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Mce 419 PPT 1

The document provides an overview of engineering metallurgy, detailing the processes involved in extracting metals from ores, including ore preparation and various branches of metallurgy such as chemical, physical, mechanical, and powder metallurgy. It emphasizes the economic aspects of metal extraction and the technological advancements in the field. Additionally, it outlines the significance of metallurgy in the production and processing of metals and materials.

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Timothy Adekanye
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9 views13 pages

Mce 419 PPT 1

The document provides an overview of engineering metallurgy, detailing the processes involved in extracting metals from ores, including ore preparation and various branches of metallurgy such as chemical, physical, mechanical, and powder metallurgy. It emphasizes the economic aspects of metal extraction and the technological advancements in the field. Additionally, it outlines the significance of metallurgy in the production and processing of metals and materials.

Uploaded by

Timothy Adekanye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MCE 419: ENGINEERING METALLURGY

ENGR. T. A. ADEKANYE
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT, LANDMARK UNIVERSITY

Office Hours: Monday – Friday, 8:00 – 17:00


adekanye.adeniyi@lmu.edu.ng, timoadek@yahoo.com
Ores
The minerals from which a metal can be extracted
economically and conveniently.
An ore is a type of rock that contains minerals with
important elements such as metals.
Ores are economically extracted through mining;
they are then refined to extract the valuable
element(s).
The grade or concentration of an ore mineral, or
metal, as well as its form of occurrence, will
directly affect the costs associated with mining it.
The cost of extraction must be weighed against the
metal value contained in the rock to determine
which ores should be processed and which ones are
of too low a grade to be worth mining.
Minerals
The compounds of a metal which are naturally available in
the earth’s crust and can be obtained by mining.

Minerals are naturally occurring substances that have a


definite internal structure.

They are found in various forms and are used for a variety
of purposes.
E.g., Diamond, limestone, fluoride, aluminum etc.
Ore Preparation
It takes multiple steps to extract the important elements
from the ore;

 First, the ore must be separated from unwanted rocks.


 Then, the minerals need to be separated from the ore
 Since most minerals are not pure metals, further
separation methods are required.
 Most minerals are chemical compounds that contain
metals and other elements
Metallurgy: is the art and science of economically extracting, refining,
and fabricating metals and alloys.
It has existed on Earth since antiquity. Gold, silver, and copper elements
that can occur as metals naturally were used as long as 10000 years ago.
Metals extraction technology can be traced back at least 6000 years.
Recently, major advances have been made in metallurgical processing.

Metallurgy is a subject that deals with the science and technology


applied for the extraction of metals economically on a large scale from
their respective ores.
The subject of metallurgy broadly divides
itself into;
• Chemical Metallurgy,

• Physical Metallurgy,

• Mechanical Metallurgy,

• Powder Metallurgy
Chemical Metallurgy
The branch of metallurgy that deals with the extraction
of metals from naturally occurring compounds and
their refinement to levels of purity suitable for
commercial use.

Extracting metal from its ore and purifying it;


•Fe2O3 (Hematite)
• Fe3O4(Magnetite)
In the form of minerals
•CuFe2 (Chalcopyrite)
•Al2O3.H2O (Boehmite)
Chemical Metallurgy
Ore (e.g. Iron)
Open Pit mining or Mining
underground mining

Crushing, Grinding, Screening Mineral Dressing

PRYROMETALLURGY (High Temperature)


e.g. Iron, steel, Pb, Tin (Sn), Cu
HYDROMETALLURGY (Taking it into solution)
e.g. Gold (Au), Silver (Ag), Vanadium (V), Al Chemical Metallurgy
ELECTROMETALLURGY (Electric current)
e.g. Lead (Pb), Ni, Cu
Mechanical Metallurgy
Deals with response of metals to forces or loads.
Mechanical Metallurgy

Mechanical assessment of Forming of metals into useful


materials shapes
Structural materials -forging, rolling, extrusion,
-Machine, aircraft, ship, car, etc. drawing, machining, etc.

We need to know conditions of load


We need to know limiting values of
and temperature to minimize the forces
which materials in service can withstand
that are needed to deform metal
without failure.
without failure.
Physical Metallurgy
Is concerned with the scientific study of materials.

• Phase transformations,
• Recovery and recrystallization,
• Precipitation hardening,
• Structure – property correlations,
• Characterization of microstructure by microscopy (optical,
electron and field-ion), are some specific examples among
the many topics covered under physical metallurgy
Powder Metallurgy
Is concerned with production and
processing of powdery forms of metals and
materials and of solid industrial products
therefrom.
Engineering Metallurgy
Mainly deals with the processing of metals
and materials in the molten condition.
Foundry, metal joining and other related
are as appear to come under its coverage.
QUESTIONS

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