GROUP 5 | UNIT 6

TENSES
 GROUP 5 MEMBERS
1 HỒ MINH NHỰT 5 HUỲNH HỮU HỒNG HIỆP

2 THÁI NGUYỄN HOÀI TÂM 6 NGUYỄN THỊ LAN

3 HUỲNH QUANG TUẤN 7 TRẦN THỊ LỆ

PHƯƠNG
8 NGUYỄN THỊ SINH
4 Y CHEN MLÔ
 CONTENT
I. Past Simple.
1. Introduction.
2. Positive, Negatives, and questions.
3. Use.
II. Past Continuous.
1. Introduction.
2. Form.
3. Use.
III. Past Continuous or Past Simple?
1. Introduction.
2. It happened as I was driving.
3. The sun was shining.
IV. Present Perfect.
1. Introduction.
2. Form.
3. Irregular forms.
4. Use.
5. Indicators of the Present Perfect tense.
V. Exercises
VI. Games
 T h e
ck l y.
q ui s i de
1. Introduction v e ry f the
n ed ut o t h e
p p e h t o
t i n to ’t
l h a ra i g en i d n
t al e s t n w e r d
I. PAST
I a m he va riv car
c d
car , and t he van as the
road of it. T ce. It w
k
bac a chan t.
SIMPLE h av
driv
e
er ’s f a ul
 2. Positive, negatives, and questions

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION

 A regular past form ends in -ed.  I/you/he/she/it/we/they did not  Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they stop?
It happened very quickly. stop OR didn't stop. Did you ring home? ~ Yes, I did.
The van crashed into the car. The car did not stop.
The driver didn't look to his right
 Some verbs have an irregular past form.  We do not use a past form such
 We do not use a past form such as
The car came out of a side road. as stopped or rang in questions
stopped or rang in negatives NOT Did you rang?
Vicky rang earlier.
NOT The car didn't stopped
 We also use was and were in questions
 The past simple is the same in all persons  We also use was and were in
Was I/he/she/it?
except in the past tense of be. negatives Were you/we/they?
I/he/she/it + was I/he/she/it was not OR wasn't
you/we/they were not OR weren't Where was your friend last night?
you/we/they + were
Was your steak nice?
I was ill last week. I wasn't very well last week.
Those cakes were nice. The gates weren't open.
 3. Use

 We use the past simple for something in the past which

is finished

Examples:
Emma passed her exam last year.
I knew what the problem was.
We went to the theatre on Friday.
When did you buy this car? ~ About three years ago.
Elvis Presley died in 1977.
 1.Introduction
The past continuous means that at a time in the past we

II. PAST were in the middle of an action.

CONTINUOUS
 2. Form: The past continuous is the past tense of be + an ing-form.

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION

I/he/she/it was playing I/he/she/it wasn’t playing Was I/he/she/it playing?

you/we/they were playing you/we/they weren’t playing Were you/we/they playing?

Examples: Examples: Examples:

• Soft music was playing. • I wasn't dreaming. I really • Why did you give our secret
• People were walking in was in New York City. away?
the park. What were you thinking of?
• Was Matthew
already waiting for you
when you got there?
 Melanie: I rang at about three yesterday afternoon, but you weren't in. I
didn't know where you were.
3. Use
David: Oh, I was helping Mike. We were repairing his car. It took ages.
Read this conversation We were working on it all afternoon.
Melanie: It was raining. I hope you weren't doing it outside.
David: No, we were in the garage. So I didn't get wet. But I'm afraid I got
oil all over my new trousers.
Melanie: Why were you wearing your new trousers to repair a car?
David: I don't know. I forgot I had them on.
It was raining at three o'clock means that at three o'clock we were in the
middle of a period of rain. The rain began before three and stopped some
time after three.
We were working all afternoon means that the action went on for the
whole period. David is stressing the length of time that the work went on.

 We use the continuous with actions. We do not normally use it with

state verbs (see Unit 7). For states we use the past simple.
I didn't know where you were, NOT I wasn't knowing...
 1. Introduction
A reporter is interviewing Mike and Harriet.

