HAAS TL

Series

Training
 I.MACHINE BASIC PARTS
FAMILIARIZATION
Control
Tool post Pendant
Spindle
Head
Assembly Tailstock

X- axis Cross
Slide
Machine Guard

Chuck
Z- axis Saddle
 II. MACHINE POWER-UP

4. Press “Zero
Ret” and “All”
1. Press Warning!!!
Power-on Move the tailstock (if
equipped) all the way to
button
the far right of the
limits of the machine,
2. Release and leave the clamps
on the tailstock loose.
Emergency This will provide the
Stop saddle enough room to
reference itself.
CAUTION: the control
does not know where
the tailstock is, and
3. Press Reset there is a chance to
Button 2x crash if the tailstock
is not in the home
position!
III. MACHINE CONTROL KEYBOARD
1. Function Keys

F1 – F4 – Perform different functions depending on which

mode the machine is in. Example in offsets mode F1 will
directly enter value given it into offset geometry.

X DIAMETER MEASURE – Will take machine X position ask for a

diameter measurement on the part which tool turned and put
correct X Geometry in Tool Offsets page.

NEXT TOOL – In set up this will select the next tool and make a
tool index.

X/Z - Toggles between X-axis and Z-axis jog modes during a set
up.

Z FACE MEASURE – Used to record Z tool offsets and Z work

offsets.
2. Jog Keys

Chip FWD (Chip Conveyer Forward) – Turns the chip

conveyer in a direction that removes chips from the work
cell.

Chip STOP (Chip Auger Stop) – Stops chip conveyer

movement.
Chip REV (Chip Auger Reverse) – Turns the chip conveyer in
reverse.
<-TS – Moves tailstock toward the spindle.

TS Rapid – Increases speed of tailstock movement when

used concurrently with the other TS keys.

->TS - Moves tailstock away from spindle.

+X, -X (Axis) Selects the X axis for continuous motion when

depressed.

+Z, -Z (Axis) Selects the Z axis for continuous motion when

depressed.

Rapid – When pressed simultaneously with X or Z keys will

move at maximum jog speed.
3. Override Keys

The overrides are at the

lower right of the control
panel. They give the user the
ability to override the speed
of rapid traverse motion, as
well as programmed feeds
and spindle speeds.
-10 FEED RATE Decreases current feed rate in
increments of 10 percent.

100% FEED RATE Resets the control feed rate to the

programmed feed rate.

+10 FEED RATE Increases current feed rate in

increments of 10 percent.

HANDLE CONTROL FEED RATE Hand wheel will control

feed rate at 1% increments.
-10 SPINDLE Decreases current spindle speed in
increments of 10 percent.

100% SPINDLE Sets the control spindle speed at the

programmed spindle speed

+10 SPINDLE Increases current spindle speed in

increments of 10 percent.

HANDLE CONTROL FEED Hand wheel will control feed

rate at 1% increments.
CW Starts the spindle in the clockwise direction.

STOP Stops the spindle.

CCW Starts the spindle in the counterclockwise direction.

5% RAPID Limits rapid moves to 5 percent of maximum.

25% RAPID Limits rapid moves to 25 percent of maximum.

50% RAPID Limits rapid moves to 50 percent of maximum.

100% RAPID Allows rapid traverse to feed at its maximum.

4. Display Keys

PRGM/CONVRS – Selects the active program pane

(highlights in white). In MDI/DNC mode pressing a
second time will allow access to VQC (Visual Quick
Code) and IPS (Intuitive Programming System)

POSIT (Position) – Selects the positions display

window (lower middle). Repeated pressing of the
POSIT key will toggle through relative positions in
the Memory Mode. In Handle Jog mode all four are
listed together.
A. POS-OPER digital display. This is a reference
display only. Each axis can be zeroed out
independently; then the display shows the axis
position relative to where you decided to zero it.
In the Handle Jog mode, you can press the X, Y or Z
JOG keys and ORIGIN key to zero that selected axis.
On this display page, you can also enter in an axis
letter and number (X-1.25) and press ORIGIN to
have that value entered in that axis display.

B. POS-WORK digital display. This position display

tells how far away the tools are in X, Y and Z from
the presently selected work offset zero point.
C. POS-MACH digital display. This is in reference to
machine zero, the location that the machine moves
to automatically when you press POWER
UP/RESTART. This display will show the current
distance from machine zero.

D. POS-TO-GO digital display. When you're running

the machine, or when you have the machine in a
Feed Hold, this incrementally displays the travel
distance remaining in the active program block
being run. This is useful information when you are
stepping a program through during a set up.
When the position pane is active one can change
which axis is displayed simply by typing X or Y or Z
or any combination and pressing write. Only that
particular axis or combination will be displayed.
OFFSET – Selects one of two offsets tables: Tool
Geometry/Wear and Work Zero Offset.
Depressing the OFFSET button toggles between the
two tables Tool Geometry/Wear table displays 50 tool
length offsets
(100 tool length offsets on older machines) - labeled
(LENGTH) GEOMETRY - along with wear offsets. It also
displays radius and tool tip type.

The Work Zero Offset table has G54-G59 plus G154 P1

to G154 P99 offsets available.
The WRITE/ENTER key will add the number in the input
buffer to the selected offset, and the F1 key will
replace the selected offset with the number entered
into the input buffer. Offsets can also be entered using
TOOL OFSET MEASUR and PART ZERO SET
CURNT COMDS – Ten different pages; use PAGE UP and PAGE
DOWN
1. Operation Timers – displays Power-On Time, Cycle Start
Time, Feed Cutting Time. Hitting ORIGIN will clear any
display that is highlighted by the cursor.
2. Real time clock and date.
3. System Variables, for machines with Macro Programming.
4. All Active Codes, displays current and modal command
values.
5. Position information: Machine, Distance to Go, Operator,
Work Coordinate.
6. Tool life, displays the usage of each tool. An alarm can be
set for the number of times you want that tool to be used,
and when that condition has been met (that is, the tool has
been used the set number of times), the machine will stop,
with an alarm for you to check the condition of that tool.
Pressing ORIGIN will clear the cursor-selected display, and
pressing ORIGIN when the cursor is at the top of a column
will clear the whole column.
7. Tool Load displays the Tool Load Max % of each tool
being used. You can use the Limit % column to set the
maximum spindle load for a particular tool.
When that condition has been met (the tool has
reached maximum load), the machine will stop and
alarm out for you to check the condition of that tool.
Pressing ORIGIN will clear the cursor-selected display,
and pressing ORIGIN when the cursor is at the top of a
column will clear the whole column. Setting 84
determines the Overload Action when this limit is met.
Also vibration loads may be entered.
8. Maintenance times for various items may be loaded.
9. Bar Feeder 300 – Haas servo bar system variables
displayed
ALARM/MESGS – Displays messages and current active
alarms. Press right arrow key gives alarm history.
Press right arrow key again goes to the Alarm Viewer
Page. Enter alarm number and press write will give
detailed information on a particular alarm code.
PARAM/DGNOS – Lists machine parameters that are
seldom-modified values which change the operation of
the machine. These include servo motor types, gear
ratios, speeds, stored stroke limits, lead screw
compensations, motor control delays and macro call
selections.
All of these are rarely changed by the user and should
be protected by Setting 7, PARAMETER LOCK. A second
press of PARAM/DGNOS will show the diagnostics
display. The PAGE UP and PAGE DOWN keys are then
used to select one of two different pages. This display
is for service diagnostic purposes, and the user will not
normally need them.
SETNG/GRAPH – Displays settings - machine parameters
and control functions that the user may need to turn on
and off or change to suit specific needs. A list of settings
is found on page 30.

