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MD 5

MD5 is a hash algorithm that produces a 128-bit digest from a 512-bit input, designed to be easy to compute and difficult to reverse. It follows a series of steps including padding, appending length, and processing blocks through a compression function. Compared to its predecessor MD4, MD5 has more rounds and improved security features.

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24 views12 pages

MD 5

MD5 is a hash algorithm that produces a 128-bit digest from a 512-bit input, designed to be easy to compute and difficult to reverse. It follows a series of steps including padding, appending length, and processing blocks through a compression function. Compared to its predecessor MD4, MD5 has more rounds and improved security features.

Uploaded by

Dhaval Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MD5

A Hash Algorithm…
MD5
Why HASH?
 Fingerprint of message does not tell
anything about the message.
 This is because there are infinite other
possible equations which can produce
same result.
Principle Of MD
 Easy to Compute
 Same message same MD
 Difficult to reverse
 Different message different MD
 Collision
 Birthday Paradox for collision detection
History
 Series of MD algorithm.
 Original message digest algorithm called as MD.
 MD2 (1989) for 8 bit PC, rounds18 found to be
quite weak.
 MD3 was failure never released.
 MD4 (1990) digest length128 bits rounds 3, found
to wantig.
 MD5 (1992) we will discuss it in details.
 MD6 (2008) variable digest size up to 512 bits &
rounds.
How MD5 Works?
 Digest Length=128 bit
 I/P Text=512 bit
 Sub Block size-32bit
 512/32=16 total Sub blocks
 No. Of Rounds=4
 Iteration per round=16
 Chaining Variable = 4*32=128
 K[t] constant = Where t=0 to 63
 O/P-> four 32 bit blocks
Steps
1. Padding
2. Append length
3. Divide the I/P in 512 bit blocks
4. Initialize chaining variables
5. Process blocks
a) Copying chaining variables into temporary
var.
b) Sub blocks within a block
c) i/p to round temp var,16 bit sub
block ,constant [t]
Step 4.Initialize chaining variables

 A 128 bit buffer (4 registers) is used


to hold the intermediate and final
result of the hash function. They are
initialized to the following values:
A = 01234567
B = 89ABCDEF
C = FEDCBA98
D = 76543210
At this point the message is passed in
blocks of 512 bits through the
compression function as seen below:
After all the 512 bit blocks have been processed a 128 bit message digest is
produced, which is a function of all the bits of your message.
The operations of the Functions F, G, H, I can be expressed by the following diagram:
Understanding The Process P

 where g can be expressed as:

ROUND 1: (b AND c) OR (b`AND d)


ROUND 2: (b AND d) OR (c AND d`)
ROUND 3: b XOR c XOR d
ROUND 4: c XOR (b OR d`)
MD5 v/s MD4
Point of MD4 MD5
discussion
Number of Rounds 3 4
Use of Additive Same for all the Different for all the
Constant t iteration iteration
Process P Less Random More Random
Security Less More

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