Reporter: Mike and Harriet, tell me what

you saw.
Harriet: Well, when we were driving home
III. PAST CONTINUOUS last night, we saw a strange object in the sky.
OR PAST SIMPLE Mike: As we were coming down the hill into
town, it just suddenly appeared in front of us.
We stopped the car and got out.
Harriet: It was a very clear night. The
stars were twinkling.
Mike: It was a spaceship. It seemed quite big.
It had some strange writing on the side.
And a light was flashing on the top.
Harriet: As we were watching it, it
suddenly flew away and disappeared.
 1. Introduction

PAST CONTINUOUS PAST SIMPLE

 We use the past simple for a
 We use the past continuous for an
complete action in the past.
action that we were in the middle of.
• We drove home.
• We were driving home.
(We finished our journey.)
(We were in the middle of our journey.)
• The spaceship flew away.
• A light was flashing.  We also use the past simple (not
 We do not normally use the past
normally the continuous) for
continuous for states. See Unit 7.
states. See Unit 7.
• NOT The spaceship was seeming ...
• The spaceship seemed quite big.
• NOT It was having writing ...
It had writing on the side.
• NOT I wasn't knowing ...
• I didn't know what it was.
2. It happened as I was driving

 We often use the Past Continuous and Past Simple together

when one ( shorter) action comes in the middle of another
( longer) one.
Examples:
• As we were driving down the hill, a strange object
appeared in the sky.
• While Laura was sitting in the garden, it suddenly began to
rain.
The appearance of the strange object comes in the middle of the
longer action, the drive down the hill.
Longer action: w e w e r e d r v i n g d o w n t h e h i l l
Shorter action: an object appeared.
2. It happened as I was driving

 In the three sentences above, the past continuous comes after as,
while or when (As we were driving ...). We can also
use when before the past simple.
• We were driving down the hill when a strange
object appeared in the sky.
• David was making lunch when the phone rang.

 But we use two past simple verbs for one action after another.
• When we saw the spaceship, we stopped the car. (= We saw it and
then we stopped.)
 3. The sun was shining

PAST CONTINUOUS PAST SIMPLE

 We often use the past continuous  We use the past simple for
to describe the background. actions in a story.
• The sun was shining. • We arrived at the beach.
• The stars were twinkling. • The aliens landed quietly.
 1.Introduction
 The present perfect tells us about the past
and the present.
The aircraft has landed means that the aicraft
IV. PRESENT is on the ground now.

PERFECT
 2. Form: The present perfect is the present tense of have + a past participle.

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION

I/you/ we/ they have washed OR Have I/you/we/they washed?
I/you/we/they haven't washed
I/ you/ we/ they’ve washed Has he/she/it washed?
he/she/it hasn't washed
he/she/it has
washed OR he/she/it's washed

 Regular past participles end  Regular past participles end

 Regular past participles end
in ed, e.g. washed, landed in ed, e.g. opened, scored
in ed, e.g. finished
Examples: Exemples:
Example:
• We've washed the dishes. • The students haven't Have you opened your letter?
• The aircraft has landed safely. How many
finished their exams.
points has Matthew scored?
 3. Irregular Forms

Some participles are irregular.

Examples:
• I've made a shopping list.
• Have you written the letter?

There is a present perfect of be and of have.

Examples:
• The weather has been awful.
• I've had a lovely time, thank you.
 4. Use

 When we use the Present Perfect, we see things as happening in the

past but having a result in the present.

Examples:
• We've washed the dishes. (They're clean now.)
• We've eaten all the eggs. (There aren't any left.)
• You've broken this watch. (It isn't working.)
• The aircraft has landed. (It's on the ground now.)
• They've learnt the words. (They know the words.)
 5. Indicators of the present perfect tense

Just, already and yet

Just means 'a short time ago'. Vicky
heard about the concert not long ago.

Already means 'sooner than expected'.

They sold the tickets very quickly.

