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The ESP32 is a low-cost, low-power microcontroller developed by Espressif, featuring Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, a dual-core processor, and a variety of I/O interfaces. It is popular for its efficient power consumption, rich connectivity options, and support for multiple programming languages. The ESP32 is significant in medical electronics for enabling wireless connectivity, low power consumption, and support for various sensors in biomedical applications.

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10 views13 pages

L1

The ESP32 is a low-cost, low-power microcontroller developed by Espressif, featuring Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, a dual-core processor, and a variety of I/O interfaces. It is popular for its efficient power consumption, rich connectivity options, and support for multiple programming languages. The ESP32 is significant in medical electronics for enabling wireless connectivity, low power consumption, and support for various sensors in biomedical applications.

Uploaded by

Indu Bala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECE122

L1
Introduction
• The ESP32 is a series of low-cost and low-power System on a Chip
(SoC) microcontrollers.

• Developed by Espressif that include Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless


capabilities and dual-core processor.
Why are they so popular?
• Low-Cost
• Low-Power
- Consumes very less power
- Supports low-power mode like deep sleep to save power
• Wi-Fi Features:
- Station Mode (where it can connect to a Wi-Fi network)
- Access Point Mode (creates its own Wi-Fi wireless
network so other devices can connect to it)
Why are they so popular?
• Bluetooth Functionality
- Bluetooth classic
- BLE
• Dual Core
- Comes with 2 Xtensa 32-bit LX6 microprocessors: Core 0 and Core 1.
• Rich I/O interfaces
- Supports a wide variety of input (read data from the outside world)
- Output (to send commands/signals to the outside world) peripherals like
capacitive touch, ADCs, DACs, UART, SPI, I2C, PWM, and much more.
• Programming Language
- Arduino Programming Language
- MicroPython
Difference between Bluetooth Classic and
BLE
Feature Bluetooth Classic Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)

Purpose High-bandwidth, continuous connections Low-power, intermittent connections

Extremely low, optimized for battery


Power Consumption Higher, less efficient
use

Data Rate Up to ~3 Mbps (with Enhanced Data Rate) Up to ~1 Mbps

Range Typically ~10 meters (varies with setup) Similar, but can be extended in BLE

Connection Requires pairing, stable connection Quick setup, supports advertising

Latency Higher latency Very low latency

Audio devices, file transfers, serial IoT sensors, fitness trackers, smart
Use Cases
communication devices
Question
• In ESP32 , ESP stands for?
• Two salient features of ESP32?
• Name the company that has developed ESP32?
• How many processors ESP32 contain?
• Name wireless features of ESP32.
• Differentiate between Station mode and Access Point mode of ESP32
Memory
• ROM: 448 KB (for booting and core functions)
• SRAM: 520 KB (for data and instructions)
• RTC fast SRAM: 8 KB (for data storage and main CPU during RTC Boot from the deep-sleep mode)
• RTC slow SRAM: 8KB (for co-processor accessing during deep-sleep mode)
• eFuse in ESP32: In the ESP32 microcontroller, eFuse (electronic fuse) is a one-time programmable
memory used for storing critical system settings and security-related information. These settings cannot
be modified after being programmed (depending on the configuration), ensuring system integrity and
security.
• Embedded flash: It is a type of non-volatile memory that is integrated directly into a microcontroller
(MCU), system-on-chip (SoC), or other embedded systems. It is used for storing firmware, application
code, configuration settings, and other persistent data.
Input/ Output pins
Input/ Output pins
Main Differences Between ESP32 and ESP8266
• The ESP32 adds an
• Extra CPU core
• faster
• Wi-Fi
• More GPIOs, and
• Supports Bluetooth 4.2 and Bluetooth low energy.
• Additionally, the ESP32 comes with touch-sensitive pins that can be
used to wake up the ESP32 from deep sleep, and
built-in hall effect sensor.
Significance of ESP32 in Medical Electronics
1. Wireless Connectivity for Remote Monitoring
Wi-Fi & Bluetooth: Enables real-time patient monitoring and wireless data transmission to cloud-
based systems.
BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy): Used for wearable medical devices like heart rate monitors and
pulse oximeters.
IoT Integration: Connects medical devices to cloud platforms for telemedicine and predictive
healthcare analytics.
•Example Applications:
✅ Remote ECG/EKG monitoring
✅ Wireless temperature and glucose monitoring
✅ Wearable health devices (e.g., fitness bands, smartwatches)
2. Low Power Consumption for Battery-
Powered Devices
Deep Sleep & Ultra-Low Power Modes: Extends battery life for wearable and
implantable medical devices.
Efficient Processing: Reduces energy consumption while handling real-time
sensor data.
Example Applications:
✅ Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems
✅ Wearable sleep monitors
✅ Portable pulse oximeters
3. Multiple Sensor Support for Biomedical
Applications
Built-in ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter): Reads signals from medical
sensors.
I2C, SPI, UART Interfaces: Connects to biosensors, temperature sensors, and
other medical hardware.
Capacitive Touch Sensors: Can be used for touch-based medical interfaces or
gesture control in medical equipment.
 Example Applications:
✅ Heart rate and SpO2 (Oxygen saturation) measurement
✅ Temperature sensing for fever detection
✅ Electromyography (EMG) muscle activity monitoring

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