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Fragments

The document discusses sentence fragments, identifying various types such as dependent-word fragments, -ing and to fragments, added-detail fragments, and missing-subject fragments. It provides examples and corrections for each type of fragment, emphasizing the importance of having a subject and a verb for a complete sentence. Additionally, it includes practice exercises for readers to identify and correct these fragments.

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Kallol Bain
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5 views38 pages

Fragments

The document discusses sentence fragments, identifying various types such as dependent-word fragments, -ing and to fragments, added-detail fragments, and missing-subject fragments. It provides examples and corrections for each type of fragment, emphasizing the importance of having a subject and a verb for a complete sentence. Additionally, it includes practice exercises for readers to identify and correct these fragments.

Uploaded by

Kallol Bain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Seeing What You Know…

Underline the statement in each item that you think is not a complete
sentence. Then read the explanations below.

1. After the shopping mall opened. Several local stores went out of business.

2. The nursing student poked my arm four times. Trying to take a blood
sample. I was beginning to feel like a pincushion.

3. Some young people are learning old-fashioned dances. Such as the waltz,
polka, and Lindy.

4. The manager always wears a suit and tie to the office. Then takes off his
jacket and tie by ten o’clock.
Solution…
⮚ 1. After the shopping mall opened. Several
local stores went out of business.
⮚ After the shopping mall opened is not a
complete sentence.
⮚ The writer does not follow through and
complete the thought by telling us what
happened after the shopping mall opened.
Correct the fragment by adding it to the
sentence that follows it.
Solution…
The nursing student poked my arm four times.
Trying to take a blood sample. I was beginning
to feel like a pincushion.
• Trying to take a blood sample is not a
complete sentence.
• The word group lacks both a subject and a
verb, and it does not express a complete
thought. Correct the fragment by adding it to
the sentence that precedes it.
Solution…
Some young people are learning old-fashioned
dances. Such as the waltz, polka, and Lindy.
• Such as the waltz, polka, and Lindy is not a
complete sentence.
• Again, the word group lacks a subject and a
verb, and it does not express a complete
thought. Correct the fragment by adding it to
the sentence that precedes it.
Solution…
• The manager always wears a suit and tie to
the office. Then takes off his jacket and tie by
ten o’clock.
• Then takes off his jacket and tie by ten o’clock
is not a complete sentence.
• The word group lacks a subject. Correct the
fragment by adding the subject he.
Fragments
• A sentence must have two characteristics:
• 1. It must have a subject and a verb;
2. it must have independence or
completeness.

• If either of these characteristics are


missing from a group of words written as a
sentence, the result is an error called a
sentence fragment.
Types…
• dependent-word fragments,
• -ing and to fragments,
• added-detail fragments, and
• missing-subject fragments.
DFW…
DEPENDENT-WORD FRAGMENTS
Dependent words
Example of DWF..
⮚ Because there was a mosquito in the room. I
could not fall asleep.
⮚ Because there was a mosquito in the room, I
could not fall asleep.
⮚ I could not fall asleep because there was a
mosquito in the room.
• Although we had eaten a full meal. We still ordered
dessert. The rum cake was irresistible.

• Although we had eaten a full meal, we still ordered


dessert. The rum cake was irresistible.
• Some people are victims of migraine
headaches. That force them to lie motionless
in bed for many hours. Medications do not
offer much relief.

• Some people are victims of migraine


headaches that force them to lie motion- less
in bed for many hours. Medications do not
offer much relief.
Practice 1
Underline the dependent-word fragment in each of the
following. Then correct it on the lines provided.

• 1. When the hometown baseball team won the World Series.


Two million people showed up at the victory parade.

• 2. Because smoke detectors are so important to a family’s


safety. Their batteries should be checked often.

• 3. After the children washed the family car. They had a water
fight with the wet sponges.

• 4. Please hang up the damp towel. That you just threw on the
floor.
-ING AND TO FRAGMENTS
-ING AND TO FRAGMENTS
• Cliff sat by the telephone for hours. Hoping
that Lisa would call.

• Cliff sat by the telephone for hours, hoping


that Lisa would call.

• Cliff sat by the telephone for hours. He hoped


that Lisa would call.
-ING AND TO FRAGMENTS
• To balance their checkbooks without making
mistakes. Many people use pocket calculators.
• To balance their checkbooks without making
mistakes, many people use pocket calculators.
• Many people use pocket calculators. They
want to balance their check- books without
making mistakes.
Practice 2
Underline the -ing or to fragment in each of the following. Then
correct it on the lines provided, using one of the two methods
given above.

• 1. Police officers stood near the corner. Directing people


around the accident.

• 2. The magician ran a sword through the box. To prove no one


was hiding inside.

• 3. Sitting quietly on the couch. The dog didn’t look as if he’d


eaten my sandwich.

• 4. The restaurant has introduced a new vegetarian menu. To


attract diners who prefer not to eat meat.
ADDED-DETAIL FRAGMENTS

• especially, except, including, excluding, for


example, for instance, e.g., i.e., like, also, and
such as.
• Almost everyone loves ice cream. Especially
vanilla.
• Almost everyone loves ice cream, especially
vanilla.
• Many college students experience a great deal
of stress. For instance, about money, grades,
and personal relationships.
• Many college students experience a great deal
of stress. For instance, they worry about
money, grades, and personal relationships.
Practice 3
Underline the added-detail fragment in each of the following.
Then correct it on the lines provided, using one of the two
methods given above.

• 1. Television censors watch out for material that viewers might


find offensive. Such as offensive or racial jokes.

• 2. The children’s toys were everywhere. Except in the toy chest.

• 3. All applicants at that company must take a skills assessment


test. Also a personality profile test.

• 4. The film class saw every Dustin Hoffman film. Including his
first one, The Graduate.
• MISSING-SUBJECT FRAGMENTS
• The telephone caller kept asking questions.
But did not identify herself.
• The telephone caller kept asking questions
but did not identify herself.
• The telephone caller kept asking questions.
She did not identify herself.
• The children dug a large hole in the grass. And
then tried to fill it with water.
• The children dug a large hole in the grass and
then tried to fill it with water.
• The children dug a large hole in the grass.
Then, they tried to fill it with water.
Practice 4
Underline the missing-subject fragment in each of the following
items. Then correct it on the lines below, using one of the two
methods given above.
• 1. Our instructor seems strict. But is actually friendly and
helpful.

• 2. A mouse’s face popped out of a hole near the sink. Then


disappeared quickly.

• 3. The nurse brought the patient an extra pillow and a


glass of water. But forgot his pain medication.

• 4. The pot of coffee sat on the burner for hours. And


became too strong and bitter to drink.
Lets Practice at home…!!!

☺ ☺ ☺…

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