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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

GROUP 4
BSBA (HRM) 1-E
 REMINDERS:
• RESPECT
• LISTEN AND LEARN
• BE ATTENTIVE AND PARTICIPATIVE
• SIT BACK AND RELAX
 ICE BREAKER #1
WHO FOUNDED THE KATIPUNAN?

A) AMILIO C) ANDRES
AGUINALDO BONIFACIO
B) JOSE RIZAL D) EMILIO JACINTO
 ICE BREAKER #1
ANSWER
A) AMILIO C) ANDRES
AGUINALDO BONIFACIO
B) JOSE RIZAL D) EMILIO JACINTO
 ICE BREAKER #2
IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE
KATIPUNAN FOUNDEDED?
A) 1892 C) 1898
B) 1896 D) 1901
 ICE BREAKER #2
ANSWER
A) 1892 C) 1898

B) 1896 D) 1901
 ICE BREAKER #3
WHO WROTE THE KARTILYA NG
KATIPUNAN?
A) ANDRES C) EMILIO JACINTO
BONIFACIO
B) EMILIO D) APOLINARIO
AGUINALDO MABINI
 ICE BREAKER #3
ANSWER
A) ANDRES C) EMILIO JACINTO
BONIFACIO
B) EMILIO D) APOLINARIO
AGUINALDO MABINI
 ICE BREAKER #4
WHAT WAS THE PRIMARY PURPOSE
OF THE KATIPUNAN?
A) TO GAIN INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN
B) TO PROMOTE FILIPINO CULTURE
C) TO TRADE WITH OTHER NATIONS
D) TO SPREAD CATHOLICISM
 ICE BREAKER #4
ANSWER
A) TO GAIN INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN
B) TO PROMOTE FILIPINO CULTURE
C) TO TRADE WITH OTHER NATIONS
D) TO SPREAD CATHOLICISM
 ICE BREAKER #5
WHICH SYMBOL WAS USED AS THE
EMBLEM OF THE KATIPUNAN?
A) A LION
B) A SUN WITH A FACE
C) A TRIANGLE WITH AN EYE
D) A FLAG WITH THREE K’S
 ICE BREAKER #5
ANSWER
A) A LION
B) A SUN WITH A FACE
C) A TRIANGLE WITH AN EYE
D) A FLAG WITH THREE K’S
KKK AND KARTILYA
NG KATIPUNAN
 What is it?
• The Katipunan - also known as (Kataas-taasang,
Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan or KKK) was a revolutionary society founded
in the Philippines by anti-Spanish colonialism
Filipinos in 1892.
• Emilio Jacinto’s Kartilya ng Katipunan, an ethical
guide for the Philippine revolution, promoting
righteous living, equality, justice, and patriotism and
played a crucial role in fostering Filipino identity and
national unity against Spanish rule. Its principles of
 Introduction
• In July 03, 1892, Jose Rizal and a group of
patriotic Filipinos including Andres Bonifacio,
founded the society, La Liga Filipina.

• The aims of the Liga:

> To unite the whole archipelago into one strong
body;
> To give mutual protection of all members in case of
necessity
> To encourage agriculture, commerce, and
 Introductio
• Upon Rizal's arrest, andn
exile to Dapitan, a small
group of patriotic Filipinos met at a house on
Azcarraga Street, Tondo Manila (now Claro M. Recto)
and decided to create a secret society.

• On the other hand, the propaganda movements led

by the Ilustrados like Marcelo H. del Pilar. Graciano
Lopez Jaena, and Jose Rizal demanded equal rights,
representation, and protection from the abuses of
 Introduction
• Founder of the KKK is Andres Bonifacio together with
Teodoro Plata, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, Deodato
Arellano, and others.

• The Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng

mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK) or Katipunan- arguably the
most important organization formed in the Philippine
history.

• This organization was the only organization that

envisioned
 Introduction
• Katipunan created a complex structure
and a defined value system that would
guide the organization as a collective
aspiring for a single goal.
• One of the important Katipunan
documents was the Kartilya ng Katipunan.
• Kartilya can be treated as the Katipunan's
code of conduct. It countains fourteen (14)
rules.
 Introduction
• Emilio Jacinto was a law student at the
Universidad de Santo Tomas. He became
the secretary of the organization and took
charge of the short-lived printing press of
the Katipunan
• On April 25. 1897, Bonifacio appointed
Jacinto as a commander of the Katipunan
in Northern Luzon. He was then 22 years
old. He died of malaria at a young age of
The Aims of the Katipunan
• POLITICAL - was to completely separate the
Philippines from Spain after declaring the country's
independence

• MORAL- was to teach the Filipinos good manners,

cleanliness, hygiene, fine morals, and how to guard
themselves against religious fanaticism