· Settings are organized into functionally similar page

groups with a title.
· Settings are listed with a number and a short
description, and a value or choice on the right.
· To find a particular setting, enter the setting number
and then press either the up or down cursor arrow key
to move to the desired setting.
· You can change a setting using the left or right cursor
arrows to display the choices, or, if the setting contains
a value, by typing in a new number. A message at the
top of the screen will tell you how to change the
selected setting. When you changed, it will flash on and
off.
· A setting change is not active until it stops flashing. To
activate, press WRITE/ENTER.
SETNG/GRAPH (2nd part) - The second press of
SETNG/GRAPH will bring up the graphics display in the
Main Display Pane. In this screen you can dry-run a
program without moving the axes or risking tool damage
from any programming errors. This function is far more
powerful than using DRY RUN, because all of your offsets
and travel limits can be checked before any attempt is
made to move the axes.
The risk of a crash during setup is greatly reduced.
The Graphics Screen will display the programmed tool
path and generate an alarm if there are any problems.
Some of the features of the Graphics display are
controlled by selections made in the Settings display, on
the page titled GRAPHICS.
1. Press either MEM or MDI and select the program
that you want to run in Graphics. Graphics will also
run in the Edit Mode.
2. Press SETNG/GRAPH twice.
· The top left line of the screen will list the GRAPHICS
title. Above that line will list the mode you are in
(MEM or MDI). The bottom lists explanations for use
of function keys F1 through F4.
· The small window on the lower right side of the
screen displays the whole table area during the
simulation run, indicating the location of the tool and
any zoom window.
The center window of the display is a large window
that represents a top-down perspective of the X and
Y axes. This is where the tool path is displayed
during graphic simulation of a CNC program.
3. Press CYCLE START to see all the X and Y-axis
moves demonstrated.

Note machine axis and spindle will not when

graphic window is up.
4. To step through a program one block at a
time in Graphics, press SINGLE BLOCK.
5. F1 is a help key.
6. Press F2 to zoom in on the Graphics view screen.
· Use PAGE DOWN to zoom in further and PAGE UP to
expand the view.
· Use the Cursor Keys to position the new zoom
window over the area you wish to zoom in on using
the small window in the bottom right hand corner.
Pressing HOME will display the whole table.
· After positioning the desired zoom window, press
WRITE/ENTER to accept the view and CYCLE START to
see the new view.
· F3 slows the execution speed of the graphic
simulation
· F4 speeds up the execution speed of simulation.
Use SINGLE BLOCK to step through a program in
graphics to find any mistakes. During single block
you can re-zoom your window to look at tool paths
in tight corners etc. Also use position display to see
find any discrepant values.
HELP/CALC – Will bring up a help POP UP relevant to
the screen you are in. This provides information only
pertaining to that screen. Pressing the HELP/CALC
button again brings a tabbed menu.
With tabulated screens highlighting tab and pressing
WRITE/ENTER key will open up respective tab. Pressing
the CANCEL key will close the tab. up
Help Opening up the Help tab brings you to the
table of contents of the entire Mill Operators
Manual. High light the topic of interest and
press WRITE/ENTER will bring up subtopics on
the area of interest. Select subtopic in similar
fashion will bring up the relevant page in the
manual Search.
The search tab will do a search of the manuals
content for relevant information on a keyword.
Type in the search term and press F1. Topics
relevant to the keyword will appear. Highlight
the topic and press WRITE/ENTER key to open.
Drill Table Displays a common drill sizes,
decimal information and tap drill sizes.
Calculator Different calculator functions are available
under this tab. The calculator gives ordinary calculations
like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in all
tabs.
It also will solve trig problems with information about
triangles, circles, circle line tangent and circle circle
tangent. A milling and tapping tab will give you suggested
cutting speeds and feeds per different materials and sized
tools.
Simple Calculator It will calculate simple addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division operations.
Operations are listed as: LOAD + - * /. These are selected
using the left or right cursor arrow.
· To enter a number cursor on to LOAD; type the number
you want to load and
press WRITE/ENTER.
· To perform one of the arithmetic functions, enter the first
number into the calculator window. Select the operation
you want ( + - * / ). Finally, enter the second number into
the input buffer, press WRITE/ENTER to perform the
calculation.
 5. Cursor Keys
Cursor Keys The cursor keys are in the
center of the control panel. They give
the user the ability to move to and
through various screens and fields in the
control.
They are used extensively for editing
and searching CNC programs. They may
be arrows or commands.

Up/Down – Moves up/down one item, block or field.

Page Up/Down – Used to change displays or move up/down
one page when viewing a program.
HOME – Will move the cursor to the top-most item on the
screen; in editing, this is the top left block ofthe program.
END – Will take you to the bottom-most item of the screen.
In editing, this is the last block of the
program.
6 and 7. Alpha Keys and Numeric Keys

Alpha Keys allow the user to enter the 26 letters of the

alphabet along with some special characters.
Depressing any Alphabet Key automatically puts that
character in the Input Section of the control (lower left-hand
corner).
SHIFT key provides access to the yellow
characters shown in the upper left corner
of some of the alphanumeric buttons on
the keyboard. Pressing SHIFT and then the
desired white character key will enter that
character into the input buffer.

EOB key enters the end-of-block

character, which is displayed as a
semicolon on the
screen and signifies the end of a
programming block. It also moves the
cursor to the next line.
Parentheses are used to separate CNC program
commands from user comments. They must always
be entered as a pair.
Example: (T1 ½” End Mill)
Also any time an invalid line of code is received
through the RS-232 port, it is added to the
program between parentheses.
(–) and (.)
These keys are used to define negative numbers
and give decimal position.
+ = # * [ ] These symbols are accessed by first
pressing the SHIFT key and then the key with the
desired symbol. They are used in macro
expressions (Haas option) and in parenthetical
comments within the program.
, ? % $ ! & @ : These are additional symbols,
accessed by pressing the SHIFT key, that can be
used in parenthetical comments.
The Numeric Keys allow the user to enter numbers and a
few special characters into the control.
Depressing any number key automatically puts it into
the Input Section of the Control.
Cancel The Cancel key will delete the last character put
into the Input Section of the control display.
Space Is used to format comments placed into the Input
Section of the control display.
Write/Enter General purpose “Enter” key. It inserts code
from the input section into a program when the program
display is in EDIT mode. With offsets pages active,
pressing the WRITE/ENTER key adds a number in the
Input Section to the highlighted cell.
Pressingthe F1 key will input the number into the cell.
- The (Minus Sign) is used to enter negative
numbers.
. The (Decimal Point) is used to note decimal
places.
8. Mode Keys

Mode keys set the operational state of the machine

tool. Once a mode is set the keys to the right maybe
used.
The current operation mode of the machine is
displayed at the top thin pane of the CRT.
EDIT The edit mode is used to make changes in a
program stored in memory. When you press EDIT two
panes appear at the top of the screen. In the left pane
the active program appears. In the right an inactive
program appears or the select program screen
appears.
On the bottom left a editor help pane appears and on
the right a clipboard pane.
Editing may be performed in either the active or
inactive panes. Pressing EDIT toggles between the
two panes, (changes background to white). To call up
a program from memory and put it in one of the edit
panes press SELCT/PROG.
Highlight the program desired by usingthe up or down
cursor buttons and press WRITE/ENTER. In the edit
mode you are able to use the edit keys in the same
row as the EDIT key.
INSERT Enters commands keyed into the input panel in
lower left pane of CRT after the cursor
highlighted word in a program.

ALTER Highlighted words are replaced by text input

into the input panel.

DELETE Highlighted words are deleted from a

program.

UNDO Will undo up to the last 9 edit changes.

F1 KEY While in the edit mode pressing F1 will bring

up an edit pop up window. Using the
sideways cursor buttons will toggle thru HELP,
MODIFY, SEARCH, EDIT AND PROGRAM
MENUS. The up and down buttons will cursor thru the
different options in each of the
above.
MODIFY Gives options on changing line numbers.

SEARCH Will perform a search and gives the option of

replacing text.

EDIT Gives option of cutting or copying and pasting to a

clipboard and to another program.

PROGRAM Gives options of creating new program,

selecting a program from list to edit, duplication of
programs, switching from left to right side of window
panes.

Background Edit When a program is being run pushing

the edit will bring up the Background Edit pane in the
Main Display Pane. Simple edits may be performed on
the program that is being run or another program. The
edits on the running program will not take place until
after the current cycle has completed.
MEM The memory mode is the mode used when
running the machine and making a part. The active
program is shown in the Program Display Pane. Keys
in the memory mode line reflect different ways of
running a part in memory. When the keys to the
right are depressed they will show up highlighted in
black on the bottom right of the CRT.

SINGLE BLOCK When depressed SINGLE BLOCK is

highlighted in black and will appear on the bottom of
the CRT. When the machine is in SINGLE BLOCK mode
only one block of the program is
executed every time the cycle start button is
depressed. Used when first test running a program
or temporarily stopping a program when it is
running.
DRY RUN Used to check machine movement without
cutting a part. In dry run the machine runs at one feed
rate. With the availability of graphics which show
visually what the machine tool path is this mode is rarely
used.

OPTION STOP When OPTION STOP is depressed program

will stop at any M01 which is in the program.
Normally M01s are placed after a tool is run in a
program. When a job is being set up the operator may
put machine in op stop mode to check dimensions after
every tool has completed cutting.
BLOCK DELETE When this button is depressed any block with
a slash (/) in it is ignored of skipped.

MDI DNC (MANUAL DATA INPUT mode) – Usually short

programs are written in MDI but are not put into memory.

DNC mode allows large programs to be drip fed from a

computer into the control.

COOLNT Turns coolant on and off manually

ORIENT SPINDLE Rotates and locks spindle to specific angle.

Used when lining up tools where spindle orientation may be
a issue such as boring heads.

ATC FWD Rotates turret to next tool and performs tool

change - also used to call up specific tools or pots. Enter tool
number (T1) and press ATC FWD.
ATC REV Rotates turret to previous tool and performs
tool change - also used to call up specific tools or pots.
Enter tool number (T1) and press ATC REV.
HAND JOG Puts machine in jog mode for set ups. Top
values (.0001, .001, .01, .1) represent distance traveled
per click of jog handle. Bottom values (.1, 1., 10., 100)
represent feed in inches/minute when jogging axis using
jog buttons.
Productivity Inc – Haas CNC TL Series Lathe Operator
Manual Page 22
ZERO RET On pressing position display becomes
highlighted in Zero Return mode.
ALL Returns all axes to machine home similar in similar
fashion as a Power Up/Restart.
ORIGIN Sets selected displays to zero or other functions.
ATC REV Rotates turret to previous tool and performs
tool change - also used to call up specific tools or pots.
Enter tool number (T1) and press ATC REV.
HAND JOG Puts machine in jog mode for set ups. Top
values (.0001, .001, .01, .1) represent distance traveled
per click of jog handle. Bottom values (.1, 1., 10., 100)
represent feed in inches/minute when jogging axis using
jog buttons.
Productivity Inc – Haas CNC TL Series Lathe Operator
Manual Page 22
ZERO RET On pressing position display becomes
highlighted in Zero Return mode.
ALL Returns all axes to machine home similar in similar
fashion as a Power Up/Restart.
ORIGIN Sets selected displays to zero or other functions.
SINGL Returns a single axis to machine home. Select
desired axis (X, Y, or Z) then press Singl axis button.
Home/G28 Rapid motion to machine home; will make a
rapid move in all axes at once - may also be used for a
rapid home in one-axis. Press axis to home then G28.
Caution must be used that extended tools, tailstock or
parts are out of the way before initiating this rapid move
to home.
LIST PROG Will bring up list of programs in a tab format.
Pressing Cancel will return you to tab at top usually MEM
or USB. Cursor to left or right for which list one wants.
Pressing Enter will open a list of programs. Cursor UP (Ù)
or DOWN (Ú) to program desired. Select the desired
programs to be moved by pressing WRITE/ENTER. This
will put a check mark beside it. F2 will copy selected
program or programs to be moved. A pop up menu will
ask where you want the selected programs to be copied.
SELECT PROG After highlighting a program from List
Program with up or down cursor pressing this button will
place the program in the Active Program Pane. This is
the program that will run the CNC machine in the
Memory mode. Use in the Edit mode in the Main Display
will enter selected program in the Main Display pane for
editing.

SEND Will send a selected program or programs out thru

RS-232 serial port

RECV Will get machine ready to receive program from

RS-232 serial port.

ERASE PROG Will erase highlighted program or

programs. A prompt will appear asking if you want to
delete selected program asking for Y/N.
IV. MACHINE CONTROL
PENDANT DISPLAY
Control functions in Haas machine tools are organized in
three modes: Setup, Edit and Operation.
Access Modes using the mode keys as follows:
Setup: ZERO RET, HAND JOG keys. Provides all control
features for machine setup.
Edit: EDIT, MDI/DNC, LIST PROG keys. Provides all
program editing, management, and transfer functions.
Operation: MEM key. Provides all control features
necessary to make a part.
Current mode is displayed at top of display.
V. PART SETUP
Jog Mode
Jog Mode allows you to jog each of the axes to a desired
location. Before jogging the axes it is necessary to home
(beginning axes reference point) the axes.

To enter jog mode press the handle jog button, then press
one of the desired axes (e.g. X, Z, etc.) and either use the
handle jog buttons or the jog handle to move the axes.
There are different increment speeds that can be used
while in jog mode they are; .0001, .001, .01 and .1.
Setting the Tool Offset
-Doing this defines the distance from the tip of the tool to
the -side of the part. Enter the Tool Geometry offset
page. This should be the first page in the offsets screens;
if not, use the page up button until the Tool Geometry
page is selected, and press X Dia. Meas.
-The control will send a prompt to enter the diameter of
the part. The control will add the diameter of the part to
the location of the X-axis.
-Next, Press the Z Face Meas. button,
-Offsetscan also be entered manually by choosing one of
the offsets pages, moving the cursor to the desired
column, typing a number and pressing Write or F1.
Pressing F1 will enter the number in the selected column.
-Enteringa value and pressing Write will add the amount
entered to the number in the selected column.
1. Load a tool into the
tool turret.

2. Press the Handle Jog

button (A)

3. Press .1/100. (B)

(The lathe will move at
a fast rate when the
handle is turned).
 Piece of paper

4. Toggle between the X and Z jog buttons until the tool is

touching the side of the part at about a 1/8 of an inch from the
front edge.

5. Place a sheet of paper between the tool and the part.

Carefully move the tool as close as possible, and still be able to
move the paper.

6. Press Ofset (C) , the Tool Geometry page should be

displayed. If not, page up until the Tool geometry page is
displayed.
7. Press X Diam. Mesur (D) the operator will then be
prompted to add the diameter of the part. This will take
the X position located in the bottom left of the screen
and the diameter of the part and put it with the position
of the tool.

8. Back off the tool from the part and move the cursor to
the Z-axis location for the tool.

9. Press Z Face Meas. (This will take the Z position

located in the bottom left of the screen and the diameter
of the part and put it the tool number position.

10. The cursor will move to the Z-axis location for the
tool.

11. Press Next Tool (F).

Setting Part (Work piece) Zero
Part Zero is a user defined reference point that the CNC
control will use to program all moves from.
1. Select Tool #1 by pressing MDI, enter “T1” and press
Turret Fwd.
2. Jog X and Z until the tool is nearly touching the part
(approximately 1/8 in. from the front of the part).
3. Place a sheet of paper between the tool and the part.
Carefully move the tool down as close as possible and still
be able to move the paper. Do not jog any further or
damage to the tool will result.
4. Set the G54 work offsets by highlighting G54 X-axis on
the Work Offsets screen. Enter the X position, located on
the bottom left, plus the diameter of the part into the X
column by using the F1 button.
5. Cursor over to the Z-axis. Enter the Z position, located
on the bottom left of the screen,
6. Repeat steps 1-5 for all the tools used in the program.
VI. INTRODUCTION TO
BASIC PROGRAMMING
A. The Cartesian Coordinate System

Vertical
Number Line –
X Axis

Horizontal number
line – Z Axis

ABSOLUTE ZERO

The first diagram we are concerned with is called a

NUMBER LINE. This number line has a reference point
zero that is called ABSOLUTE ZERO and may be placed
at any point along the line.
The number line also has numbered increments on either
side of absolute zero. Moving away from zero to the right
are positive increments. Moving away from zero to the
left are negative increments. The "+", or positive
increments, are understood, therefore no sign is needed.
We use positive and negative along with the increment's
value to indicate its relationship to zero on the line. In
the case of the previous line, if we choose to move to the
third increment on the minus (-) side of zero, we would
call for -3. If we choose the second increment in the plus
range, we would call for 2.
Our concern is with distance and direction from zero.
Remember that zero may be placed at any point along
the line, and that once placed, one side of zero has
negative increments and the other side has positive
increments.
 QUADRANT 1 is on the
Bottom Right at X+, Z+

QUADRANT 2 is on
the Bottom Left at
X+, Z-
QUADRANT 3 is on the
Top left at X-, Z-

QUADRANT 4 is on the at
Top Right X-,Z+

Operator’s working grid

MACHINE HOME AND PART ZERO

Machine home is placed at the

edge of each axes travel. In effect,
now the positive quadrant cannot be
reach, and all the X and Z will be
found to be in the X- and Z- quadrant.
Other quadrant can be obtained by
setting a new location with,
Tool Geometry and Work
Zero Offset(Part Zero)
somewhere.
 What is Absolute and Incremental
Positioning?

Absolute Positioning
- In absolute positioning, all coordinate points are
given, X and Z axis, with regard to their relationship
to a fixed part zero or and origin point. This is the
common type of positioning

-1.00 1.00

fixed part zero -2.00 2-00

3.00
 Incremental Positioning
- In incremental positioning, the move was determined
from the start point with no regard for the fixed zero
reference. The + and – signs are used in terms of direction
from the starting point, and are not defined in regards to
the zero point.

1.0 1.0 -1.00 -

0 0 1.00 start
start point
point
VII. PROGRAMMING WITH CODES

ALPHABETICAL ADDRESS CODES

The following is a list of the address codes used in
programming the CNC.
A, B, C, U, W, X, Z – Axis Motion- Specifies axis motion
(distance or angle)
D Depth of cut – Selects the depth of cut for each pass
of a stock-removal cycle.
E­Feed rate, 6 place precision (same as F) –Selects feed
rate applied to any interpolating G codes or canned
cycles.
F- Feed rate – Selects feed rate applied to any
interpolating G codes or canned cycles.
G, M - Preparatory Functions – See the chapters on G or
M codes

I, J, K - Canned cycle and circular optional data – These

address characters are used to specify data for some
canned cycles and circular motions. They are entered
either as inches or mm.

L- Loop count for repeated cycles – Specifies a repetition

count for some canned cycles and auxiliary functions.

N- Number of block – Identifies or numbers each block of

a program (optional).
O Program number/name – Used to identify a program. It
is followed by a number between 0 and 99999.
P Delay time or program number – Used to enter either a
time in seconds or a program number for a subroutine
call.
Q Canned cycle optional data – Used in canned cycles as a
positive number in inches/mm between 0 and 100.0, or to
identify the final block of a stockremoval path.
R Canned cycle and circular optional data – Defines the
reference plane for canned cycles and circular
interpolation. R is followed by a signed number between
15400.0000 and -15400.0000 for inches or between
39300.000 and -39300.000 for metric.
S Spindle speed command – Used to specify the spindle
speed or surface speed.
T Tool selection code – Used to select the tool number and
to specify the tool shift, tool geometry or tool wear
values.
OFTEN USED PREPERATORY “G” CODES
G00 – rapid traverse motion; used for non-cutting
moves of the machine in positioning quick to a location
to be machined, or rapid away to after program cuts
have been performed. Maximum rapid motion depends
on machine model.
G01 – linear interpolation motion; used for actual
machining and metal removal. Govern by a program
feed rate in inches or mm p er revolution(G99).
G02 – circular interpolation – clockwise.
G03 – circular interpolation – counterclockwise.
G28 – machine home (Rapid Traverse)
G40 – tool nose compensation CANCEL.
G41 – tool nose compensation LEFT of the program
path
G42 – tool nose compensation RIGHT of the
program path.
G50 – spindle speed maximum RPM limit
G70 – finishing cycle
G71 – OD/ID stock removal cycle
G72 – end face stock removal cycle
G76 – OD/ID thread cutting cycle
G80 – cancel canned cycle
G81 – drill canned cycle
G82 – spot drill canned cycle
G83 – peck drill canned cycle
G84 – tapping canned cycle
G96 – constant surface speed on
G97 – constant surface speed cancel
G98 – feed per minute
G99 - feed per revolution
OFTEN USED MISCILLANEOUS “M” CODES
M00 – this code is used for a program stop command on
the machine. It stops the spindle, turn off coolant and
stop look a head processing. Pressing the cycle start
again will continue the program on the next block.
m01 – this code is used for an optional program stop
command. Pressing the OPT STOP key on the control
panel signals the machine to perform a stop command
when the control reads M01.
M03 – starts the spindle forward. Must have spindle
speed defined.
M04 - starts the spindle reverse. Must have spindle
speed defined.
M05 – stop the spindle
M08 – coolant on
M09 – coolant off
M30 – program end and reset to the
beginning of the program.
M97 – local subprogram call
M98 – subprogram call
M99 – subprogram return (M98) or subroutine
return (M97)

Note: Only one “M” code can be used per

line. And the “M” codes will be the last
command executed in a line, regardless of
where is located in that line.
Machine Safety Start-up Line
This command are used to ensure that the machine is in safe
start condition before running a program.

G18 G20 G40 G54 G80 G97 G99

G18 ZX Plane Selection (Group 02)

This code indicates to the controller that programmed circular

motion G02 and G03 will be performed in the ZX plane. The
G18 plane is parallel to Z and X-axes.

G20 Select Inches / G21 Select Metric (Group 06)

The G codes G20 (inch) and G21 (mm) codes are used to
ensure that the inch/metric selection is set correctly for the
program. Selection between inch and metric programming
should be done using Setting 9.
G40 cancels G41 or G42. Programming Txx00 will also
cancel tool nose compensation. Cancel tool nose
compensation before the end of a program.

G54 is the default work coordinate system use by the

machine.

G80 Canned Cycle Cancel (Group 09*)

This G code is modal in that it deactivates all canned

cycles. Note that use of G00 or G01 will also cancel a
canned cycle.
G97 Constant Surface Speed OFF (Group 13)

This commands the control to NOT adjust the spindle

speed based on the radius of cut and used to cancel
any G96 command. When G97 is in effect, any S
command is revolution per minute (RPM).

G99 Feed Per Revolution (Group 10)

This command changes how the F address is

interpreted. The value of F indicates inches per
revolution of the spindle when Setting 9 is set to Inch,
while F indicates millimeters per revolution of the
spindle when Setting 9 is set to Metric.
THE PROGRAM’S FIRST COUPLE OF LINES:

The first line or block of program, should be a return

to machine zero (using G28 or G51 codes0). Any tool
change should be after a zero return to machine zero
or a tool change location. Although this is not
necessary it is a good safety measure.

The second line of code should apply to any

appropriate tool selection and tool geometry offset or
tool shift.

The third line may optionally contain a spindle

maximum for the tool being used.
The fourth line or block should cancel any constant
surface speed mode. And it should specify a constant
spindle speed command (S___) along with a spindle on
clockwise command (M03).

The fifth line should contain a work offset (G54), a

preparatory code (G00) for rapid command with an X
and Z location for positioning the turret, and turn on
the coolant (M08).

