AI

GROUP 10

GROUP MEMBERS :

ALISHA OMAMAH KHAN

ALI-UL-HASSAN RAJA SALMAN

AI

SCIENCE

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Presented by:Group 10
 CONTENTS

01
Introduction to AI
02
How AI Works
03
Applications of AI,
Advantages &
Disadvantages

04
Future of AI &
Ethical Concerns

Presented by:Group 10
01 INTRODUCTION TO AI
ADD A SHORT DESCRIPTION

Presented by :ALISHA
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Why AI is Important
History of AI:

What is Artificial Intelligence? Types of AI

Presented by : ALISHA
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Definition of AI:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of
computer science that focuses on creating
machines or software capable of
performing tasks that typically require
human intelligence. These tasks include
learning, reasoning, problem-solving,
perception, language understanding, and
decision-making.
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TYPES OF AI
1. Narrow AI (Weak AI): Designed for specific tasks, such as
virtual assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa), recommendation systems
(e.g., Netflix, Spotify), or self-driving cars.
2. General AI (Strong AI): Hypothetical AI that can perform any
intellectual task a human can do. This level of AI does not yet
exist.
3. Super AI: A theoretical concept where AI surpasses human
intelligence, capable of independent thought, creativity, and
emotions.
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History and Evolution of AI;

1. Early Foundations (Pre-1950s):
Ancient myths and mechanical automatons laid the groundwork for AI concepts.
Mathematicians like Alan Turing proposed the idea of a "universal machine" (Turing
Machine) that could simulate human reasoning.
2. Birth of AI (1950s-1960s):
1950: Turing introduced the Turing Test to measure machine intelligence.
1956: The term Artificial Intelligence was coined at the Dartmouth Conference,
marking the official start of AI research.
Early AI programs, such as Logic Theorist and General Problem Solver, demonstrated
problem-solving abilities
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3. AI Boom & First Winter (1960s-1980s):

Optimism led to funding and advances in expert systems and rule-based AI.
1970s-1980s: AI faced setbacks due to limited computing power and unrealistic
expectations, leading to reduced funding (AI Winter).
4. Rise of Machine Learning (1990s-2010s):
1997: IBM’s Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
2000s: AI shifted towards machine learning and big data.
2011: IBM’s Watson won Jeopardy! against human champions.
2012: Deep learning breakthroughs, such as Google’s AlexNet, revolutionized AI.
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Why AI is Important?
AI is important because it enhances efficiency, improves decision-making, and automates
complex tasks, transforming industries and everyday life. Here’s why AI matters:
1. Automation & Efficiency:
AI automates repetitive tasks, saving time and resources.
Used in manufacturing, customer service (chatbots), and data processing.
2. Improved Decision-Making:
AI analyzes vast amounts of data to provide insights and predictions.
Used in finance, healthcare, and business intelligence.
3. Personalization:
AI powers recommendation systems (Netflix, Spotify, Amazon).
Enhances user experience by tailoring content based on preferences.
02 HOW AI WORKS
ADD A SHORT DESCRIPTION

Presented by : Omamah Khan

 HOW AI WORK

Machine Deep Natural Computer Vision:

Learning (ML) Learning Language How AI is
Processing Trained?
(NLP)

1 2 3 4
Presented by : Omamah Khan
 HOW AI WORKS

How AI Works

AI works by processing data through Machine

Learning (ML) to identify patterns, Deep Learning
(DL) for complex decision-making, Natural
Language Processing (NLP) to understand text and
speech, and Computer Vision (CV) to interpret
images and videos.

.
 HOW AI WORKS

Machine Learning (ML)

Machine Learning is a branch of AI that enables computers to learn
from data and make predictions or decisions without explicit
programming. It improves automatically through experience.
How ML Works?

ML models analyze large datasets, identify patterns, and

use algorithms to make predictions. They improve accuracy
over time by continuously learning from new data.
Example
Email spam detection—ML
.
learns from past emails to
classify new ones as spam or not based on patterns like
keywords and sender information.
 HOW AI WORKS

Deep Learning

⿡Deep Learning is a subset of Machine Learning that uses artificial neural networks to
process large amounts of data and make complex decisions, mimicking the human brain.
HOW Deep learning Works?

It consists of multiple layers of neurons that extract features from raw data, learning
patterns
Example:through weighted connections and adjusting them using backpropagation.

Facial recognition—deep learning models analyze facial features and match them with
stored images to identify individuals.
.

📌 Example: Facebook auto-tags faces in photos.

 HOW AI WORKS
Natural Language Processing (NLP)

NLP is a branch of AI that enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language. It helps

machines process text and speech for meaningful interactions.

How NLP Works?

NLP uses techniques like tokenization, syntax parsing, and machine learning models to analyze language, extract

meaning, and generate responses based on context.

Example

Virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa use NLP to understand voice commands and provide relevant answers.
.
📌 Example: Google Translate converts text between languages.
 HOW AI WORKS
Computer Vision
Computer Vision is a field of AI that enables computers to interpret and analyze visual data, such as images
and videos, to make decisions

How Computer Vision Works?

It uses deep learning models and image processing techniques to detect patterns, recognize objects, and
extract meaningful insights from visual inputs.

Example:

Self-driving cars use computer vision to detect pedestrians, traffic signals, and other vehicles to
navigate safely.