• CIVIC- was to encourage Filipinos to help themselves

 Andres
Bonifacio
• The Great Plebeian
• Born in November 30, 1863 in a small hut
at Calle Azcarraga, now Claro M. Recto
Avenue in Tondo, Manila.
• Named after St. Andrew the Apostle, the
patron saint of Manila
• He was known as the Father of the
Philippine Revolution and considered as one
of the national heroes of the Philippines
• He was one of the founder of KKK and
became the supreme president of KKK.
• He started his education in the school of
Guillermo Osmeña, a private primary
school in Tondo.
• He educated himself by extensive reading
 Emilio
• Brains of the Katipunan
Jacinto
• Born in Trozo (Tondo), Manila on
December 15, 1875
• Studied law in UST but was not able to finish
it
• Remained loyal to Bonifacio even after his
death
• He died on April 16, 1899 at the age of 23
years old because of Malaria
• Youngest and greatest writer of the
Katipunan
• Pen name: Dimas-Ilaw

He wrote the following:

 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
Katipuna
n
Flags
 Katipunan
KATAASTAASANG SANGGUNIAN (SUPREM COUNCIL)

Government
for the whole country

SANGGUNIANG BAYAN (PROVINCIAL COUNCIL)

for every province

SANGGUNIANG BALANGAY ( MUNICIPAL COUNCIL)

for every town

SANGGUNIANG HUKUMAN ( JUDICIAL COUNCIL)

It decided cases involving treachery among
the members and quarrels between them
 Officers of KKK
THE FIRST SUPREME COUNCIL OF HE KATIPUNAN WAS ORGANIZE IN
AUGUST 01, 1892. IT WAS COMPOSED OF THE FOLLOWING:

PRESIDENT COMPTROLLER
FISCAL
(SUPREMO) (INTERVENOR)
LADISLAO DIWA
DEODATO ARELLANO ANDRES BONIFACIO
 Officers of KKK
THE FIRST SUPREME COUNCIL OF HE KATIPUNAN WAS ORGANIZE IN
AUGUST 01, 1892. IT WAS COMPOSED OF THE FOLLOWING:

SECRETARY TREASURER
TEODORO PLATA VALENTIN DIAZ
 Officers of KKK
• ROMAN BASA BECOME THE SUPREMO
ROMAN BASA
SUPREMO BECAUSE BONIFACIO
WAS DISGUSTED OVER THE
PERFORMANCE OF ARELLANO

• TWO YEARS AFTER, ANOTHER

ELECTION WAS HELD WITH THE
FOLLOWING AS OFFICER:
 Officers of KKK

SUPREMO SECRETARY OF STATE SECRETARY OF WAR

ANDRES BONIFACIO EMILIO JACINTO TEODORO PLATA
 Officers of KKK

SECRETARY OF SECRETARY OF SECRETARY OF

BRICCIO PANTAS
JUSTICE AGUENDO DEL
INTERIOR ENRIQUE PACHECO
FINANCE
ROSARIO
 Katipunan
Membership
• Originally the KKK recruited new members by means of
TRIANGLE SYSTEM
-An original member would recruit two new members who did not
know each other.
-Example: Bonifacio formed the first triangle with Diwa and Plata
• They also agreed that they would pay a membership fee
amounting to one real fuerte (twenty-five centavos) and a
monthly due of media real (twelve centavos).
• Every member of the Katipunan adopted a symbolic name:
- Andres Bonifacio - May Pagasa
-Emilio Jacinto - Pingkian
-Artemio Ricarte - Vibora
 Katipunan
Membership
• Three Grades of the Katipunan Membership:

Katipun (Associate) - first grade, password was

ANAK NG BAYAN

Kawal (Soldier) - second grade, password was

GOMBURZA

Bayani (Patriot) - third grade, password was RIZAL

= COLOR OF
MASK
 Women of the
Katipunan
• At the beginning, the Katipunan was exclusively for men.
• Women were later admitted to preserve peace in the family,
because the wives of the Katipuneros were becoming jealous of
the nightly absences of their husbands and the reduction of
their monthly earnings.

Qualification fro
Female
• Wife of a Katipunero
• Daughter of a Katipunero
Member
• Sister of a Katipunero
• Any close relative of a Katipunero
 Prominent
Katipuneras

Gregorio de Jesus- wife

Maria Dizon - cousin of Simeona de Remigio -
of Bonifacio and was
Emilio Jacinto. wife of Tomas Remigio.
called Lakambini of the
Katipunan.
 Prominent
Katipuneras
Sisters of Rizal

Tandang Sora (January 6,

1812-March 2, 1919) Mother
of the Katipunan She fed the
Katipuneros and nursed the
wounded patriots Later she
Josefa Rizal Trinidad Rizal was arrested by the Spanish
authorities and was exiled in
Marianas.
Service of the Women in
the Katipunan
• Services of the Women in the Katipunan

• They guarded the secret documents and

paraphernalia of the society.

