1 Metacognition
1 Metacognition
monitoring comprehension
When students are metacognitive, they have
an understanding of learning in three areas:
(Jetton & Dole, 2004).
they understand a
variety of strategies
and how to use them
in a variety of
situations (Strategy
Variables).
Person
Variables
METACOG
NITION
Strategy
Task Variables
Variables • Meta-attention
• Meta-memory
Metacognitive Knowledge
Person variables
• This includes how one views himself
as a learner and thinker
• This refers to knowledge about how
human beings learn and process
information as well as individual
knowledge of one’s own learning
processes.
Metacognitive Knowledge
Task variables
• It includes knowledge about the
nature of the task as well as the type
of processing demands that it will
place upon the individual.
• It is about knowing what exactly
needs to be accomplished, gauging
its difficulty and knowing the kind of
effort it will demand of you.
Metacognitive Knowledge
Strategy variables
• Involves awareness of the strategy you
are using to learn a topic and evaluating
whether this strategy is effective. If you
think your strategy is not working, then
you may think of various strategies and
try out one to see if it will help you learn
better
Strategy Variables
Meta-attention
Meta-memory
Knowing which learning strategies are effective and which are not
Q-
Question The learner is given questions or he thinks
of questions about what he will soon learn
The learner then intentionally exerts effort
to listen. He becomes aware if he is
L – Listen momentarily detracted and goes back to
listen again
R–
Remember The learner uses ways or strategies to
remember what was learned
PQ4R
• Scan the whole chapter before delving on each