VARIOUS

GENRES IN
MUSIC
Argyll Duran
 OBJECTIVES:
1.Identify various genres
of music
2.Makes a creative
interpretation of the
diff erent musical genre.
3.Translate sound or
music into a new form
and a new context.

2 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 Music comes in various types and
styles ranging from traditional
rock music to world pop, for easy
INTRODUCT
listening and bluegrass. Many
ION
various genres have a rich history
or geographical signifi cance that
go far beyond the 20th century.

3 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
LIST OF MUSIC
GENRES:
1. Alternative Music
Examples are the rock music
(college, hard, indie,
progressive), the punk (art,
folk, hardcore)
2. Anime
3. Blues
Examples are the acoustic
blues, Chicago blues,
contemporary blues, delta
blues, and electric blues.
4. Children's music
 LIST OF MUSIC
GENRES
5. Classical music
Examples are the avant-garde,
baroque, renaissance, romantic,
wedding music, chant, choral,
chamber music, high classical,
minimalism.
6. Commercial music
Examples are the jingles and TV
themes.
7. Country music
Examples are the alternative
5 AA 20XX
country bluegrass, contemporary
 LIST OF MUSIC
8.GENRES
Electronic music
Examples are the electronic
rock, drum and bass,
downtempo, ambient, bitpop,
and chiptune.
9. Hip-Hop/Rap
Examples are alternative rap,
bounce, dirty south, east coast
rap, hardcore rap, hip-hop,
Latin rap, gangster rap,
underground rap.
10. Holiday music
Examples are Christmas
6 Classic,
. Halloween, Christmas 20XX
 LIST OF MUSIC
GENRES
11. Indie Pop
12. Christian and Gospel music
Examples are Christian metal,
Christian gospel songs, praise and
worship, traditional gospel pop,
Christian rap, Christian rock.
13. Jazz music
Example are Avant-grade jazz,
bebop, bog band, cool, crossover
jazz, Dixieland fusion, hard bop,
Latin jazz, ragtime, smooth jazz.
14. Latin jazz
Examples are bossa nova, Brazilian
7 . 20XX
cumbia, Latin jazz, pop Latino,
 LIST OF MUSIC
GENRES
15. Rock music
Examples are acid rock, arena
rock, cock rock, grind core, hair
metal, hard rock, jam bands,
psychedelic, rock and roll,
southern rock, death metal,
blues- rock.

8 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 THE CANTATA
This music is an unstaged sacred of
secular narrative sung with
instrumental accompaniment
developed during the Baroque era.
A cantata contains arias, narrative
and choruses. It is generally based
on sacred theme and are intended
for liturgical use. John Sebastian
Bach (1685-1750) was considered
as the "Father of German Cantata."
Examples of songs from Cantata
208 by J.S. Bach are "Sheep May
9 Safely. Gaze," "Now all the Words
20XX
 THE ORATORIO
This is a musical
composition based on the
bible or sacred text for
soloist, choir, and
orchestra. It is usually
staged in a church or
theatre without any
scenery or movement or
elaborate costumes. One
of the most oratorios
today is George Frideric
Handel. Example of this
10 oratorio
P R E S E N T A T I O N T I T Lis
E the "Messiah" 2 0 X X
 THE CONCERTO
GROSSO
This is an important form
of instrumental music
during the Baroque
period. It is composed of
two groups of instruments
contrasted against each
other. The smaller group
or soloist is called
"concertino" and the
bigger group or fi eld
ensemble and which is
composed eight to twenty
11 musicians
P R E S E N T A T I O N T I T L E is called "tutti 2 0 X X
 THE SUITES
This is composed of four
dancers which did not
contain thenatic
materials, tempo and
character, are best
reunited only by being in
the same key.
Sarabande. It is the
second pairing of a slow
fast dance in the suite
begins with the dignifi ed
sarabande.
12 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 THE BAROQUE MUSIC

