Air Interface Protocols

LTE Air Interface Course

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Air Interface Protocols

Radio Protocols Architecture

RRC Tasks and States
Layer 2 Functions and Data Flow
Protocols Configuration Example

3 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Radio Protocols Architecture

Control Plane User Plane

L
3 RRC
Radio Bearer
PDCP

L
RLC
2
Logical Channel

MAC
Transport Channels
L
Physical Layer
1
Physical Channels
4 © Nokia Siemens Networks
 NAS Protocol(s) Application Layer
(Attach/TA Update/…)
IP / TCP | UDP | …
(E-)RRC
(Radio Resource Control)

Radio Bearer

PDCP’ PDCP’ PDCP PDCP PDCP

ROHC (RFC 3095)
(Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data
…
Convergence Convergence Convergence Convergence Convergence Security
Protocol) Protocol) Protocol) Protocol) Protocol)

RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC Segment./Reassembly

(Radio Link (Radio Link (Radio Link … (Radio Link (Radio Link
ARQ
Control) Control) Control) Control) Control)

Logical Channel Scheduling /

Priority Handling

Medium Access Control (MAC) De/Multiplexing

HARQ

Transport Channels

CRC
FDD | TDD - Layer 1
( DL: OFDMA, UL: SC-FDMA ) Coding/Rate Matching

Interleaving

Modulation
Physical Channels
5 © Nokia Siemens Networks Resource Mapping/MIMO
NAS Protocols Transfer

MME

UE eNB MME

NAS NAS

RRC RRC

PDCP PDCP

RLC RLC

MAC MAC

PHY PHY

6 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Air Interface Protocols

Radio Protocols Architecture

RRC Tasks and States
Layer 2 Functions and Data Flow
Protocols Configuration Example

7 © Nokia Siemens Networks

 NAS Protocol(s) Application Layer
NAS System Information (BCCH)
(Attach/TA Update/…)
E-UTRAN System Info. (BCCH) IP / TCP | UDP | …
Paging (PCCH) (E-)RRC
RRC Connection Management (Radio Resource Control)

Temporary Identifiers UE-EUTRAN

Radio Bearer
Allocation of Sign. Radio Bearers

PDCP’ PDCP’ PDCP PDCP PDCP

E-UTRAN Security
(Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data
…
Integrity protection for RRC msg. Convergence Convergence Convergence Convergence Convergence
Protocol) Protocol) Protocol) Protocol) Protocol)
Mgmt. of ptp radio bearers

Mobility Functions (LTE_ACTIVE) RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC

(Radio Link (Radio Link (Radio Link … (Radio Link (Radio Link
UE measurement reporting/control
Control) Control) Control) Control) Control)
Inter-cell handover

Control of cell (re-)selection Logical Channel

UE context transfer between eNB

Medium Access Control (MAC)

MBMS

Notification for MBMS services

Transport Channels
Mgmt. of MBMS radio bearers

QoS control FDD | TDD - Layer 1

Transfer of NAS messages ( DL: OFDMA, UL: SC-FDMA )

Physical Channels
8 © Nokia Siemens Networks
 NAS Protocol(s) Application Layer
NAS System Information (BCCH)
(Attach/TA Update/…)
E-UTRAN System Info. (BCCH) IP / TCP | UDP | …
Paging (PCCH) (E-)RRC
RRC Connection Management (Radio Resource Control)

Temporary Identifiers UE-EUTRAN

Radio Bearer
Allocation of Sign. Radio Bearers

PDCP’ PDCP’ PDCP PDCP PDCP

E-UTRAN Security
(Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data (Packet Data
…
Integrity protection for RRC msg. Convergence Convergence Convergence Convergence Convergence
Protocol) Protocol) Protocol) Protocol) Protocol)
Mgmt. of ptp radio bearers

Mobility Functions (LTE_ACTIVE) RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC

(Radio Link (Radio Link (Radio Link … (Radio Link (Radio Link
UE measurement reporting/control
Control) Control) Control) Control) Control)
Inter-cell handover

Control of cell (re-)selection Logical Channel

UE context transfer between eNB

Medium Access Control (MAC)

MBMS

Notification for MBMS services

Transport Channels
Mgmt. of MBMS radio bearers

QoS control FDD | TDD - Layer 1

Transfer of NAS messages ( DL: OFDMA, UL: SC-FDMA )

