Scribd
Upload
809 views28 pages

Erythrocytes

Mbbs

Uploaded by

neetcrack03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
809 views28 pages

Erythrocytes

Mbbs

Uploaded by

neetcrack03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

Erythrocytes

Erythrocyt
es

Red
Cells Blood
STRUCTURE OF
RBC
•Circular, non-
nucleated,
bioconcave disc.
•Diameter- 7.5µm
•Thickness at periphery-
2
2 µm & at centre 1.2µm.
•Surface Area- 140µm
Advantages of biconcave
shape
It increases the surface area
for exchange of gases.
It helps the RBCs to squeeze
while passing through narrow
capillaries.
When exposed to hypotonic
solution- RBCs can withstand
RBC is a highly specialised cell with
a very simple structure.
( No nucleus, no mitochondria, no
ribosomes).
Cell membrane of RBC

Lipoprotein bilayer:
Integral proteins
Membrane skeleton.
Lipoprotein Bilayer
Glucose is the main fuel for RBCs.
Contains special carrier proteins for
glucose through which it enters the
cell by facilitated diffusion.
Since no mitochondria: 90% of
glucose oxidised by anaerobic
glycolysis.(E.M.Pathway)
2ATP & 2-3DPG are produced.
2-3DPG affects oxygen affinity of
haemoglobin
10% of glucose: oxidised by HMP
Shunt.
G6PD is the main enzyme for HMP
Shunt.
HMP Shunt generates NADPH, which is
a strong reducing agent & prevents
damage to RBCs
In G6PD defeciency: An inborn error of
metabolism, red cells are susceptible
to the damage of oxidation &
hemolytic anaemia results.
Integral Proteins

It contains important anion


exchanger protein, called
Chloride bicarbonate
exchanger.
It regulates metabolic pathway of
RBCs
Membrane Skeleton
It
is present on internal side of the
RBCs
Spectrin & Ankyrin.
Spectrin:

Most abundant (75%)

Composed of 2 subunits α & β.


α, β heteromer allign, interwin &
form tetramer.
Advantages of spectrin
It maintains biconcave shape
of RBCs
It provides membrane
stability, deformability &
durability to red cells.
Deficiency of Spectrin/
Ankrin: Results in membrane
defects like Spherocytosis &
elliptocytosis. They make cell
membrane rigid so they get
easily destroyed.
Physiological aspects of red
cells
Osmotic Fragility of RBCs:
Defination:

It is the ease with which the

RBCs are destroyed when kept in

hypotonic solution.
Significance:

Osmotic fragility of RBCs

increases when they become

spherical e.g. in Hereditary

Spherocytosis
Packed Cell Volume (PCV)
PACKED CELL VOLUME
(PCV)

Layers of PCV:

1. Clear plasma
2. Buffy coat (WBCs,Platelets)
3. RBC mass
PCV is the amount of packed
RBCs following centrifugation.
It provides useful information
about red cell mass which is
correlated RBC count & Hb
content for determination of
blood indices.
Normal Range: In Males: 46%
 In Females: 42%
 RBC count : PCV
ESR
• Red cells have a property of
rouleaux formation.
• The rate at which the red
cells sediment is called ESR.
•In PCV: packing of red cells
accomplished by
centrifugation.
• In ESR: Column of red cells
settle by gravity
Factors affecting ESR
Shape and number of RBC:
Biconcave shape favours
rouleaux formation.
Alteration in shape decreases
ESR.
Therefore inhereditory
spherocytosis or elliptocytosis
ESR decreases.
Plasma factors : Fibrinogen
nullifies negative charge on the
Body temperature and viscosity :
Increased temperature increases ESR
by decreasing viscosity.

Normal: Males 0-9 mm at 1 hour

Females 0-20 mm at 1
hour.
Methods:

a.Westergren

b.Wintrobe
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

“PROGNOSIS”
BLOOD INDICES
MCV
It is the mean volume of a red
cell.
MCV = PCV x 10
RBC count
= 78 to 94 μ3
MCH

It is average weight of Hb in single


RBC.
MCH = Hb x 10
RBC count
= 27 to 32 picograms
MCHC
It is average Hb concentration per
unit volume of packed RBCs.

MCHC=Hb x 100
PCV
=32-38%
Thank You.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy