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Event De prog Chapter 1 - Software development

dtu university

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14 views17 pages

Event De prog Chapter 1 - Software development

dtu university

Uploaded by

alemunuruhak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER ONE

Rapid Application Development 1


1.1 INTRODUCTION
 Software development
 Also known as application development, software design
 It may refer to the activity of computer programming, which
is the process of writing and maintaining the source code.
 But in broader sense of the term, it includes requirement
analysis, development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-
engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that
result in software product.
 The need for quality control of software development
process has given rise to the discipline of software
engineering.
 Software engineering aims to apply systematic approach in
2
software development process.
1.2 SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES
 There are different software development
methodologies.
 They are used to structure and control the process of
developing an information system
 Common Methodologies includes

 Waterfall
 Prototyping
 Iterative and incremental,
 Spiral
 Rapid Application Development (RAD)
 Extreme programming 3
CONT’D …
 Most methodologies share some combination of the following
stages of software development
 Gathering requirements
 Analyzing the problem
 Design
 Implementation (coding) of the software
 Testing the software
 Deployment
 Maintenance and bug fixing

 These stages are often called “Software Development lifecycle


(SDLC).
 The main idea of SDLC has been “to pursue the development of
information systems in a very deliberate, structured and
methodical way 4
SDLC … CONT’D

There are, however, some fundamental development activities


that are well understood and common to most approaches. In very
broad terms:
 Analysis
 involves understanding the problem which the software is
intended to solve, i.e., the requirements in context, with
validation as the means to check that understanding.
 Design
 involves describing, conceptually, a software solution that
meets the requirements of the problem.
 Implementation
5
 involves realising such a solution in software.
CONT’D …
 Testing
 involves making sure that the solution has
certain inherent qualities, with verification as
a means to check its adequacy with respect to
the specified requirements and validation as a
means to check that the solution does
address the problem.
 Deployment
 involves making the developed solution
available in its context of operation and use.
6
1.3 SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
APPROACHES
Different software development
approaches follow different software
development life cycle.
Each approaches have their own
advantages and disadvantages
The most common ones are
1.Software Development Life Cycle
Methodologies
2.Agile Methodology
7
CONT’D …
 There are different Models under these
Methodologies
I. Software development life cycle
 Waterfall
 Spiral
 Incremental
 Prototyping
 Rapid application development (RAD)
II. Agile Methodology
 Extreme Programming
 Adaptive Software Development (ASD)

8
CONT’D …
As we have said, different approaches follow
different SDLC.
For example
 Waterfall Development
 Project is divided into sequential phases
 Each phase carried out in turn. (One after another in
sequence)
 More structured approach which attempts to assess the
majority of risks and develop a detailed plan for the
software before implementation (coding)
 Avoid significant design changes and re-coding in later
stages of SDLC 9
CONT’D …
 Extreme
 SDLC repeated over various cycles or iterations
 Spent less time on planning and documentation
 More time spent on coding and
 They promote continuous testing throughout the development
lifecycle
 Prototyping
 Works with the creation of prototypes
 Prototypes are – incomplete versions of the software
being developed
 It is not a complete development methodology by itself.
 It is an approach to handle part of a large development
methodologies ( i.e. RAD, incremental, spiral … )
 A prototype may evolve to a final working system
10
CONT’D
 Incremental Development
 Combines linear and iterative methodologies
 The basic principles are
 A series of mini-waterfalls are performed, where all phases of the waterfall are
completed for a small part of a system, before proceeding to the next increment
 Used in large software development projects
 breaking a project into smaller segments
 It’s primary objective is to reduce inherent project risk by breaking down a project
in to smaller segments
 Spiral development
 Combines elements of design and prototyping -in-stages

11
CONT’D …
 The best approach to choose also often
depends on the type of problem
 If the problem is well understood and a solution can
be effectively planned out ahead of time, the best
approach will be ______________________
 If the problem is unique and the structure of the
software solution cannot be easily envisioned, the
best approach to choose is ______________

12
1.4 RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (RAD)
 RAD is a software development methodology that
uses minimal planning in favor of rapid prototyping.
 The ‘planning’ is interleaved with writing the software
itself
 Is a software development methodology, which
involves
 Iterative development and
 The rapid construction of prototypes instead of large
amounts of up-front planning
 Lacks extensive pre-planning
 This allows software to be written much faster.
13
RAD METHODOLOGY
 The basic principles are
 Breaking project into smaller segments and
providing more ease-of-change during the
development process.
 Aims to produce high quality systems quickly
primarily via, Iterative prototyping, Active user
involvement, Computerized development tools

 RAD Methodology divides the total process into


4 phases
 Requirement planning phase
 Design phase
 Development phase
 Cutover
14
RAD - TOOLS …. CONT’D
 Development tools may include
 Graphical user interface builders
 Code generators
 Fourth generation programming languages
 Database Management Systems (DBMS)

15
ANALYSIS METHODOLOGIES
TO DESIGN RAD
 Use case Diagram : used to portray the system
 Sequence Diagram: used to display process flow
 Class Diagram: is used to show identified objects and
relationships

 It includes joint application development (JAD)


 Users are intensely involved in the system design

16
TOOLS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND
DESIGN OF RAD
 Visio
 Microsoft Access
 A database software

 Visual C# Software : enables RAD applications


 access to database using data access objects,
 Design Graphical User Interface using – Forms, textboxes,
buttons
 Microsoft Visual Studio
 Used to develop computer programs for Microsoft Windows

17

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