The sixth line may choose to, optionally specify a

constant surface speed with (G96) and a surface feet
per minute (SFM) defined with (S__) command.
Example program for start up lines:

N11 G28;

N12 T101 (O.D. TOOL X 0.031 TNR;

N13 G50 S2800;

N14 G97 S650 M03:

N15 G54 G00 X1.85 Z1. M08;

N16 G96 S315;

Machine Defaults

G00 – rapid traverse

G18 – XZ circular plane selection
G40 – cutter compensation cancel
G54 – work coordinate zero # 1
G64 – exact stop cancel
G80 – canned cycle cancel
G97 - constant surface speed cancel
G99 – feed per revolution
MACHINE CYCLES FOR LATHE
Machine Cycles for Turning and Grooving

G70 – finishing cycle

G71 – OD/ID stock removal
G72 – end face stock removal
G74 – end face grooving or Z axis turn with a chip
break cycle
G75 – OD/ID grooving or X axis turn with a chip break
cycle
G76 – thread cutting cycle Multiple pass
G90 – OD/ID turning cycle modal
G92 – thread cutting cycle modal
G94 – end face cutting cycle modal
Canned Cycle for Drilling, Tapping and Boring

G80 – canned cycle cancel

G81 – drill canned cycle
G82 – spot drill canned cycle
G83 – peck drill canned cycle
G84 – tapping canned cycle
G85 – bore in bore out canned cycle
G86 – bore in rapid out canned cycle
G87 – bore with manual retract canned cycle
G88 – bore in dwell with manual retract canned
cycle
G89 – bore in dwell bore out canned cycle
G00 Rapid Motion Positioning (Group 01)
*B B-axis motion command
*U X-axis incremental motion command
*W Z-axis incremental motion command
*X X-axis absolute motion command
*Z Z-axis absolute motion command
* indicates optional
This G code is used to move the machines axis at the
maximum speed. It is primarily used to quickly position
the machine to a given point before each feed (cutting)
command (All moves are done at full rapid speed). This G
code is modal, so a block with G00 causes all following
blocks to be rapid motion until another Group 01 code is
specified.
Programming note: Generally, rapid motion will not be in
a straight line. Each axis specified is moved at the same
speed, but all axes will not necessarily complete their
motions at the same time. The machine will wait until all
motions are complete before starting the next command.
G01 Linear Interpolation Motion (Group 01)
F Feed rate
*B B-axis motion command
*U X-axis incremental motion command
*W Z-axis incremental motion command
*X X-axis absolute motion command
*Z Z-axis absolute motion command
A Optional angle of movement (used with only one of X, Z, U,
W)
,C Distance from center of intersection where the chamfer
begins
,R Radius of the circle
This G code provides for straight line (linear) motion from point
to point. Motion can occur in 1 or 2 axes. All axes will start and
finish motion at the same time. The speed of all axes is
controlled so that the feed rate specified is achieved along the
actual path. The F address (feedrate) command is modal and
may be specified in a previous block. Only the axes specified
are moved.
G00 Rapid Movement
(positioning and departure)

G01 Linear
Interpolation
G01 Linear Interpolation Motion (Group 01) Sample
Program:

G00 X0.9106 Z0.1

(ABSOLUTE)
G01 X1.5 Z-1. F0.006
Z-3.
X2.
___________________________________________________________
G00 X0.9106 Z0.1
(INCREMENTAL)
G01 U.5894 W1.1 F0.006
W-1.9
U0.5
G02 CW Circular Interpolation Motion / G03
CCW Circular Interpolation Motion (Group
01)
F Feed rate
*I Distance along X-axis to center of circle
*K Distance along Z-axis to center of circle
*R Radius of arc
*U X-axis incremental motion command
*W Z-axis incremental motion command
*X X-axis absolute motion command
*Z Z-axis absolute motion command
,C Distance from center of intersection where the
chamfer begins
,R Radius of the circle

* indicates optional
These G codes are used to specify a circular motion (CW
or CCW) of the linear axes (Circular motion is possible in
the X and Z axes as selected by G18). The X and Z
values are used to specify the end point of the motion
and can use either absolute (U and W) or incremental
motion (X and Z). If either the X or Z is not specified, the
endpoint of the arc is the same as the starting point for
that axis.

There are two ways to specify the center of the circular

motion;

the first uses I or K to specify the distance from the

starting point to the center of the arc;

the second uses R to specify the radius of the arc

(maximum 7740 inches).
G02

G02 G03
R is used to specify the center of the circle. R is the distance
from the starting point to the center of the circle.

With a positive R, the control will generate a path of 180

degrees or less; to generate a radius of over 180 degrees,
specify a negative R. X or Z is required to specify an endpoint
if different from the starting point.

The following line will cut an arc of less than 180 degrees:

G01 X3.0 Z4.0

G02 Z-3.0 R5.0

I and K are used to specify the center of the arc. When I and
K are used, R may not be used. The I or K is the signed
distance from the starting point to the center of the circle. If
only one of I or K is specified, the other is assumed to be
zero.
G18 ZX Plane Selection (Group 02)
This code indicates to the controller that programmed
circular motion G02 and G03 will be performed in the ZX
plane. The G18 plane is parallel to Z and X-axes.
G18 is the power on default plane for the HAAS lathe.
Plane selection codes are modal and remain in effect
until another plane is selected.

G20 Select Inches / G21 Select Metric

(Group 06)
The G codes G20 (inch) and G21 (mm) codes are used to
ensure that the inch/metric selection is set correctly
for the program. Selection between inch and metric
programming should be done using Setting 9.
G28 Return To Machine Zero, set optional
G29 Reference point (Group 00)
The G28 code is used to return all axes to machine zero,
unless an axis (or axes) is specified, in which case only
that axis (or axes) is returned to machine zero. G28
cancels tool length offsets for the following lines of
code.
G40 Tool Nose Compensation Cancel
(Group 07)
*X X axis absolute location of departure target

*Z Z axis absolute location of departure target

*U X axis incremental distance to departure target

*W Z axis incremental distance to departure target

* indicates optional

G40 cancels G41 or G42. Programming Txx00 will also

cancel tool nose compensation. Cancel tool nose
compensation before the end of a program.

The tool departure usually does not correspond with a

point on the part. In many cases overcutting or
undercutting can occur.
G40
G41 Tool Nose Compensation (TNC) Left /
G42 TNC Right (Group 07)
G41 or G42 will select tool nose compensation. G41
moves the tool to the left of the programmed path to
compensate for the size of a tool and vice versa for G42.
A tool offset must be selected with a Tnnxx code,
where xx corresponds to the offsets that are to be used
with the tool.

G41 G42
G50 Spindle Speed Clamp
G50 can be used to limit the maximum spindle speed.
The control will not allow the spindle to exceed the S
address value specified in the G50 command. This is
used in constant surface feed mode (G96).

