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Concept of Sleep

The document discusses the concept of sleep, defining it as a state of rest with altered consciousness and decreased responsiveness to stimuli, and outlines its characteristics, types (NREM and REM), and functions. It also covers common sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and narcolepsy, along with their symptoms and types. Additionally, it highlights factors affecting sleep and nursing interventions to promote better sleep.

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14 views21 pages

Concept of Sleep

The document discusses the concept of sleep, defining it as a state of rest with altered consciousness and decreased responsiveness to stimuli, and outlines its characteristics, types (NREM and REM), and functions. It also covers common sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and narcolepsy, along with their symptoms and types. Additionally, it highlights factors affecting sleep and nursing interventions to promote better sleep.

Uploaded by

muhammadbukhsh238
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCEPT OF SLEEP

DEFINITIONS

• Rest: is a condition in which the body is in a


decreased state of activity without emotional
stress and freedom from anxiety.

• Sleep: is a state of rest accompanied of


altered level of consciousness and relative
inactivity, and perception to environment are
decreased.
• In Other Words
Sleep is a half death (According to
James Horner)
CHARACTERISTICS OF SLEEP

• Sleep is a period of reduced


activity.
• Sleep is associated with a typical
posture, such as lying down with
eyes closed in humans.
• Sleep results in a decreased
responsiveness to external stimuli.
TYPES OF SLEEP
There are two types of sleep
1.NREM sleep (Non-Rapid Eye
Movement sleep)
2.REM sleep (Rapid Eye Movement
Sleep)

NREM is split into 4 stages, with


each stage taking you deeper and
deeper into sleep.
CONTINUE…………
 NREM Stage 1
 This is the first stage of NREM, starting

from the moment you first fall asleep.


Your brain begins preparing you for the
deep sleep ahead. Your body slows
down and your breathing becomes
slow and steady.
 NREM Stage 2

 Stage 2 is the next stage of sleep

following on from stage 1


CONTINUE…….
 Hereyour body functions slow down even
more. Your brainwaves become longer and
slower as your body prepares for the next
stage.
 NREM Stage 3

Stage 3, also known as slow wave sleep.


Here your body is in a deep sleep.
dreams are more common in this stage than
other stages of NREM sleep,although you
would probabely only remember fragments
of your dream if anything
CONTINUE…….
 NREM stage 4
 This is the deepest sleep. It is the

stage where the heart and


respiratory rate drop 20_30%
below those exhibited during
hours. This stage is thought to
restore the body physically. This
stage may be absent in elders
CONTINUE……….
REM (Rapid Eye Movement)
REM sleep is the second type of

sleep,
This is the stage where most

dreaming occurs with your brain


activity much higher than NREM.
However, while your brain is active,
only your eyes and breathing
muscles can move.
FUNCTIONS OF SLEEP:

 Promoting general health.

 Ensuring recovery from illness.

 Aid in healing process.

 Increaseability to learn and concentration


and recalling knowledge.

 Help person to be socially stable.


FACTORS AFFECTING SLEEP

• Emotional stress
• Lifestyle and habits
• Physical activity and exercise
• Dietary habits
• Environmental factors
• Illness
• Medications
COMMON SLEEP DISORDERS
 The most common sleep
disorders are
 1.Insomia
 2.Sleep apnea
 3.Restless legs syndrome
 4.Nacrolepsy
INSOMNIA
Diffenitions: Insomnia is a sleep disorder
of difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep.
OR
Chronic inability to fall asleep or remain
asleep for an adequate length of time.
Insomnia" is derived from the Latin word
"Somnus", the name of the Roman god of sleep.
TYPES OF INSOMNIA
 Transient insomnia lasts for less than a
week. It can be caused by another disorder, by
changes in the sleep environment, by the
timing of sleep, severe depression, or by stress.
 Acute insomnia is the inability to
consistently sleep well for a period of less than
a month. Insomnia is present when there is
difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or when
the sleep that is obtained is non-refreshing .
 Chronic insomnia lasts for longer than a
month. It can be caused by another disorder.
People with high levels of stress hormones
likely to have chronic insomnia.
SYMPTOMS
 People with insomnia have one or
more of the following symptoms:
 Difficulty falling asleep
 Waking up often during the night

and having trouble going back to


sleep
 Waking up too early in the

morning
 Having un-refreshing sleep
SLEEP APNEA
• Sleep apnea is a serious sleep
disorder that occurs when a
person’s breathing is interrupted
during sleep.
• People with untreated sleep apnea
stop breathing repeatedly during
their sleep.
INSOMNIA SYMPTOMS
TYPES OF SLEEP APNEA
 Obstructive sleep apnea is the most
common type of sleep apnea. It occurs when
the soft tissue in the back of your throat
relaxes during sleep, causing a blockage of
the airway (as well as loud snoring).
 Central sleep apnea It occurs when the
brain fails to signal the muscles that control
breathing. People with central sleep apnea
seldom snore.
 Complex sleep apnea is a combination
of obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep
apnea.
RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME

 Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep


disorder that cause tingling, pulling, creeping,
or painful sensations in the legs at night.
 This sensation is brought on by resting such

as lying down in bed, sitting for prolonged


periods such as while driving or at a theatre.
 RLS typically occurs in the evening, making it

difficult to fall asleep. Often, people with RLS


want to walk around and shake their legs to
help relieve the uncomfortable sensation.
NARCOLEPSY
 Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder of sleep
regulation that affects the control of sleep and
wakefulness.
 In narcolepsy neurological condition effecting
the area of the brain that controls and waking
and sleep. The world come from the Greek and
means ‘’seized by sleep ‘’
 Later in life it can effect some one education
relationship and career prospectus .consequently
some one with narcolepsy often also has low self
esteem ,depression and relation shonshsip
problem .


CON…
 The cause of narcolepsy remain unclear. new
research has identified serial different factors
witch may a part . Some people may be
predisposed to the condition by their genetics it is
much more common among people with certain
genetic problems.
 Research that identified that it may be caused by a
shortage of the chemical brain messenger called
hypoectin .
 Men's while suggest that narcolepsy may be the
result of an autoimmune problem.
 It is believed around one in 20,000 people has
narcolepsy .
 Men and women are both effected in equal
numbers .
 It is most often between the age of 15 and 30.
NURSING INTERVENTIONS TO
PROMOTE SLEEP

 Prepare a restful environment

 Promote bedtime rituals

 Offer
appropriate bedtime snacks and
beverages

 Promote relaxation and comfort

 Use night light

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