We use yet when we are expecting

something to happen. Vicky expects that
Rachel will buy a ticket.

Just and already come before the past

participle (heard, sold). Yet comes at
the end of a question or a negative
sentence.
 5. Indicators of the present perfect tense

For and since

 We can use the present perfect with for and since.
• Vicky has only had that camera for three days.
• Those people have been at the hotel since Friday.
Here something began in the past and has lasted up to the present time.
We use for to say how long this period is (for three days). We use since to
say when the period began (since Friday).

 We use how long in questions

• How long has Vicky had that camera? ~ Since Thursday, I think.
• How long have Trevor and Laura been married? ~ Oh, for about three
years.

 We can also use the present perfect with for and since when something
has stopped happening.
I haven't seen Rachel for ages. She hasn't visited us since July.
5. Indicators of the present perfect tense

Gone to or been to?

Claire has gone to Australia. Claire has been to Australia.

Gone there means that she is still there. Been there means that the visit is over.
 5. Indicators of the present perfect tense

Ever and
never
Mark: Where have you been this time, Claire?
Claire: I've just come back from the States. Florida.
Mark: You get around, don't you? I've never been to Florida. Was
it good?
Claire: It was OK. Not as good as Australia. I might go to Brazil
next time. Have you ever been there?
Mark: No, I haven’t.

 We can use ever and never with the Present Perfect. We use
ever in questions.
In “Have you ever been to Brazil?” the word ever means 'in your
whole life up to the present time'.
Never means 'not ever'.
 5. Indicators of the present perfect tense

First time, second

time, etc.
 After It's/This is the first/second time, we use the present
perfect.
• This is the first time we've been to Scotland, so it's all new to
us.
• This is the second time Rachel has forgotten to give me a
message.

Today, this week, etc.

 We use the Present Perfect with today and phrases with this,
e.g. this morning, this week, this year.
• We've done quite a lot of work today.
• I haven't watched any television so far this week.
V. EXERCISES
 Page 84

EXERCISE 1
Positive forms
Complete the newspaper story about a fire. Put in the Past Simple forms of the verbs

Two people ………… died (die) in a fire in Ellis Street, Oldport yesterday morning. They (1)
were
………………(be) Herbert and Molly Paynter, a couple in their seventies. The fire (2)
…………. started(start) at 3.20 a.m. A neighbour, Mr. Aziz, (3)…… (see) saw the flames and (4) ………
calledthe fire brigade. He also (5) ……. (try)tried
(call) to get into the house and rescue his neighbours,
but the heat (6) ……(be) too great.was The fire brigade (7) ..…….. (arrive) inarrived
five minutes. Twenty
fire-fighters (8) ………(fight) the fire and finally (9) …………(bring)brought
fought it under control. Two
fire-fighters (10)…………. (enter) entered
the burning building but (11) …………. (find) foundthe couple
dead.
 Page 84

Negatives and Questions

EXERCISE 2
Complete the conversation.
Did you have
Claire: ………………..(you / have) a nice weekend in Paris?
We didn’t try
Mark: Yes, thanks. It was good. We looked around and then we saw a show. (1) ……………………(we / not/try) to do too
much.
did you see
Claire: What sights (2) ………….……(you / see)?
I didn’t know
Mark: We had a look round the Louvre (3)… ………….….(I / not / know) there was so much in there.
did you go
Claire: And what show (4) ………..………..(you go) to?
I didn’t like
Mark: Oh, a musical. I forget the name (5) …………..…….(I/not / like) it.
did Sarah enjoy
Claire: Oh, dear. And (6) ………………………..(Sarah / enjoy) it?
I didn’t want
Mark: No, not really. But we enjoyed the weekend. Sarah did some shopping, too, but (7) …………………..(I / not /
want) to go shopping.
 Page 86