Example:
N1 G50 S3000 ; (Spindle rpm will not exceed 3000
rpm)
N2 G97 M3 ; (Enter constant surface speed cancel,
spindle on)
Work Coordinate Systems
The Haas CNC lathe control supports both YASNAC and FANUC
coordinate systems. Work coordinates together with tool offsets
can be used to position a part program anywhere within the work
area. Also see the Tool Offsets section.

G54-59 Select Coordinate System #1 - #6 FANUC (Group 12 )

These codes select one of the six user coordinate systems stored
within the offsets memory. All subsequent references to axes’
positions will be interpreted in the new coordinate system. Work
coordinate system offsets are entered from the Offsets display
page.
G70 Finishing Cycle (Group 00)
The G70 Finishing cycle can be used to finish cut
paths that are rough cut with stock removal cycles
such as G71, G72 and G73.
P Starting Block number of routine to execute
Q Ending Block number of routine to execute

G70
Programming Example
G71 P10 Q50 F.012 (rough out N10 to N50 the path)
N10
F0.014
...
N50
...
...
...
G70 P10 Q50 (finish path defined by N10 to N50)
The G70 cycle is similar to a local subprogram call. However,
the G70 requires that a beginning block number (P code)
and an ending block number (Q code) be specified.

The G70 cycle is usually used after a G71, G72 or G73 has
been performed using the blocks specified by P and Q. Any
F, S or T codes with the PQ block are effective. After
execution of the Q block, a rapid (G00) is executed
returning the machine to the start position that was saved
before the starting of the G70. The program then returns to
the block following the G70 call. A subroutine in the PQ
sequence is acceptable providing that the subroutine does
not contain a block with an N code matching the Q specified
by the G70 call. This feature is not compatible with FANUC
or YASNAC controls.
G71 O.D./I.D. Stock Removal Cycle (Group 00)
* D Depth of cut for each pass of stock removal,
positive radius
*F Feed rate to use throughout G71 PQ block
*I X-axis size and direction of G71 rough pass
allowance, radius
*K Z-axis size and direction of G71 rough pass
allowance
P Starting Block number of path to rough
Q Ending Block number of path to rough
*S Spindle speed to use throughout G71 PQ block
*T Tool and offset to use throughout G71 PQ block
*U X-axis size and direction of G71 finish
allowance, diameter
*W Z-axis size and direction of G71 finish
allowance
* R1 YASNAC select Type II roughing
* indicates optional
G71
This canned cycle roughs material on a part given the
finished part shape. Define the shape of a part by

programming the finished tool path and then use the

G71 PQ block. Any F,S or T commands on the G71 line
or

in effect at the time of the G71 is used throughout the

G71 roughing cycle. Usually a G70 call to the same PQ

block definition is used to finish the shape.

G71 Basic G Code
Example
Program Example Description
%
O0070 (G71 Roughing Cycle)
T101
G50 S2500
G97 S509 M03
G00 G54 X6. Z0.05
G96 S800
G71 P1 Q2 D0.15 U0.01 W0.005 F0.014
N1 G00 X2.
G01 Z-3. F0.006
X3.5
G03 X4. Z-3.25 R0.25
G01 Z-6.
N2 X6.
G70 P1 Q2 (FINISH PASS)
M09
G28 M05
M30
%
G71 I.D. Stock Removal Example

TOOL OFFSET RADIUS TIP

4 04 .0 0
O00088 (Example of using a G71 on an I.D.)
N2 T404 (Tool 4 Offset 4)
N3 G97 S2000 M03
N4 G54 G00 X0.7 Z0.1 M08 (Rapid to start position
below the I.D. stock diameter)
N5 G71 P6 Q10 U-0.01 W0.005 D0.08 F0.01 (U is minus
for G71 I.D. Roughing)
N6 G00 X3. (N6 is start of part path geometry defined
by P6 in G71 line)
N7 G01 Z-1.75 F0.005
N8 X1.5
N9 Z-2.25 F0.003
N10 X0.73 (N10 is end of part path geometry defined
by Q10 in G71 line)
N11 G70 P6 Q10 (G70 Defines a finish pass for lines P6
through P10)
N12 M09
N13 G28 (To send machine home for a tool change)
G72 End Face Stock Removal Cycle (Group
00)
* D Depth of cut for each pass of stock removal,
positive
* F Feed rate to use throughout G72 PQ block
* I X-axis size and direction of G72 rough pass
allowance, radius
* K Z-axis size and direction of G72 rough pass
allowance
P Starting Block number of path to rough
Q Ending Block number of path to rough
* S Spindle speed to use throughout G72 PQ block
* T Tool and offset to use throughout G72 PQ block
* U X-axis size and direction of G72 finish allowance,
diameter
* W Z-axis size and direction of G72 finish allowance
* indicates optional
This canned cycle will remove material on a part given
the finished part shape. It is similar to G71 but
removes along the face of a part. Define the shape of a
part by programming the finished tool path and then
use the G72 PQ block. Any F,S or T commands on the
G72 line or in effect at the time of the G72 is used
throughout the G72 roughing cycle. Usually a G70 call
to the same PQ block definition is used to finish the
shape.
G72 End Face Stock Removal Cycle
Program Example Description