• Baroque music period is a style of Western art music that

spanned by the year 1600-1750. This period fl ourished
under the leadership of Louis XIV of France. This was the
time of great philosophers and writers like Descartes,
Voltaire and Locke.
• Baroque concerts were typically accompanied by a basso
continuo group. While a group of bass instruments-viol,
cello, double bass-played the bassline.
• A characteristic Baroque form was the dance suite.
• The term "Baroque" is believed to have originated from
13 AA 20XX
the Portuguese word "barroco," which meant a misshapen
 KEY COMPOSERS OF THE BAROQUE ERA

JOHN ANTONIO JOHANN GEORGE

PACHELBEL , VIVALDI , SEBASTIAN FREDERICK
BACH HANDEL ,

14 AA 20XX
 KEY COMPOSERS OF THE BAROQUE ERA

CL AUDIO ALESS ANDR

FRANZ MONTEVER DOMENICO O
SCHUBERT DI SCARL ATTI , SCARL ATTI,

15 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 KEY COMPOSERS OF THE BAROQUE ERA

GEORG JEAN- MARC-

PHILIPP BAPTISTE JEAN-PHILIPPE ANTOINE
TELEMANN, LULLY , RAMEAU, CHARPENTIER

16 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 KEY COMPOSERS OF THE BAROQUE ERA

ARCANGELO TOMASO FRANÇOIS GIUSEPPE

CORELLI ALBINONI , COUPERIN TARTINI,

17 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 KEY COMPOSERS OF THE BAROQUE ERA

GIOVANNI
HEINRICH BATTISTA
SCHÜTZ, PERGOLESI .

18 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 JOHANN SEBASTIAN
BACH
Coming in at number one is Johann
Sebastian Bach (1685-1750), one of the
best-known of all composers in classical
music.
Bach was born into one of the great
musical families of the day. A natural
genius at the keyboard, he mastered the
organ and harpsichord and was simply a
brilliant composer. Bach brought
baroque music to its climax, writing over
1,000 compositions in nearly every type
of musical form.

19
Popular Works: "Air on a G String,"
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 GEORGE FRIDERIC
HANDEL
Born in the same year as Bach in
town 50 miles away, George
Frideric Handel (1685-1759), who
later became a British citizen, lead
a much diff erent life than Bach.He
is credited with creating the
English oratorio, most famous
among these was "Messiah."
Handel also specialized in operas
and often took on the Italian- style
cantatas. Popular Works: "(The)
Messiah," "Music for the Royal
20 Fireworks,"
P R E S E N T A T I O N"Water
TITLE Music”. 20XX
 ARCANGELO CORELLI
Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713) was an
Italian teacher, violinist, and
composer. Corelli's mastery of tone
on the newly invented violin earned
him great reviews throughout Europe.
He is often credited as the fi rst
person to create basic violin
technique.
Corelli worked during the time of
expressive opera known as High
Baroque. He is equally famous for his
harpsichord compositions and his
21
talent with the violin.
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 ANTONIO VIVALDI
Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) wrote over
500 concertos and is believed to have
invented ritornello form in which a
theme returns throughout the piece.
Known as a virtuoso violinist and prolifi c
composer, Vivaldi often held the title of
Maestro de' Concerti (director of
instrumental music) at Vienna's
Ospedale della Pieta.
His infl uence was felt throughout the
later years of the Baroque Period.
However, much of Vivaldi's music lay
"undiscovered" until the early 1930s.
22 This newly .
identifi ed music earned 2 0 X X
 GEORG PHILIPP
TELEMANN
A good friend of both Bach and
Handel, Georg Philipp Telemann
(1681-1767) was also a
distinguished musician and
composer of his time. He, too,
appeared in the latter part of the
Baroque Period. As a music
teacher, he was known for
organizing students and off ering
concerts to the public. Popular
Works: "Viola Concerto in G," "Trio
Sonata in C Minor," "(The) Paris
23 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
Quartets"
 HENRY PURCELL
Within a lifetime of only 35 years,
Henry Purcell (1659-1695) achieved
musical greatness. He was considered
one of England's greatest composers
and the most original composer of his
time.
Purcell was extremely talented in
word-setting and composed very
successful works for the stage. His
chamber music of suites and sonatas,
as well as compositions for the
church and courts, also helped
24 establish. his name in music history.
20XX
 DOMENICO
SCARLATTI
Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757) was
the son of Alessandro Scarlatti,
another well-known baroque
composer. The younger Scarlatti
wrote 555 known harpsichord
sonatas, over half of which were
written in the last six years of his
life. Scarlatti made use of Italian,
Portuguese, and Spanish dance
rhythms throughout many of his
works. He was also admired by his
contemporaries and infl uenced
25 many, including
. the Portuguese 2 0 X X
 JEAN-PHILIPPE
RAMEAU
A French composer and music
theorist, Jean-Philippe Rameau
(1683- 1764) was known for music
with bold melodic lines and
harmonies. Aside from harpsichord,
Rameau's greatest contribution to
music was in tragédie lyrique
opera. His wide use of moods and
musical colors in these French
lyrical tragedies were beyond
those of his counterparts. Popular
Works: "Hippolyte et Aricie and
26 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
Castor et Pollux," "Trait," "Les
 JOHANN PACHELBEL
Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706)
taught music to Johann Christoph
Bach. Pachelbel's "Canon in D
Major" is his most famous work and
you can hear it to this day in
countless wedding ceremonies. And
yet, the respected organ teacher's
infl uence stretches far beyond the
chapel. His infl uence on Baroque
music led to the success of many of
these other composers. Popular
Works: "Canon in D Major" (aka
27 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
Pachelbel Canon), "Chaconne in F
 GIOVANNI BATTISTA
SAMMARTINI
Giovanni Battista Sammartini (1700-
1775) specialized in the oboe and organ
and the Italian also worked as a
composer, teacher, and choirmaster. He
took over the Baroque scene later in the
period and his infl uence stretched into
the Classical Period. Giovanni Battista
Sammartini (1700-1775) specialized in
the oboe and organ and the Italian also
worked as a composer, teacher, and
choirmaster. He took over the Baroque
scene later in the period and his
28
infl uence Pstretched
R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E
into the Classical 2 0 X X
 CLASSICAL MUSIC

• The Classical Music This is an art

music rooted in the tradition of
Western music. It includes both
liturgical (religion) and secular
music.
• During this period, diff erent forms of
music like instrumental forms,
sonata, concerto, and symphony
were developed .

29 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 LUDWIG VAN
BEETHOVEN
Beethoven was a German
composer and pianist. He was
born on December 17, 1770
and died on March 26, 1827.
He was crucial fi gure in the
transition between the
Classical and Romantic eras in
western art music, he remains
one of the most famous and
infl uential composers. His
best- known compositions
include 9 symphonies, 5 piano
30 concertos,
. 1 violin concerto,
20XX
 JOSEPH HAYDN
Haydn was a composer of the
Classical period. He was born on
March 23, 1732 and died on May
3, 1809. As an Austrian composer,
he was instrumental in the
development of chamber of music
such as piano trio and his
contributions to musical form
have earned him the epithets
"Father of the Symphony" and
"Father of the String Quartet".

31 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 WOLFGANG
AMADEUS MOZART
• Mozart was baptized as
Johannes Chrysostomus
Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart
was a prolifi c and infl uential
composer of the classical era.
He was born on January 27,
1756 and died on December 5,
1791 .
• Already competent on keyboard
and violin in early age, he
composed from the age of fi ve
and performed before European
32 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 FRANZ SCHUBERT
Schubert was an Austrian
composer born on January 31,
1797 but died on November 19,
1828.