Form
EXERCISE 3
Complete the conversation. Put in the Past Continuous forms
I was looking
Jessica: ……………………(I/look) for you, Vicky. I'm afraid I've broken this dish.
were you doing
Vicky: Oh no! What (1) ……………………..(you / do)?
I was taking
Jessica: (2) …………………(I/take) it into the kitchen. I bumped into Emma.
She was coming I was going
(3) ……………………(she/come) out just as (4) ………..…………(I/go) in.
You weren’t looking
Vicky: I expect it was your fault. (5)….……………………..(you/not/look) where (6) ……..
you were going
………………(you / go).
Jessica: Sorry. I'll buy you another one as soon as I have some money.
 EXERCISE 4 Page 90
Complete the dialogue
Laura: How is the painting going? Have you finished ?( you/ finish)
I haven't done
Trevor: No, I haven't. Painting the ceiling is really difficult, you know. (1)............................(I/ not/do) very much. And
hasn’t made
it looks just the same as before. This new paint (2).......................(not/make) any difference.
You haven’t put
Laura: (3)..............................(you/not/put) enough on.
I have hurt
Trevor: (4)……….............(I/hurt) my back. It feels bad.
you have had
Laura: Oh, you and your back. You mean (5)........................(you/have) enough of decorating. Well, I'll do it. Where
Have you put
(6)........................(you/put) the brush?
It has disappeared
Trevor: I don't know. (7)……………….........(it/ disappear).
I have looked
(8)……………….......(I/ look) for it, but I can't find it.
have you done
Laura: You're hopeless, aren't you? How much (9)..........................(you/do) in here?
I have painted
Nothing! (10)...........................(I/paint) two doors.
I have cleaned
Trevor: (11)............................(I/clean) all this old paint around the window. It looks much better now, doesn't it?
We have made has that brush gone
Laura: (12).............................(we/make) some progress, I suppose. Now, where (13)...................................(that
brush/go)?
you have left
Oh, (14)..........................(you/leave) it on the ladder, look.
VI. GAMES

The Past Simple

Past Continuous
Present Perfect
1) What did Claire do on holiday last month? Look at her photos and use these words:
go out dancing, have a picnic, play volleyball, swim in the sea

She swam in the sea.

1) What did Claire do on holiday last month? Look at her photos and use these words:
go out dancing, have a picnic, play volleyball, swim in the sea

She had a picnic.

1) What did Claire do on holiday last month? Look at her photos and use these words:
go out dancing, have a picnic, play volleyball, swim in the sea

She played volleyball.

1) What did Claire do on holiday last month? Look at her photos and use these words:
go out dancing, have a picnic, play volleyball, swim in the sea

She went out dancing.

2) Observe the pictures and choose the correct answers
Today is the first of January, the start of the New Year. Most people are feeling a bit tired. What
were they doing at midnight last night?

A. Vicky and Rachel were A. Tom drove his taxi

A. Trevor and Laura are watching A. Andrew is writing an essay
dancing in the street
television B. Tom was driving his taxi
B. Vicky and Rachel are dancing B. Andrew wrote an essay
B. Trevor and Laura were
in the street C. Tom is driving his taxi
watching television C. Andrew was writing an essay
C. Vicky and Rachel danced in
C. Trevor and Laura watched
the street
television
 3) Past Continuous OR Past Simple

1. he/ sit down/ on 2. as/ he/ run/ for a 3. his hair /catch / 4. when/ he/ hold/ a 5. he/ sit/ in the
a chair/ while/ I/ bus/ he / collide/ fire/ when/ he/ cook/ beautiful vase/ he/ garden/ when/ a wasp/
with a lamppost chips suddenly/ drop/ it sting/ him/ on the nose
paint/ it

He sat down on a As he was His hair caught fire When he was holding He was sitting in the
chair while I was running for a bus, when he was a beautiful vase, he garden when a wasp
painting it. he collided with a cooking chips. suddenly dropped it. stung him on the nose.
lamppost .
4) CROSSWORD:
Say what people have He has broken his leg
done?
 Use these verbs:
break, build, catch,
see
 And these object: a
film, a fish, a house, They have built a house
his leg

They have seen a film

She has caught a fish

THANK YOU