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Lesson 4.1 - Laws of Exponent

The document provides an overview of exponential notation, including the definitions of base and exponent, and various laws of exponents such as the Product Rule, Power Rule, Quotient Rule, and the laws for products and quotients of powers. It includes examples and exercises for expanding, simplifying, and comparing expressions involving exponents. The document emphasizes the relationships between different exponential expressions and the application of exponent laws.

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Mikealla David
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 views30 pages

Lesson 4.1 - Laws of Exponent

The document provides an overview of exponential notation, including the definitions of base and exponent, and various laws of exponents such as the Product Rule, Power Rule, Quotient Rule, and the laws for products and quotients of powers. It includes examples and exercises for expanding, simplifying, and comparing expressions involving exponents. The document emphasizes the relationships between different exponential expressions and the application of exponent laws.

Uploaded by

Mikealla David
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

Let’s have a

review!
How will you
represent very
large or small
quantities/numbe
rs?
Identify the parts of the
exponential notation.

𝑛
𝑎
exponent – any
positive integer. It
indicates how many
times you multiply
the base by itself.
base – a variable
that represents any
real number
Simplify the following.
4
𝑎 .2 = ¿ 2 ×2 ×2 ×2=16
𝑏 . 3 =¿ 3 × 3 ×3=27
3

7
𝑐 .1 =¿1 ×1 ×1× 1× 1× 1× 1=1

( )
2
2 2 2 4
𝑑. =¿× =
5 5 5 25
MULTIPLICATION AND
DIVISION OF
POLYNOMIALS

LAWS OF EXPONENT
Fourth Quarter
Expand, simplify and compare the
following.

𝟑 )(𝟑 ) (𝟑
𝟐 𝟑
) 𝟓

¿ (𝟑×𝟑)(𝟑×𝟑×𝟑) ¿ (𝟑 ×𝟑 ×𝟑 ×𝟑 ×𝟑)
¿(𝟑×𝟑×𝟑×𝟑×𝟑) ¿ 𝟐𝟒𝟑
¿ 𝟐𝟒𝟑
What have you observed when we
compared with ?

𝟑 )(𝟑 ) (𝟑
𝟐 𝟑
)
𝟓

¿ (𝟑×𝟑)(𝟑×𝟑×𝟑) ¿ (𝟑 ×𝟑 ×𝟑 ×𝟑 ×𝟑)
¿(𝟑×𝟑×𝟑×𝟑×𝟑) ¿ 𝟐𝟒𝟑
¿ 𝟐𝟒𝟑
Expand, simplify and compare the
following.

𝒙 𝟒
)(𝒙 𝟓
)

(𝒙
𝟗
) ( 𝒙 𝟗
)
¿(𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙× 𝒙×𝒙× 𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙× 𝒙)
𝟗
¿(𝒙 )
Based on the results, how are and
related?

𝒙 𝟒
)(𝒙 𝟓
)

(𝒙
𝟗
) ( 𝒙 𝟗
)
¿(𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙× 𝒙×𝒙× 𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙× 𝒙)
𝟗
¿(𝒙 )
First Law: The Product Rule
To multiply powers with the same
base, use the same base and raise it to
the sum of the exponents. In symbols,
Example:
(𝟑 ) ( 𝟑 ) ( 𝒙 ) ( 𝒙 )
𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓

𝟐 +𝟑 𝟒+ 𝟓
¿𝟑 ¿ 𝒙
𝟓 𝟗
¿ 𝟑 ¿ 𝒙
First Law: The Product Rule
To multiply powers with the same
base, use the same base and raise it to
the sum of the exponents. In symbols,
Now, you try:
(𝟒 ) (𝟒 ) ( 𝒃 ) ( 𝒃 )
𝟑 𝟑 𝟒 𝟖

𝟑+ 𝟑 𝟒+ 𝟖
¿𝟒 ¿ 𝒃
𝟔 𝟏𝟐
¿ 𝟒 ¿ 𝒃
Expand, simplify and compare the
following.
𝟑 𝟔
𝟐
𝟐
) 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 ×𝟐 × 𝟐 ¿(𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐)
¿(𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐) ¿ 𝟔𝟒
¿ 𝟔𝟒
What have you observed when we
comparedwith?
𝟑 𝟔
𝟐
𝟐
) 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 ×𝟐 × 𝟐 ¿(𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐)
¿(𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐×𝟐) ¿ 𝟔𝟒
¿ 𝟔𝟒
Expand, simplify and compare the
following.
𝟓
𝒙
𝟐
)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
¿ 𝒙 × 𝒙 × 𝒙 ×𝒙 × 𝒙
¿(𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙) 𝟏𝟎
𝟏𝟎 𝒙
¿ 𝒙 ¿(𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙)
𝟏𝟎
¿ 𝒙
Based on the results, how are and
related?
𝟓
𝒙
𝟐
)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
¿ 𝒙 × 𝒙 × 𝒙 ×𝒙 × 𝒙
¿(𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙) 𝟏𝟎
𝟏𝟎 𝒙
¿ 𝒙 ¿(𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙 ×𝒙×𝒙×𝒙)
𝟏𝟎
¿ 𝒙
Second Law: The Power Rule
Any power raised to an exponent can
be simplified by multiplying the two
exponents. In symbols,
Example:
𝟓
𝟐
𝟐
( 𝒙 ) 𝟑
) 𝟐

