
least once.

 If no matching row from the "left" table (A) exists, NULL will
appear in columns from A for those records that have no match in B.
 Syntax :
select * from <tablename 1> right outer join <tablename 2> on
Table name 1. column name = tablename 2. column name;

Ex :

select * from employee right outer join department on


employee . did= department . did;
Full outer join

A full outer join combines the effect of applying both left and
right outer joins.

Where records in the FULL OUTER JOINed tables do not


match, the result set will have NULL values for every column
of the table that lacks a matching row.
 Syntax :
select * from <tablename 1> full outer join <tablename 2> on
Table name 1. column name = tablename 2. column name;

Ex :

select * from employee full outer join department on


employee . did= department . did;
Cross Join

CROSS JOIN returns the Cartesian product of rows from


tables in the join.

In other words, it will produce rows which combine each row
from the first table with each row from the second table.
 Syntax :
select * from <tablename 1> cross join <tablename 2;

Ex :

select * from employee cross join department;


SELF JOIN
 The SELF JOIN is used to join a table to itself as if the
table were two tables, temporarily renaming at least one
table in the MySQL statement.

Syntax :
select * from table_name1,table_name2
where a.column_name=b.column_name;
Example:

select * from employee,department where


employee.did = department.did;

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