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Domain Name

A domain name is a text string that maps to an IP address, allowing users to access websites easily. Domain names are managed by registries and registrars, with over 300 million currently registered. The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses and is organized hierarchically into various types, including top-level domains (TLDs) and sub-domains.

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14 views12 pages

Domain Name

A domain name is a text string that maps to an IP address, allowing users to access websites easily. Domain names are managed by registries and registrars, with over 300 million currently registered. The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses and is organized hierarchically into various types, including top-level domains (TLDs) and sub-domains.

Uploaded by

aadhiatchuvishali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Domain Name

What is a domain name?

A domain name is a string of text that maps to an


alphanumeric IP address, used to access a website from client software.
In plain English, a domain name is the text that a user types into
a browser window to reach a particular website. For instance, the domain
name for Google is ‘google.com’.
Assume that the IP address of www.yahoo.com is 69.147.76.15.
It is easy to remember www.yahoo.com as compared to IP address
69.147.76.15.
The domain name refers to the string of letters associated with an
IP address and DNS is a mechanism used to convert an IP address to the
domain name. This process is known as a DNS lookup.
Who manages domain names?

Domain names are managed by domain registries, which allot


the reservation of domain names to registrars.

Anyone who wants to create a website can register a domain


name with a registrar, and there are currently over 300 million registered
domain names.
How Domain Name Works??

When the domain name is entered in your web browser, a


request is sent to the global network of servers that form the Domain
Name System (DNS), which is like a phonebook of the internet.

The server then searches the name servers related to the domain
and forwards the request to the name servers. The name servers are big
computers, which are managed by hosting companies.

The hosting company forwards the request to the web server


where your site is stored. The web server fetches the requested web page
or information and forwards it to the browser.
The Domain Names System is managed by Internet Corporation
for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).

It is a non-profit organization that creates and implements the


policies for domain names.
Types of Domain Names:

DNS has organized all the domain names in a hierarchical


structure. At the top of this hierarchy come various Top-level domains
followed by second and third-level domains and sub-domains. All these
types of domain names are listed as follows

Top Level Domains (TLD):

The Top Level Domains are at the highest level in DNS


structure of the Internet. It is sometimes also referred to as an extension.
It is further categorized into- country code TLDs and generic
TLDs which Country is described as follows
Country code Top Level Domain (ccDLDs):

It consists of two-letter domains that include one entry for


every country.
Example: .in for India,
.au for Australia,
.us for United Nations,
.jp for Japan etc.
To target the local audience it is used by companies and
organizations .
Only the residents of the country are allowed to is their
specified ccTLD but now some countries allowed the users outside their
country to register their corresponding ccTLDs.
Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs):

These are open for registration to all the users regardless of


their citizenship, residence or age.

Some of the gTLD s are


.com for commercial sites,
.net for network companies,
.biz for business,
.org for organizations,
.edu for education.
There are various other levels which are below TLDs –
Second Level :
It is just below the TLD in the DNS hierarchy. It is also
named as the label.
Example: in .co.in, .co is the second-level domain under
the .in in ccTLD.
Third Level :
It is directly below the second level.
Example: in yahoo.co.in, .yahoo is the third level domain
under the second level domain .co which is under the .in ccTLD.
What are Sub-Domains
You can divide your domain into many sub domains based on
your requirement.
If you are doing multiple business using the same domain, then
it would be useful to have sub-domains for every business.
Some of them are as follows
 adwords.google.com − This sub domain is being used for Google
Adwords.
 groups.google.com − This sub domain is being used for Google
Groups.
 images.google.com − This sub domain is being used for Google
Images.
Advantages of Domain Name :

1. User not need to remember the IP address.


2. More reliable and secure.
Disadvantages of Domain Name :

3. IP address changes due to several reasons, due to this IP address of


the computer get changed but DNS may have cached previous IP
which will lead to give us wrong information.
What is the difference between a domain name and a URL?

A uniform resource locator (URL), sometimes called a web


address, contains the domain name of a site as well as other
information, including the protocol and the path.
For example, in the URL ‘https://cloudflare.com/learning/’,
‘cloudflare.com’ is the domain name, while ‘https’ is the protocol and
‘/learning/’ is the path to a specific page on the website.

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