( 𝟐× 𝟑) ( 𝟐 × 𝟓)
¿𝟐 ¿ 𝒙
𝟔 𝟏𝟎
¿ 𝟐 ¿ 𝒙
Second Law: The Power Rule
Any power raised to an exponent can
be simplified by multiplying the two
exponents. In symbols,
Now, you try:
𝟔
𝟒
𝟑
(𝒃
) 𝟒
) 𝟏𝟎

( 𝟑 × 𝟒) (𝟏𝟎 × 𝟔)
¿𝟒 ¿𝒃
𝟏𝟐 𝟔𝟎
¿𝟒 ¿ 𝒃
Observe the solution of the following
and make a conclusion.
𝟒 ×𝟒 × 𝟒 ×𝟒 ×𝟒 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒
𝟏𝟔
𝟓
𝟒
=¿ =¿ =¿
𝟒
𝟑
𝟒 × 𝟒 ×𝟒 𝟔𝟒
𝟐
𝑵𝒐𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝟏𝟔=𝟒

𝒙
𝟖
𝒙∙ 𝒙∙𝒙 ∙𝒙 ∙𝒙∙ 𝒙∙ 𝒙∙ 𝒙
=¿ =¿ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙
𝒙
𝟑
𝒙∙𝒙∙𝒙
𝟓
𝑵𝒐𝒕𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 ∙ 𝒙 = 𝒙
Third Law: The Quotient Rule
To divide two powers with the same base,
use the same base and raised it to the
difference of the exponents. In symbols, where
x > y.
Example: 𝟖
𝟓
𝟒 𝒙
𝟑 𝟑
𝟒 𝒙
( 𝟓 − 𝟑) ( 𝟖 − 𝟑)
¿𝟒 𝟐
¿ 𝒙
𝟓
¿ 𝟒 ¿ 𝒙
Third Law: The Quotient Rule
Here is an extension to the quotient rule.
For x = y, .

Example: 𝟖
( 𝟖 − 𝟖)
𝟒 ( 𝟓 −𝟓)
¿ 𝒙
𝒙
𝟓

𝟒¿𝟒
𝟓 𝒙
𝟖

𝟎 𝟎
¿ 𝟒 ¿ 𝒙
¿𝟏 ¿𝟏
Third Law: The Quotient Rule
To divide two powers with the same base,
use the same base and raised it to the
difference of the exponents. In symbols, where
x > y.
Now, you try: ( 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟏𝟎
¿𝒙
𝟏𝟎
𝒛
𝟏𝟎
𝒛
𝒘 ( 𝟏𝟓 − 𝟕)
𝟏𝟓
𝟎
𝒘¿𝒘 𝟕
¿ 𝒙
𝟖
¿ 𝒘 ¿𝟏
Fourth Law: The Power of a
The power of a product is equal to the
Product
product of their powers, or .

Example:
𝟐
𝒚𝒙 ) 𝒚
𝟑𝟐 𝟔 𝟑 𝟐𝟐 𝟐 𝟔
𝒙¿ (𝟑 𝒎 𝒏
¿𝟑 ) 𝒏 𝒑
𝒑 𝒎 𝟐
𝟔 𝟐
¿𝟗𝒎 𝒏 𝒑
Fifth Law: The Power of a
The power of a quotient is equal to the
Quotient
quotient of their powers, or

Example:
𝟑 𝟏𝟖 𝟑

( )
𝟑
𝟒 𝟒 𝒇𝟒
𝟒 𝟒
𝒈 𝒇 𝒈𝟔
𝟐¿
𝟑 𝒅
𝟐
𝒄
𝟑
𝟒 ) 𝒄
𝒅 𝒉
𝟒
𝟑
¿ 𝟕
𝒌 𝒉
𝟗
𝒌
𝟐𝟏

𝟏𝟖 𝟑
𝟏𝟔 𝒄
𝟒 𝟔𝟒 𝒇 𝒈
¿ ¿ 𝟗 𝟐𝟏
𝟖𝟏 𝒅
𝟒 𝒉 𝒌
Let’s practice!
1. 4.
2. 5.
3. 6.
29

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