• They helped recruiting new members of the society.

• Whenever the Katipuneros were holding their secret

meeting, they held a gay party to cover up the
revolutionary activity.
 Other people connected to
• He eved that it was foolishness to fight the Spaniards

KKK
without sufficient arms and funds.
• He suggested that the Katipuneros wait for sometime
before the launching of an armed struggle.
• He suggested as to why not attract the influential and Paciano rizal
wealthy Filipinos to the cause to ensure the success of • Jose Rizal's older
the revolution. brother supported
• He also suggested Antonio Luna to be appointed as their Bonifacio.
Jose Rizal Military Leader
• He was banished in Dapitan in July of 1892, he has
• devoted himself
The physician of to
thehelping the people in Dapitan.
Katipunan.
• He helped Jacinto in putting up the Kalayaan, the
Isabelo delos
Katipunan's newspaper.
• TheReyes
printing press was
• Madlang-away (fight of the people) - his pen name.
purchased from him. •
• Collaborated with his best friend Bonifacio in writing the
• The money used to by
manifesto entitled Sa Mga Kababayan. the printing press was
• was sent by Bonifacio in Dapitan to convince Rizal to donated by two
give his approval. Visayan katipuneros:
Dr. Pio Valenzuela • Valenzuela came back to Manila and reported the results -Francisco del Castillo
of his mission, Bonifacio admitted that it would be fatal -Candido Iban - whose
for them to start a revolution without enough weaponry ticket won the lottery.
with which to fight the enemy.
 KARTILYA NG
KATIPUNAN
KARTILYA CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO TWO:
1. CONTAIN THE RULES THAT WILL MAKE THE MEMBER
AN UPRIGHT INDIVIDUAL
2.. THE RULES THAT WILL GUIDE THE WAY HE TREATS HIS
FELLOW MEN
 1.Love God full-heartedly.
2.Bear always in mind that the true love of God is love of Country, love
Decalo which is also true love of man.
3.Bear always in mind that the true measure of honor and of charity is

gue of
to die in defense of your Country.
4.Serenity, constancy, reason, and faith in whatever act of endeavor,
crown with success every desire.

the 5.Guard, as you would your honor, the mandates and aims of the K.Κ.Κ.
6.It is incumbent on all that he who runs a serious risk in complying
with his duties should be protected at the sacrifice of life and riches.

Katipu 7.Let the achievement of each, either in self-control or in compliance

with duty, be an example to his fellow.
8.Help to the limit of your endurance, share your wealth with the needy

nan or unfortunate.
9.Diligence in your daily work to earn a living is the true expression of
love and affection for yourself, for your wife, for your child, for your
brother, and for your countryman.
10.Believe in the chastisement of the perverse and the treacherous
and in the reward of all good work. Believe, also, that the aims of the
K.K.K. are the gifts of God; for the hopes of the Country are also the
hopes of God.
 1.The life that is not consecrated to a
14 lofty and reasonable purpose is a
tree without a shade, if not a
Rules poisonous weed.
of the Ang kabuhayang hindi ginugugol sa isang
malaki at banal na kadahilanan ay kahoy na
Krtilya walang

ng 2. To do good for personal gain and not

Katipu for its own sake is not virtue
Ang gawang magaling na nagbubuhat sa
nan pagpipita sa sarili, at hindi talagang nasang
gumawa ng kagalingan, ay di kabaitan
 3. It is rational to be charitable and love one’s
14 fellow creature, and to adjust one’s conduct,
acts and words to what is in itself reasonable.
Rules Ang tunay na kabanalan ay ang pagkakawang
gawa, ang pagibig sa kapwa at ang isukat ang
of the bawat kilos, gawa’t pangungusap sa talagang
katuiran.
Krtilya
4. Whether our skin be black or white, we are
ng all born equal: superiority in knowledge,
wealth and beauty are to be understood, but
Katipu not superiority by nature.
Maitim man at maputi ang kulay ng balat, lahat ng
nan tao’y magkakapantay: mangyayaring ang isa’y
higtan sa dunong, sa yaman, sa ganda, ngunit di
 5. The honorable man prefers
14 honor to personal gain; the
Rules scoundrel, gain to honor.
of the Ang may mataas na kalooban,
inuuna ang puri sa pagpipita sa
Krtilya sarili; ang may hamak na kalooban,
ng inuuna ang pagpipita sa sarili sa
Katipu puri.