33 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 ROMANTIC MUSIC

• Romantic music is a period of Western classical

music that started late in the 18th or early 19th
century. Romantic music in particular dominated
the Romantic movement in Germany.
• Romantic music was characterized by interest in
stories, folklore, mythology, and supernatural
stories. Moods were experienced according to
the temperament, primarily, and personal
convictions of the composer. The rhythm is more
complicated, melody used more extensive
chromatism.

34 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 CARL MARIA
FRIEDRICH ERNST
• VON
Weber was WEBER
a German composer,
conductor, pianist, guitarist and
critic.
• He was born on November 19, 1786
and died on June 5, 1826.
• His body of Catholic religious music
was highly popular in 19th century
Germany, and he composed one of
the earliest song cycles, Die
Temperamente beim Verluste der
Geliebten ([Four] Temperaments on
the Loss of a Lover).
.
35 20XX
• Weber was also notable as one of
 FREDERIC FRANCOIS
CHOPIN
• Chopin was born on March 1,
1810 and died on October 17,
1849. He was a Polish composer
and a Virtuoso pianist of the
Romantic era who wrote
primarily for the solo piano.
• He gained and has maintained
renown worldwide as one of the
leading musicians of his era,
whose "poetic genius was
based on a professional
36
technique that was without 2 0 X X
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E
 ROBERT SCHUMANN
• Schumann was a German
composer and infl uential music
critic. He was born on June 8,
1810 but died on June 29, 1856.
He composed 138
• one of the songs he composed
is "The First Green," Schumann
was regarded as one of the
greatest composers of the
Romantic period.

37 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 FRANZ LISZT

• Liszt was a prolifi c Hungarian

composer, virtuoso pianist,
conductor, music teacher,
arranger, organist,
philanthropist, author,
nationalist and a Franciscan
tertiary. He was born on October
22, 1811 and died on July 31,
1886.
• He composed Hungarian
rhapsodies. It has two parts
38 "Losson" or
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I Tslow
LE dance and 20XX
 WILHELM RICHARD
WAGNER
• Wagner was a German composer,
theatre director, polemicist, and
conductor. He was primarily
known for his opera. He was
born on May 22, 1813 and died
on February 13, 1883.
• Wagner wrote both the libretto
and the music for each of his
stage works.

39 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MODERN MUSIC

• Modern music is the music of the twentieth and

twenty-first centuries. New musical styles have
been developed such a popular or pop music,
rock, jazz, folk, alternative country, and western
music.

• New music is being introduced by modern

composers. With the emergence of new
technology, they were forced to consider
experimental ways in framing their musical
ideas. Electronic music, chance music, and
minimalist music are the "in" thing.
40 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 ACHILLE-CLAUDE
• Since 1890, DEBUSSY
he was known as
Claude-Achille Debussy. He was
born on August 22, 1861 and
died on March 25, 1918. Debussy
was a French composer.
• He was among the most
infl uential composers of the late
19 th and early 20 th centuries, and
his use of non-traditional scales
and chromaticism infl uenced
many composers who followed.

41 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 IGOR STRAVINSKY
He was a Russian composer. He
studied music under Korsakov and
in 1909 his composition was heard
by Diaghilev. He was asked to
compose music for ballet: The
Firebird.

42 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 ARNOLD FRANZ
WALTER
• He was SCHOENBERG
an Austrian composer,
music theorists, and painter. He
was an associationist in poetry
and art with the rise of the Nazi
Party, Schoenberg's works were
labeled degenerate music
because they were modernist,
and atonal.
• He was known early in his career
for simultaneously extending the
traditionally opposed German
43 Romantic styles
P R E S E N TAT I O N TITLE of Brahms and
20XX
 JOSEPH MAURICE
RAVEL
Ravel was a French composer,
pianist and conductor. He was born
on March 7, 1875 and died
December 28, 1937. He belongs to
the impressionism movement
along with his contemporary
Claude Debussy. In 1920 up to
1930, he was internationally
regarded as France's greatest
living composer .