%
00722 (G72 Roughing Cycle)
T101
S1000 M03
G00 G54 X2.1 Z0.1
G72 P1 Q2 D0.06 I0.02 K0.01 U0.0 W0.01 S1100 F0.015
N1 G01 Z-0.46 X2.1 F0.005
X2.
G03 X1.9 Z-0.45 R0.2
G01 X1.75 Z-0.4
G02 X1.65 Z-.4 R0.06
G01 X1.5 Z-0.45
G03 X1.3 Z-0.45 R0.12
G01 X1.17 Z-0.41
G02 X1.03 Z-0.41 R0.1
G01 X0.9 Z-0.45
G03 X0.42 Z-0.45 R0.19
G03 X0.2 Z-0.3 R0.38
N2 G01 X0.01 Z0
G70 P1 Q2 (Finish Pass)
M05
G28
M30
%
G75 O.D./I.D. Grooving Cycle (Group 00)
* D Tool clearance when returning to starting
plane, positive
* F Feed rate
* I X-axis size of increment between pecks in
a cycle (radius measure)
* K Z-axis size of increment between peck
cycles
* U X-axis incremental distance to total
pecking depth
W Z-axis incremental distance to furthest
peck cycle, signed
* X X-axis absolute location total pecking
depth, signed diameter
Z Z-axis absolute location to furthest peck
cycle, signed
* indicates optional
The G75 canned cycle can be used for grooving an
outside diameter. When an Z, or W, code is added to a
G75
block and Z is not the current position, then a
minimum of two pecking cycles will occur. One at the
current
location and another at the Z location. The K code is
the incremental distance between Z axis pecking
cycles.
Adding a K will perform multiple, evenly spaced,
grooves. If the distance between the starting position
and the
total depth (Z) is not evenly divisible by K then the last
interval along Z will be less than K. Note that chip
clearance is defined by Setting 22.
Single pass grooving
Program Example Description
%
O0075
T101
G97 S750 M03
G00 X4.1 Z0.05 (Rapid to Clear
position)
G01 Z-0.75 F0.05 (Feed to Groove location)
G75 X3.25 I0.1 F0.01 (O.D./I.D. Peck grooving
single pass)
G00 X5. Z0.1
G28
M30
%
Multi pass grooving
Program Example Description
%
O0075
T101
G97 S750 M03
G00 X4.1 Z0.05 (Rapid to Clear position)
G01 Z-0.75 F0.05 (Feed to Groove location)
G75 X3.25 Z-1.75 I0.1 K0.2 F0.01 (O.D./I.D. Peck groove
multiple pass)
G00 X5. Z0.1
G28
M30
%
G76 Threading Cycle, Multiple Pass (Group
00)
* A Tool nose angle (value: 0 to 120 degrees) Do not use a
decimal point
D First pass cutting depth
F(E) Feed rate, the lead of the thread
* I Thread taper amount, radius measure
K Thread height, defines thread depth, radius measure
* P Single Edge Cutting (load constant)
* Q Thread Start Angle (Do not use a decimal point)
* U X-axis incremental distance, start to maximum thread
Depth Diameter
* W Z-axis incremental distance, start to maximum thread
length
* X X-axis absolute location, maximum thread Depth
Diameter
* Z Z-axis absolute location, maximum thread length
* indicates optional
The G76 canned cycle can be used for
threading both straight or tapered (pipe)
threads.
The height of the thread is defined as the
distance from the crest of thread to the root
of the thread. The
calculated depth of thread (K) will be the
value of K less the finish allowance (Setting
86, Thread Finish Allowance)
is this amount.
The depth of the first cut through the thread is
specified in D. The depth of the last cut through the
thread can be controlled with Setting 86.
The tool nose angle for the thread is specified in A.
The value can range from 0 to 120 degrees. If A is
not used, 0 degrees is assumed.
The F code specifies the feed rate for threading. It is
always good programming practice to specify G99
(feed per revolution) prior to a threading canned
cycle. The F code also indicates the thread pitch or
lead.
At the end of the thread an optional chamfer
is performed. The size and angle of the
chamfer is controlled with
Setting 95 (Thread Chamfer Size) and Setting
96 (Thread Chamfer Angle). The chamfer size
is designated in
number of threads, so that if 1.000 is
recorded in Setting 95 and the feed rate
is .05, then the chamfer will be .05. A chamfer
can improve the appearance and functionality
of threads that must be machined up to a
shoulder.
Program Example:
%
T101
G50 S2500 (Set max RPM select tool
geometry)
G97 S1480 M03 (Spindle on select tool one
offset one)
G54 G00 X3.1 Z0.5 M08 (Select work coord.
and rapid to reference point, coolant on)
G96 S1200 (Constant surface speed ON)
G01 Z0 F0.01 (Position to part Z0)
X-0.04
G00 X3.1 Z0.5
G71P1 Q10 U0.035 W0.005 D0.125 F0.015
(Define roughing cycle)
N1 X0.875 Z0 (Begin tool path)
N2 G01 X1. Z-0.075 F0.006
N3 Z-1.125
N4 G02 X1.25 Z-1.25 R0.125
N5 G01 X1.4
N6 X1.5 Z-1.3
N7 Z-2.25
N8 G02 X1.9638 Z-2.4993 R0.25
N9 G03X2.0172 Z-2.5172 R0.0325
N10G01 X3. Z-3.5 (End tool path)
G00 Z0.1 M09
G28
N20 (Thread sample program HAAS SL-Series FANUC
System)
T505
G50 S2000
G97 S1200 M03 (Threading tool)
G00 X1.2 Z0.3 M08 (Rapid to position)
G76 X0.913 Z-0.85 K0.042 D0.0115 F0.0714 (Threading
cycle)
G00X1.5 Z0.5 G28 M09
N30 (HAAS SL-Series FANUC System)
T404
G50 S2500
G97 S1200 M03 (Groove tool)
G54 G00 X1.625 Z0.5 M08
G96 S800
G01 Z-1.906 F0.012
X1.47 F0.006
X1.51
W0.035
G01 W-0.035 U-0.07
G00 X1.51
W-0.035
G01 W0.035 U-0.07
X1.125
G01 X1.51
G00 X3. Z0.5 M09
G28
M30
%
G80 Canned Cycle Cancel (Group 09*)
This G code is modal in that it deactivates all canned
cycles. Note that use of G00 or G01 will also cancel a
canned cycle.
G81 Drill Canned Cycle (Group 09)
F Feed Rate
*L Number of repeats
R Position of the R plane
*W Z-axis incremental distance
*X Optional X-axis motion command
*Z Position of bottom of hole
* indicated optional
G81 Drill Canned Cycle
G82 Spot Drill Canned Cycle (Group 09)
F Feed Rate
*L Number of repeats
P The dwell time at the bottom of the hole
R Position of the R plane
W Z-axis incremental distance
*X X-axis motion command
*Z Position of bottom of hole
•indicates optional
This G code is modal in that it activates the canned
cycle until it is canceled or another canned cycle is
selected. Once activated, every motion of X will cause
this canned cycle to be executed.
G82 Spot Drill Canned Cycle
G83 Normal Peck Drilling Canned Cycle
(Group 09)
F Feed Rate
*I size of first cutting depth
*J amount to reduce cutting depth each pass
*K minimum depth of cut
*L Number of repeats
*P The dwell time at the bottom of the hole
*Q The cut-in value, always incremental
R Position of the R plane
*W Z-axis incremental distance
*X X-axis motion command
*Z Position of bottom of hole
* indicates optional
G83 Peck Drilling Canned Cycle