📌 Example: Face ID unlocks iPhones by recognizing

.
faces.
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KEY DIFFERENCES

Machine Learning (ML): Broad AI field that learns patterns from data for
predictions.
⿡

Deep Learning (DL): A subset of ML using deep neural networks for

complex tasks.

Natural Language Processing (NLP): Focuses on understanding and

processing human language.
.

Computer Vision (CV): Enables computers to interpret and analyze images

and videos.
03 APPLICATIONS OF AI
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
ADD A SHORT DESCRIPTION

Presented by :ALI-UL-HASSAN
 APPLICATION OF AI
Healthcare:
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
IN DIFFERENT
Entertainment: IN DIFFERENT FEILDS
FEILDS
Education:

Presented by :ALI-UL-HASSAN
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A P P L I C AT I O N O F A I

Healthcare:
AI is used to cure different health problems like cancer, brain tumor.
Cyberknife is a robot at Jinnah Hospital Karachi which cures early
stages of Cancer by radiation.
The Patient just lay on the bed and the robot moves around its head
and emit radiations.
For instance, Google's DeepMind developed an AI system capable of
detecting over 50 eye diseases with high accuracy.
Education:
Most students like us are using AI as their daily homework solver.
AI increases productivity as it generates fast and step by step guide
for a problem. (summarizes a long lecture).
Most people are using AI as their personal assistant like keeping record
of students data or converting a written content to an engaging video
lecture. (AI AVATARS, using Text to Video model in AI tools e.g:
Synthesia)
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A P P L I C AT I O N O F A I

Entertainment:
You can create AI generated music with zero experience. (Suno.ai)
You can create Hyper-realistic images just by giving prompt to AI.
(Ideogram.ai)
You can also create stunning video footages without using heavy
equipment using AI.
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A D VA N TA G E S O F A I

 Unlike humans, AI systems don't get tired or become distracted. It’s

also available 24/7 and can be accessed any time.

 It improves productivity and efficiency in everyday tasks.

 AI can handle large volumes of data and processes more efficiently

because Unlike humans, AI systems don't get tired or become
distracted.
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D I S VA N TA G E S O F A I
• AI automation may lead to some Job displacements.

• AI deepfake content can mislead Internet.

• AI generated content or results are not always 100%

accurate.

AT LAST…
• At last I just want to say that we should use AI in a positive
way as the future is AI and we should also know the bad side
of AI.

• Please verify everything you see on Internet.

 FUTURE OF AI &
04 ETHICAL CONCERNS
ADD A SHORT DESCRIPTION

Presented by :Raja Salman

 FUTURE OF AI

How AI Will Be
Future of AI:.
Controlled?

Challenges &
Ethical Issues Conclusion
in AI:
 FUTURE OF AI

1 Future of AI

2
Challenges & Ethical Issues in AI

3
How AI Will Be Controlled?

4 Conclusion
 FUTURE OF AI
1 Future of AI

The future of AI looks very promising, with advancements in

automation, healthcare, education, and more. AI will continue to
improve human life by making tasks easier and more efficient. Some
key areas include:
 Advanced Automation: AI will continue to improve efficiency in
industries like healthcare, finance, and transportation.
 Human-AI Collaboration: AI will assist rather than replace
humans, making tasks easier.
 Artificial General Intelligence (AGI): Research is ongoing to
develop AI with human-like reasoning and decision-making.
 AI in Healthcare: AI-powered diagnosis, robotic surgeries, and
personalized medicine.
 AI in Education: Smart tutors, automated grading, and AI-driven
personalized learning.
 Self-Learning Systems: AI will improve by learning from real-
world interactions without human intervention.
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2
Challenges & Ethical Issues in AI

 Privacy & Data Security

AI collects a lot of personal data, which can be misused if not
protected properly.
Example: Social media platforms using AI to track users’ behavior
and showing targeted ads.
Hackers can misuse AI for cyber-attacks or unauthorized access.
 Bias & Fairness
AI systems may be unfair if trained with biased data.
Example: AI recruitment tools rejecting candidates based on gender
or race due to biased training data.
To solve this, AI should be trained with diverse and fair data.
 Job Replacement
AI can take over some human jobs, especially repetitive tasks.
Example: Self-driving cars reducing the need for drivers.
However, AI can also create new jobs that require human skills.
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3
How AI Will Be Controlled?

 Since AI is becoming more powerful, it must be controlled to

prevent misuse. Here’s how:
 Laws and Regulations: Governments will create strict rules to
ensure AI is used ethically.
 Ethical AI Development: AI should be trained with fair and
unbiased data to avoid discrimination.
 Human Oversight: AI should always have human supervision,
especially in critical areas like healthcare and military
applications.
 Data Privacy Measures: Strong security systems must be in place
to protect personal data from misuse.
 FUTURE OF AI
4
Conclusion of the Whole Topic
• AI is Revolutionizing Industries – AI is transforming healthcare,
education, finance, and entertainment by automating tasks
and improving efficiency.
• Advantages & Challenges – While AI enhances accuracy and
productivity, it also raises concerns like job loss, data privacy,
and bias.
• Future of AI – AI will continue advancing, but ethical
considerations must be addressed to ensure fair and
responsible use.

• Responsible AI Development – AI should be developed with

proper regulations and human oversight to maximize its
benefits for society.
 PRESENTED BY :GROUP 10

ALISHA OMAMAH KHAN

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ALI-UL-HASSAN RAJA SALMAN

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RAJA SALMAN

03

THANK YOU
Reporter: GROUP 10