44 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 AARON COPLAND
Copland was born on November 14,
1907 and died on December 2,
1990. He was an American
composer, composition teacher,
writer and later a conductor of his
own and other American music.
Copland is known as the "Dean of
American Composers," by his peers
and critics .

45 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSIC AND
DANCE
GENRES
CHAPTER 7

46 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSIC FOR
RELIGIOUS PURPOSE
First, music is used for praise and
worship in most denominations.
This is exemplifi ed by the song
"Lead Me Lord" for adoration of God
seeking for the right direction.
Second, music is commonly used in
fi esta like the traditional singing of
the Bato Baani sa Gugma (Magnet
of Love) by the devotees of Señor
Santo Niño de Cebu.

47 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSIC FOR
ENTERTAINMENT
• The success of entertainment is
dependent on music. For the third
reason, music is used for dance.
• The Trumpet Dance is one of its
examples. Fourth reason is when
music is used for theater like "All I
Ask of You" in the Phantom of the
Opera. Fifth reason when music is
used in the staging of concerts like
piano concerts, musical recitals
and other concerts on stage. Sixth
reason is when music is used for
48 shows
.
or gigs like Nina's live 2 0 X X
 MUSIC FOR TRIBAL
IDENTITY
Tribal communities use music in
their rituals and ceremonial
practices, as component of their
cultural traditions. This is the
seventh reason when music is used
in their ritual dances like the
"Babanan."

49 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSIC FOR SOCIO-
CULTURAL OCCASION
The use of music in socio-cultural
occasion is obvious. It is joyfully
celebrated during the celebrations
of festivals, fi estas, weddings and
burials.

50 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSIC FOR
POLITICAL CAMPAIGN
Music is used to increase
political patronage and
assurance to win the election.
During campaign periods,
political candidates use musical
jingles and chants to attract
followers and supporters, in
order to get elected. This
eleventh reason provides
opportunities for political
advertisements in media
51 platforms
P R E S E N T A T I.O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSIC FOR EARNING
PRESTIGE
Enhancing one's talent in music
off ers a lot of windows of
opportunities. Individuals join
various singing competitions to
get their luck, like joining the
"American Idol" or "Idol
Philippines." This is the last of the
purposes of music .

52 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 THE SIX MAJOR PERIODS OF THE
DEVELOPMENT MUSIC
Based on the Eurocentric view, the development of music is
characterized in six periods: Medieval (450-1400);
Renaissance (1400-1600); Baroque (1600- 1750); Classical
(1750-1820); Romantic (1820-1900); and 20 ^ (th) Century
and Beyond (1900-present). Because of political dominance
of the West, Oriental music remains unknown to the West.
It does not mean that Asia, Africa and the rest of the world
do not have music. Music in these places are associated
with Islamic, Hindu, Buddhist and tribal traditions typical
to the cultural orientations and practices of the people in
the East. However, we have to take the Western history of
music, in this Chapter, to discuss how music witnessed the
sophistication of Western civilization.

53 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MEDIEVAL PERIOD
(450-1400)
Medieval period is also known as the Middles Ages or
the Dark Ages. This period was the starting point of
music history documentation through the presence of
printing press. Trial and error method determined the
accurate sound of every pitch name. In the
beginning, sacred music was developed dealing with
religious themes, but in the long run, traveling
musicians known as and trouveres performed secular
music that focused on heroic deeds and love.
Majority of the famous personalities and composers
of Medieval period were men.