Physical Channels
9 © Nokia Siemens Networks
RRC States for EUTRAN
RRC_IDLE RRC_CONNECTED
• UE in DRX (NAS • UE in DRX/DTX (e-Node
configuration); B configuration);
• UE uses mainly
• UE receives BCCH;
DCCH/DTCH;
• UE monitors PCH; • UL/DL data transmission
RRC Connection Establishment
(via CCCH)
possible;
• cell reselection; • UE monitors PDCCH to
get scheduling
assignments;
• no RRC context in e- • UE reports channel
NodeB quality (CQI) to e-NodeB to
RRC Connection Release
assist channel dependent
(via DL-SCH)
scheduling;

• neighbor cell
measurements by UE
(automatic UE detection);
• handover;
• e-NodeB knows UE’s cell;
• RRC context in e-NodeB;

10 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Air Interface Protocols

Radio Protocols Architecture

RRC Tasks and States
Layer 2 Functions and Data Flow
Protocols Configuration Example

11 © Nokia Siemens Networks

 NAS

(E-)RRC IP (user plane)

…
RB RB RB RB
PDCP
ROHC ROHC ROHC
…
Security Security Security Security

RLC Segment- Segment- Segment- Segment-

ation ation ation ation
…
ARQ ARQ ARQ ARQ

MAC LogCH LogCH LogCH LogCH

Scheduling/Priority
…

Multiplexing

HARQ …

Transport Block
(1 per TTI)
TB ACK|NACK

TrCH
FDD | TDD - Layer 1

12 © Nokia Siemens Networks

( … UL: SC-FDMA )
 UE #1 UE #N
NAS NAS

(E-)RRC IP (user plane) (E-)RRC IP (user plane)

…
RB RB RB RB
PDCP PDCP
ROHC ROHC

Security … Security Security … Security

PCCH BCCH
RLC Segment- Segment- RLC Segment- Segment-
ation ation ation ation
(Paging) (SysInfo)
… … …

ARQ ARQ ARQ ARQ (E-)RRC

MAC LogCH LogCH LogCH LogCH

Scheduling/Priority
… … …
Multiplexing UE#1 Multiplexing UE#N

HARQ … HARQ …
ACK|NACK

ACK|NACK
TB
Transport Block(s) TB Transport Block(s) TB
TB

TrCH TrCH PCH BCH

FDD | TDD - Layer 1

13 © Nokia Siemens Networks

( … DL: OFDMA )
 Index to LCID values relation for UL-SCH.
Index LCID values

00000 CCCH

00001-01010 Identity of the logical channel

01011-11011 Reserved

11010 Power headroom report

11011 C-RNTI

11100 Truncated BSR

11101 Short BSR

11110 Long BSR

11111 Padding

14 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Air Interface Protocols

Radio Protocols Architecture

RRC Tasks and States
Layer 2 Functions and Data Flow
Protocols Configuration Example

17 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Protocols Configuration Example - Downlink
E-mail FTP
NAS
UDP TCP
RRC IP IP
SRB1 SRB2 DRB1 DRB2

PDCP Integrity&ciphering Ciphering&ROHC

RLC AM AM AM AM

Logical Channels DCCH1 DCCH2 DTCH1 DTCH2

MAC

Transport Channels DL-SCH

Physical Layer

Physical Channels PDSCH

18 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Protocols Configuration Example - Downlink
E-mail FTP
NAS
UDP TCP
RRC IP IP
SRB1 SRB2 DRB1 DRB2

PDCP Integrity&ciphering Ciphering&ROHC

RLC AM AM AM AM

Logical Channels DCCH1 DCCH2 DTCH1 DTCH2

MAC

Transport Channels DL-SCH

Physical Layer

Physical Channels PDSCH

19 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Data Flow Example
E-Mail (IP packet) FTP Download (IP packet)

Header Payload Header Payload

PDCP H
H Payload Payload

PDCP PDCP
PDCP SDU PDCP SDU
Header Header

RLC
PDCP PDU PDCP PDU

RLC RLC RLC

RLC SDU RLC SDU RLC SDU
Header Header Header

MAC MAC MAC

RLC PDU RLC PDU
Header Header

Transport block CRC Transport block CRC

PHY

PDU = Protocol Data Unit

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SDU = Service Data Unit