nan 6. To the honorable man, his

 14 7. Do not waste thy time: wealth can be
Rules recovered but not time lost.
Huwag mong sayangin ang panahun: ang
of the yamang nawala’y mangyayaring magbalik;
ngunit panahung nagdaan na’y di na muli
Krtilya pang magdadaan.
ng
8. Defend the oppressed and fight the
Katipu oppressor before the law or in the field.
Ipagtanggol mo ang inaapi; kabakahin ang
nan umaapi.
 9. Defend the oppressed and fight the
14 oppressor before the law or in the fieldThe
prudent man is sparing in words and faithful
Rules in keeping secrets.
Ang taong matalino’y ang may pagiingat sa
of the bawat sasabihin, at matutong ipaglihim ang
dapat ipaglihim.
Krtilya
10. On the thorny path of life, man is the
ng guide of woman and the children, and if the
guide leads to the precipice, those whom he
Katipu guides will also go there.
Sa daang matinik ng kabuhayan, lalaki ay siyang
nan patugot ng asawa’t mga anak: kung ang umaakay
ay tungo sa sama, ang pagtutunguhan ng inaakay
 11. Thou must not look upon woman as
14 a mere plaything, but as a faithful
companion who will share with thee the
Rules penalties of life; her (physical)
of the weakness will increase thy interest in
her and she will remind thee of the
Krtilya mother who bore thee and reared thee.
Ang babai ay huwag mong tignang isang
ng bagay na libangan lamang, kun di isang
Katipu katuang at karamay sa mga kahirapan nitong
kabuhayan; gamitan mo nag boong
nan pagpipitagan ang kaniyang kahinaan, at
alalahanin ang inang pinagbuhatan at nagiwi
 12. What thou dost not desire
14 done unto thy wife, children,
Rules brothers and sisters, that do
of the not unto the wife, children,
brothers and sisters of thy
Krtilya neighbor.
ng Ang di mo ibig na gawin sa asawa
Katipu mo, anak at kapatid, ay huag mong
gagawin sa asawa, anak at kapatid
nan ng iba.
 13. Man is not worth more because he is a king,

14 because his nose is aquiline, and his color white,

not because he is a *priest, a servant of God, nor

Rules because of the high prerogative that he enjoys

upon earth, but he is worth most who is a man of

of the proven and real value, who does good, keeps his
words, is worthy and honest; he who does not
oppress nor consent to being oppressed, he who
Krtilya loves and cherishes his fatherland, though he be
born in the wilderness and know no tongue but
ng his own.

Katipu Ang kamahalan ng tao’y wala sa pagkahari, wala sa

tangus ng ilong at puti ng mukha, wala sa pagkaparing
nan kahalili ng Dios, wala sa mataas na kalagayan sa balat
ng lupa: wagas at tunay na mahal na tao, kahit laking
 14. When these rules of conduct shall be known to

14 all, the longed-for sun of Liberty shall rise brilliant

over this most unhappy portion of the globe and

Rules its rays shall diffuse everlasting joy among the

confederated brethren of the same rays, the lives

of the of those who have gone before, the fatigues and

the well-paid sufferings will remain. If he who
desires to enter (the Katipunan) has informed
Krtilya himself of all this and believes he will be able to
perform what will be his duties, he may fill out the
ng application for admission.

Katipu Paglagalap ng mga aral na itoat maningning na sumikat

ang araw ng mahal na Kalayaan dito sa kaabaabang
nan Sangkapuluan, at sabugan ng matamis niyang liwanag
ang nangagkaisang magkakalahi’t magkakapatid na
ANALYSIS OF
KARTILYA NG
KATIPUNAN
 Analysis of Kartilya ng
THE PHILOSOPHICAL Katipunan IMPACT ON THE
BASIS KATIPUNAN AND
FILIPINO REVOLUTION
The following factors impact the Guidance: Presented Katipunan
Kartilya ng Katipunan: Equality, members with moral and ethical
liberty, and human rights are standards.
prioritized in the Enlightenment
Philosophy. In opposition to Motivation: Encouraged the
colonial control, nationalism movement for justice and freedom
fosters love for the homeland among the Filipino people.
and solidarity. Original Filipino
Values: Showcases "bayanihan" Unity: Emphasize the need for
(group collaboration) and continued revolutionary action and
the importance of solidarity.
"kapwa" (shared identity).
 Analysis of Kartilya
ng
RELEVANCE IN THE
Katipunan
PRESENT

Enduring Values: Continues to

influence Filipino identity and
values like equality and
patriotism.

Civic Engagement: Inspires

modern activism and social
responsibility.

Nation-Building: Remains
relevant in uniting Filipinos for
collective progress.
 WHAT
ARE YOUR
INSIGHT?
 FREEDOM IS THE
FUNDAMENTAL
CONDITION FOR ANY
GROWTH.
THANK
-ERICH FROMM

YOU.
 MEMBERS:
PINLAC, EDLHENNE
ABRIO, JOVI
BUENZO, JESABEL
YBANEZ, ERWIN
DOMINGO, JONARD

CTTO