Computer

Applications
Mohib Ullah Khan

mohibkhan483@gmail.com
1
 Book
2  Discovering Computers Fundamentals by Shelly,
Cashman 4th Edition
 Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton, 6th
International Edition
Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2010 Edition
Living in a Digital World
 4 Objectives Overview

Define system Summarize the

software and Describe the features of
identify the two functions of an several stand-
types of system operating system alone operating
software systems

Explain the
Identify various Briefly describe
purpose of
server operating several embedded
several utility
systems operating systems
programs
 5 System Software
 System software consists of the programs that control or maintain
the operations of the computer and its devices

Operatin Utility
g Program
systems s
 6 Operating Systems
 An operating system (OS) is a set of
programs containing instructions that work
together to coordinate all the activities
among computer hardware resources
Start and Provide a Manage
shut down a user
computer interface programs

Manage Coordin Configur

memory ate tasks e devices
7 Operating Systems
 8 Operating System

Functions
The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting

Warm
Cold boot
boot
•Turning on •Using the
a computer operating
that has
been
system to
powered off restart a
completely computer
 9 Operating System

Functions
An operating system includes various shut down options

Sleep mode saves any open Hibernate saves any

documents and programs to open documents and
RAM, turns off all unneeded
functions, and then places
programs to a hard disk
the computer in a low-power before removing power
state from the computer
 10 Operating System
Functions
 A user interface
controls how you
enter data and
instructions and
how information
is displayed on
the screen
 With a graphical
user interface
(GUI), you
interact with
menus and visual
images
 11 Operating System

Functions
With a command-line interface, a user uses the keyboard to enter
data and instructions
12 Operating System
Functions
 13 Operating System
Functions
 Memory management optimizes the use of
RAM
 Virtual memory is a portion of a storage
medium functioning as additional RAM
 Windows ReadyBoost can allocate up to 4
GB of removable flash memory devices as
additional memory cache
 14 Operating System

Functions
The operating system determines the order in which tasks are
processed
 15 Operating System
Functions
A driver is a small Plug and Play
program that tells automatically
the operating system configures new
how to communicate devices as you
with a specific device install them
 16 Operating System

Functions
Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet
connections
 17 Operating System

Functions
A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports
information about various computer resources and devices
 18 Operating System

Functions
Operating systems often provide users with the capability of:

Managi Searchin Viewing

ng files g for files images

Securing a Uninstallin Cleaning

computer g programs up disks
Backing up
Defragmen Diagnosing
 19 Operating System

Functions
Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program
 20 Operating System
Functions
 Some operating  A network
systems are administrator uses
designed to work the server
with a server on a operating system
network to:
 A server  Add and remove
operating system users, computers,
and other devices
organizes and
 Install software and
coordinates how
administer network
multiple users
security
access and share
resources on a
 21 Operating System
Functions
 Each user has a
user account
 A user name, or
user ID, identifies
a specific user
 A password is a
private combination
of characters
associated with the
user name
22 Types of Operating
Systems
 23 Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
 A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that
works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile
computing device

Window Mac OS
s Vista X

UNIX Linux
24 Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
 25 Stand-Alone Operating

Systems
The Macintosh operating system has set the standard for operating
system ease of use
 Latest version is Mac OS X
26 Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
UNIX is a multitasking
operating system
developed in the early
1970s
Linux is an open-source,
popular, multitasking
UNIX-type operating
system
 27 Server Operating Systems

Windows
Server 2008 UNIX

Linux Solaris
 28 Embedded Operating
Systems
 An embedded operating system resides on
a ROM chip on a mobile device or consumer
electronic device
Windows Window
Embedded
CE s Mobile

iPhone
Palm OS
 29 Utility Programs
 A utility program is a type of system software that allows a user to
perform maintenance-type tasks
 30 Utility Programs
 A file manager is a
utility that performs
functions related to file
management
 Displaying a list of files
 Organizing files in
folders
 Copying, renaming,
deleting, moving, and
sorting files and folders
 Creating shortcuts
 31 Utility Programs
 A search utility is a program that attempts to locate a file on your
computer based on criteria you specify
 32 Utility Programs
 An uninstaller
removes a
program, as well
as any associated
entries in the
system files
 An image viewer
allows users to
display, copy, and
print the contents
of a graphics file
 33 Utility Programs
 A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files
 Downloaded program
files
 Temporary Internet
files
 Deleted files
 Unused program
files
 34 Utility Programs
 A disk defragmenter reorganizes the
files and unused space on a computer’s
hard disk so that the operating system
accesses data more quickly and
programs run faster
 Defragmenting
 35 Utility Programs
 A backup utility
allows users to
copy files to
another storage
medium
 A restore utility
reverses the
process and
returns backed up
files to their
original form
 36 Utility Programs
 A screen saver  A personal
causes a display firewall detects
device’s screen to and protects a
show a moving personal computer
image or blank from unauthorized
screen if no intrusions
activity occurs for
a specified time
 37 Utility Programs

A virus describes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a

computer negatively

A worm copies itself A Trojan horse hides An antivirus program

repeatedly in memory within or looks like a protects a computer
or over a network legitimate program against viruses
38 Utility Programs
 39 Utility Programs
Spyware is a program placed Adware displays an
on a computer without the
user’s knowledge that
online advertisement
secretly collects information in a banner or pop-up
about the user window
•A spyware •An adware
remover detects remover is a
and deletes program that
spyware and other detects and
similar programs deletes adware
 40 Utility Programs
 Filters are programs that remove or block certain items from being
displayed

Anti-spam Web
programs filters

Phishin Pop-up
g filters blockers
 41 Utility Programs
 A file compression utility shrinks the size
of a file(s)
 Compressing files frees up room on the storage
media
 Compressed files sometimes are called
zipped files
 Can be uncompressed
 42 Utility Programs
 A media player allows you to view images and animation, listen to
audio, and watch video files on your computer
 43 Utility Programs
 Disc burning
software writes
text, graphics,
audio, and video
files on a
recordable or
rewritable optical
disc
44 Utility Programs
 A personal
computer
maintenance utility
identifies and fixes
operating system
problems, detects and
repairs disk problems,
and includes the
capability of
improving a
computer’s
performance
 45 Summary

Definition of Functions
common to most
an operating operating
system systems

Variety of stand-alone
operating systems,
Several
server operating
systems, and embedded
utility
operating systems programs
Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2010 Edition
Living in a Digital World

Chapter 7 Complete