54 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
MEDIEVAL MUSIC IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE
FOLLOWING:
1. Simple tunes;

2. Chant music:

3. Passing of music through the word of mouth;

4. Beginning to use formal notation;

5. Beginning and flourishing of music theories and

6. Beginning and development of musical instrument

55 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
The common terminologies used in this period include the
Gregorian chant, polyphony and rhythmic modes. The
Gregorian Chant was 10th founded by Pope Gregory the
Great and became popular; unaccompanied and usually in
monophony (singing of single notes at the same time).
Polyphony was developed in the year 1000 where more
than 1 note was played at the same time that included
harmony, counterpoint and chords. Lastly, the rhythmic
modes, which later on became known as intervals (the gap
or distance from one note to the other), was developed by
the composers in Notre Dame School of Polyphony.

56 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
3. PERCUSSION
1 . W I N D I N ST R U M E NTS 2. STRING INSTRUMENTS
INSTRUMENTS
include the
include the flute are the lute (a
dulcimer (plucked
(transverse large pear-shaped
by striking the
woodwind body with gut
strings with small
instrument), strings), fiddle
hammers),
trumpet (developed from
tambourine
(extremely limited 500 Byzantine
(resembling a
range of notes lyra, which turned
shallow drum
being played and to violin during
with small metal
used to the 1500), gittern
disks around the
(ancestor of
edge), drums
guitar, similar to
57 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E
(barrel-shaped 2 0 X X
lute, plucked with
 EXAMPLES
WIND INSTRUMENT STRING INSTRUMENTS PERCUSSION
INSTRUMENTS

58 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 FAMOUS PERSONALITIES AND COMPOSERS

The Medieval period produced musicians and composers

that left legacies of music to the world like Pope Gregory
the Great, Gillaume de Marchaut and Hildegard of Bingen.
Pope Gregory the Great was the founder of the Great
Gregorian Chant. Gillaume de Machaut became the founder
of secular music. He was a traveling musician who
composed singing and spoken words that inspired the
writer, Geoffrey Chaucer, a highly respected figure in
Medieval era. Hildegard of Bingen, German nun, herbalist
and composer produced 69 musical compositions

59 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 MUSICAL GENRE
DURING THE
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
The religious music known as
sacred music was very popular
during this age. The lyrics of the
songs depict praise and worship
themes like hymns, which were
used in masses and other church
celebrations. The emergence of
religious music paved the way to
Gospel music that is intended for
praise and worship within the
context of religious engagement in
60
the Christian Church.
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600)

After the period of turmoil brought by the Dark Ages, the

revival of cultures from Greece and Rome ushered the
reawakening of the arts known as renaissance or rebirth.
During the renaissance, music underwent development.
First, through the improvement of printing press, music
began to circulate all over Europe. Second, women were
accepted to be with men in the musical scene. Third,
polyphonic type of music began. Fourth, aristocrats and
rich people could afford to hire musicians for celebrations
and events. Fifth, secular music became widespread as it
was commercially recognized. Sixth, instrumental music
gained its attractiveness to many compared to the vocal
music. Lastly, vocal music still existed.

61 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 DURING THIS PERIOD THE FOLLOWING
TERMINOLOGIES WERE COMMONLY USED:
1. Harmony - 2 or more notes being played at the same time;
2. Triad -3 notes being played at the same time and its
intervals is in thirds;
3. Major triad-happy tune is produced (formula: 4hs, 3hs of
intervals used);
4. Minor triad - sad tune is produced (formula: 3hs, 4hs of
intervals used);
5. Word Painting - a musical representation of specific poetic
images;
6. Renaissance Motet - a polyphonic choral work set to a
sacred Latin text other than the ordinary of the mass;
7. Renaissance Mass - a polyphonic choral composition made
of 5 sections: Kyrie, Gloria,
62
Credo, Sanctus and Agnus Dei. 2 0 X X
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E
 JOSQUIN DES PREZ

a Flemish composer from Hainaut

(now a part of Belgium) founder of
renaissance motet, contemporary
of da Vinci and Columbus and his
famous work is Ave Maria... Virgo
Serena (1475);

63 P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
 GIOVANNI PIERLUIGI
DA PALESTRINA
founder of renaissance mass, de-
voted himself to music for the
Catholic church and his famous
work is Pope Marcellus Mass (1552-
1553);

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 THOMAS WEELKES
one of the fi nest English
madrigals, an organist and church
composer and his famous work is
As Vesta Was Descending (1601)
in honor of Queen Elizabeth .

