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Unit 4

Unit 4 discusses the impact of human activities on the natural world, emphasizing the balance between environmental interactions and fair human development for sustainability. It highlights key concepts such as ecology, biodiversity, and the distinction between renewable and non-renewable resources, along with the importance of environmental stewardship as advocated by Aldo Leopold. The unit also explores the implications of resource management and the consequences of exploitation on various factors including cultural, economic, and ethical dimensions.

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18 views37 pages

Unit 4

Unit 4 discusses the impact of human activities on the natural world, emphasizing the balance between environmental interactions and fair human development for sustainability. It highlights key concepts such as ecology, biodiversity, and the distinction between renewable and non-renewable resources, along with the importance of environmental stewardship as advocated by Aldo Leopold. The unit also explores the implications of resource management and the consequences of exploitation on various factors including cultural, economic, and ethical dimensions.

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nandini.singh9798
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Unit 4

Making
Informed
Choices
How do humans impact the natural
world ?
◈ Key Concept – Change
◈ Related Concept – Consequences and Environment
◈ Global Concept - Fairness and development
Human capability and development, ecology and impact
◈ SOI - A balance of changing environmental interactions and fair human development helps
shape sustainable consequences.
Aldo Leopold – (1887-1948)
Aldo Leopold – (1887-1948)
◈ https://youtu.be/2K-s90asf4o?feature=shared
◈ Father of the modern environmental conservation movement.
◈ Environmental stewardship - Responsible use and protection
of the natural environment through active participation in
conservation efforts and sustainable practices by individuals,
small groups, nonprofit organizations, federal agencies, and other
collective networks.
Key Words
◈ Ecology
◈ Environment
◈ Ecosystem
◈ Biotic components
◈ Abiotic components
◈ Biodiversity
◈ Sustainability
Environment and Ecology
◈ Environment can be defined as a sum total of all the living and
non-living elements and their effects that influence human life.
◈ Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms,
including humans, and their physical environment; it seeks to
understand the vital connections between plants and animals and
the world around them.
Functions of Environment
◈ Provides the supply of resources
◈ Sustains life
◈ Assimilates waste
◈ Enhances the quality of life
Natural Resources
◈ Natural resources are materials from the Earth that are used to
support life and meet people's needs. Any natural substance that
humans use can be considered a natural resource. Oil, coal,
natural gas, metals, stone and sand are natural resources.
Renewable and Non-Renewable
Resources
◈ (1) Renewable resources are the resources that can never be
exhausted or depleted with continuous use.
◈ There remains a continuous supply of renewable resources.
◈ Examples: Water, trees, etc.
◈ (2) Non-renewable resources are the resources that get exhausted
with their extraction and use.
◈ Examples: Coal, petroleum, iron ore, etc.
Criterion D
◈ What are your beliefs about our relationship with nature?
◈ Create the spectrum of your responses about the statements
given on page no. 35
◈ Consider ethical, cultural and environmental implications
Criterion A and Criterion D

