PHYSICS – Work, Energy and Power

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Work, work, work
……
Work, work, work
……

Work is done
when the
application of a
force results in
movement.
 When a force
moves an

Work, work, work

object it does
work and
energy is
…… transferred to
the object.

Energy
supplied

Work done

Energy
transferred
 When a force
moves an

Work, work, work

object it does
work and
energy is
…… transferred to
the object.

Energy
supplied

Work done

Energy
transferred

Amount of energy transferred (J) = Work done

(J)
Work, work, work
……
When a force
moves an
object it does
work and
energy is
transferred
to the object.

Work done = force x distance moved in the direction of

the force
= energy transferred
W=Fxd
E=Fxd
 Work
• Work is done whenever a force
makes something move.
 Work
• Work is done whenever a force
makes something move.
• The greater the force, and the
greater the distance moved, the
more work is done.
 Work
• Work is done whenever a force
makes something move.
• The greater the force, and the
greater the distance moved, the
more work is done.
• When work is done energy is
transferred from one form into
another.
 Work
Work done = force x distance

W = F x d

Work is measured in Joules

 Work
Work done = force x distance

Eg. if a 4 N force moves a distance of 3m

W = 4 x 3 = 12 J

Exercise TB page 460 Q 1- 6

 Work
Work

Force
W
F d
Distance
 Work
Work W=F x
d

Force
W
F d
Distance
 Work
Work W=F x
d

Force
W F= W
d

F d
Distance
 Work
Work W=F x
d

Force
W F= W
d

F d d= W
F
Distance
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Energy

• Stored ability is known as potential

energy.
Potential energy Example

Elastic potential Stretch or compressed

energy spring
Due to the object’s
Gravitational potential
position above the
energy
ground.
• Potential energy can be transferred into
kinetic energy and kinetic energy also can
be transferred into potential energy.
Energy changes in the swing of
a pendulum.
Calculate potential energy (p.e) Examples
and kinetic energy (k.e.)

p.e. = mg

1. Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained

when a 5 kg mass is lifted 2m.

k.e. =

2. Calculate the kinetic energy of a 2 kg ball rolling at

2m/s.
Different forms of energy

Energy Description

Elastic potential Stretch or compressed

energy spring
Due to the object’s
Gravitational potential
position above the
energy
ground.
Energy stored in fuel,
Chemical energy explosives and
batteries.
Stored in extremely
strong bonds between
Nuclear energy
particles of which
nucleus is made.
Splitting a nucleus can release a lot of
The atoms in hot object vibrate more
because the have more energy.
Forms of Kinetic k.e. =
energy
Kinetic Energy Description
Contained within an object
and makes the difference
Internal energy (heat)
between the object being hot
or cold.
Electric current carry electrical
energy from places. This can
Electrical energy
easily be turned into kinetic or
internal energy.
Carried in light energy, this
will usually be turned into
Light energy
internal energy in most object.
(can generate electricity)
Carried very small amount of
energy from the source of
noise. The source vibrates,
Sound waves
setting air particles around it
into vibration. (longitudinal
A solar cell transfers light energy
into electrical energy.
 Transfer of energy can be efficient
Transfer of energy (kinetic energy and electrical energy)
and inefficient (internal energy).
Conservation of
energy

mgh = m
 Calculation by using Law of Examples
conversation of Energy

A stone is thrown vertically upward and reaches a

height of 6 m above the hand of the thrower. What
speed was the stone travelling at when it left the
person’s hand?

Information given: Height only

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Power

power = work
done
time
taken
1000 W
P == 1 or
W/t kilowatt
P=/t
(kW)
Power -The rate of
doing work or the
rate of transferring
energy.
 Power Calculation
examples

The weightlifter in the picture is

pressing the weight above his head
50cm each time.
a) The weightlifter spends 3 minutes doing 60 lifts of 45 kg. Work out his power output.

convert the time to seconds, = 3 x 60 = 180s

work done = force x distance = 60 x 45 x 10 x 0.5 = 13 500 J

power = work done / time taken = 13 500 / 180 = 75 W

 Power Calculation
examples

The weightlifter in the picture is

pressing the weight above his head
50cm each time.
b) Work out the weightlifter’s total power output if he does 3 sets of 10 lifts with 70kg in 5
minutes.

convert the time to seconds, = 5 x 60 = 300s

work done = force x distance = (3 x 10) x 70 x 10 x 0.5 = 10 500 J

power = work done / time taken = 10 500 / 300 = 35 W

 Power Calculation
examples

The weightlifter in the picture is

pressing the weight above his head
50cm each time.
d) The weightlifter’s maximum power output is 100 W. At maximum power, how many
times can he lift 80kg in 4 minutes?

convert the time to seconds, = 4 x 60 = 240s

power = work done / time taken 100 = (n x 80 x 10 x 0.5) / 240

100 = (n x 400) / 240 100 x 240 = n x 400

(100 x 240) / 400 = n n = 24 000 / 400 = 60 reps

 Examples

A crane lifts a 100 kg girder for a skyscraper by 20 m

in 40 s. Hence does 20 000 J of work in 40 S. Calculate
its power over this time.
 Examples

A student with a weight of 600 N runs up the flight of

stairs, a distance of 5 m, in 6 s. Calculate the student’s
power.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Energy resources

Cognito Physics playlist

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGwcDCeYRYo&list=PLidqqIGKox7UVC-8WC9djoeBzwxPeXp
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