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 BAROQUE PERIOD (1600 - 1750)

The Baroque period is also known in history as the "Age of

Absolutism." During the Age of Absolutism, monarchs
accumulated wealth, controlled the power of the state and
built empires. Monarchs commissioned artists to embellish
their palaces with gorgeous art masterpieces and
organized musical orchestra in very important occasions
for the guests and members of the royal families.

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 THE MUSICAL GENRE DURING THE BAROQUE
PERIOD
For entertainment, the Baroque music is known for the use
of the harpsichord and the violin family of instrumentation
as a dominant musical instrument. The orchestra was the
most famous musical genre. It comprised of a large group
of musicians who played together on various instruments
usually with the complete set of string, wind and
percussion section of instrumentations. This became
popular until the remaining period of the 20th century, as a
form of a social entertainment.

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 BAROQUE MUSIC IS UNIQUE BASED ON
THESE CHARACTERISTICS:
1. Unity of mood. What begins joyfully will remain all
throughout, and emotions and affections are present
during the performance of a baroque piece.
2. Rhythm. Rhythmic patterns are heard at the beginning
of a piece and are repeated throughout the end of the
piece
3. Melody. Like in rhythm, the opening melody. of the
Baroque music will be heard again and again during the
entire duration of the presentation.
4. Dynamics. There is the presence of terraced dynamics,
which are defined within the terminologies of the song.
5. Texture. Baroque music is predominantly polyphonic in
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texture that is two or more melodic lines compete for
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E 20XX
the listener's attention.
 BAROQUE MUSIC IS UNIQUE BASED ON
THESE CHARACTERISTICS
6. Chords and Basso Continuo. Chords are dominantly a
part of baroque composition in which a chord can be played
together or one note after the other.

7. Words and music. These often emphasized words by

writing rapid notes for a single syllable of a text in Baroque
music.

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 MUSIC TERMINOLOGIES

Baroque music uses these terminologies such as basso

continuo, baroque orchestra, movement, concerto grosso
and ritornello form, fugue, opera, sonata, suite, cantata
and oratorio which are described subsequently.

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1. Basso Continuo - otherwise known as figured bass and
usually done in an accompaniment manner
2. Baroque Orchestra - a combination of different musical
instruments being played at the same time
3. Movement a piece that sounds fairly complete and
independent but is - part of a larger composition
4. Concerto Grosso and Ritornello Form - concerto grosso
means a small group of soloists is pitted against a large
group of players called the tutti (all) while in the ritornello
form, the tutti opens a theme called ritornello or refrain
5. Fugue - a polyphonic composition based on one main
theme call the subject

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6. Opera - a drama that is sung to orchestral
accompaniment
7. Sonata a composition in several movements for one to
eight - instruments
8. Suite a composition that is based on a dance-inspired
movement -
9. Cantata - a piece that was sung
10. Oratorio is a large-scale composition for chorus, vocal
soloists and - orchestra

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 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS DURING THE
BAROQUE PERIOD
During this period the following musical
instruments were commonly used such as the
harpsichord, violin, viola, cello and the double
bass. Each one is subsequently defined.

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EXAMPLES:

1. Harpsichord - defined in renaissance period

2. Violin the soprano voice of the violin family of
instrumentation tha usually has a set of four strings with f-
holes and scroll and played with a bow
3. Viola - the alto voice of the violin family and a bit larger
than th violin
4. Cello the player will always be in a seated manner and
the teno voice of the violin family of instrumentation
5. Double bass - the biggest of the violin family of
instrumentation and the bass voice of the group

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