Describe the cultural, economic, environmental,


ethical, political or social factors that affect the
use of natural resources

◈ Present your information to the rest of the class. You might choose
to use a graphic organizer, such as a table, or a slideshow, to
organize and share what you learn about the types of natural
resources and factors that mighy
New Terms
◈ Technocentric
◈ Eco centric
◈ Anthropocentric
Ecosystem
◈ An ecosystem includes all the living things (plants, animals and
organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and with
their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate,
atmosphere). In an ecosystem, each organism has its own niche
or role to play.
Types of Ecosystem
Terrestrial ecosystem- Forest ecosystem
Grassland ecosystem
Desert ecosystem
Tundra ecosystem.
Aquatic ecosystem- Freshwater ecosystem
Marine ecosystem.
Healthy Environment
What are the characteristics of a healthy environment?
◈ The environment is successful when there are a variety of different species,
each with its own role, but dependent on others
◈ Biodiversity - Biodiversity is a term used to describe the enormous variety of
life on Earth. It can be used more specifically to refer to all of the species in
one region or ecosystem.
◈ Food chain – In a food chain group of organisms linked in order of the food
they eat, from producers to consumers, and from prey, predators,
scavengers, and decomposers.
◈ Food web - A food web consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem.
Each living thing in an ecosystem is part of multiple food chains. Each food
chain is one possible path that energy and nutrients may take as they move
through the ecosystem.
Global Biodiversity Outlook 3
◈ https://youtu.be/EGMkW_vo5GU?si=Y479rqAbsg_E-w_l
◈ What is the current state of biodiversity in the world?
◈ How is biodiversity being protected?
◈ https://www.cbd.int/gbo5
How does the environment change?
◈ What are some natural changes that occur in different ecosystem?
Consider different ecosystem around the world and try to come up
with examples of natural changes for each one?
◈ Explore the natural changes in an ecosystem further.
◈ Try image or video searches for Mount St Helen’s before and
after and present day.
Criterion C
◈ Activity : Everything Changes
◈ Page no. 40 and 41
◈ In this activity, using figure 2.8a to 2.8d , we will practise the skill
of reading and analysing data when it is presented in different
types of graphics.
Everything Changes
Tipping point
Tipping points are a point at which an ecosystem can no longer cope
with environmental change, and the ecosystem suddenly shifts from one
state to another.
Visible Thinking - Tipping point

What is the important message about


tipping point ? Write a newspaper headline
to show what you understand about tipping
points, and why it is important to consider
tipping points when thinking about human
impacts on the environment.
CRITERION A
Activity: You have reached the
tipping point
How can you represent the principles of tipping points in
a nonverbal way?
You may use an environmental examples of a tipping
point such as water lily.
What non verbal way do you prefer to represent tipping
points?
How do humans develop and
manage natural resources?
Criterion A and D
Activity- Natural resources in our life
Pg. 45 Table 2.3
What happens to the environment as a result of
people getting access to the natural resources?
What are the possible political, economic or cultural
effects?
Home Assignment

Compare and contrast between


Renewable and Non -renewable
resources.
How can managing and developing natural
resources change the environment?
Discuss
What are some consequences of the exploitation of
natural resources?
Consider cultural, economic, environmental, ethical,
political, and moral factors.
https://youtu.be/Wmvk3ZJdk9c?feature=shared
Petrochemical
Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems) are the
chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some
chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained
from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas,
Petrochemical products
Class Activity: Case study- Processing
petrochemical products
ATL : Critical Thinking Skill
Criterion A and D
Page no 47
1 What effect does the variety and popularity of petrochemical products have
on the demand of petroleum?
2 What might be some economic, environmental, or political factors
associated with the production and use of petrochemical products?
3 What are the implications of using petrochemical products when searching
for ways to reduce the amount of CO2 that is released into the environment
from processing fossil fuels?
Home Assignment
Criterion D
What are the environmental impacts of the disposal of unused or
unwanted petrochemical products?
What are some actions that people can take to reduce the
environmental impacts of using petrochemical products?
Hydrocarbon
The term hydrocarbon refers to an organic chemical compound that is
composed exclusively of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons are
naturally-occurring and form the basis of crude oil, natural gas, coal, and other
important energy sources. They are highly combustible and produce carbon
dioxide, water, and heat when they are burned. As such, hydrocarbons are
highly effective as a source of fuel.
Hydrocarbons
Polymers
A polymer is any of a class of natural or synthetic substances
composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules,
which are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers.
Polymers make up many of the materials in living organisms
and are the basis of many minerals and man-made materials.
Polymerization
Polymerization
Polymerization is the process to create polymers. These polymers are
then processed to make various kinds of plastic products. During
polymerization, smaller molecules, called monomers or building blocks,
are chemically combined to create larger molecules or a
macromolecule.
Polystyrene
Polystyrene (PS) is a polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid
hydrocarbon that is commercially manufactured from petroleum. At room
temperature, PS is normally a solid thermoplastic but can be melted at
higher temperature for moulding or extrusion, then resolidified.
Reflection
How has your understanding of the new ways in which humans
impact the natural world changed as a result of what you have
learned in this chapter?
I used to think Now I think
Home Assignment
To what extent do people have the ‘right’ to use natural resources?
To what extent should aa people have the same responsibility to
care for the environment?

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