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Puter Networks

A computer network is a collection of interconnected computers and devices that facilitate communication and resource sharing. There are various types of networks, including Personal Area Networks (PAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), and Global Area Networks (GAN), each serving different geographical scopes and purposes. The Internet is a global network of interconnected networks, while an intranet is a private network within an organization, and email is a method of sending messages electronically over these networks.

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3 views25 pages

Puter Networks

A computer network is a collection of interconnected computers and devices that facilitate communication and resource sharing. There are various types of networks, including Personal Area Networks (PAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), and Global Area Networks (GAN), each serving different geographical scopes and purposes. The Internet is a global network of interconnected networks, while an intranet is a private network within an organization, and email is a method of sending messages electronically over these networks.

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basitali12297
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Networks

COMPUTER NETWORK
A computer network, often simply referred to as a
network, is a collection of computers and devices
interconnected by communications channels that
facilitate communications among users and allows
users to share resources.
Common types of computer
networks
1. Personal area network
• A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for
communication among computer and different information
technological devices close to one person. Some examples of
devices that are used in a PAN are personal computers, printers, fax
machines, telephones and scanners etc.
• A PAN may include wired and wireless devices. The reach of a PAN
typically extends to 10 meters.
2.Local area network
• A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects
computers and devices in a limited geographical area
such as home, school, computer laboratory, office
building, or closely positioned group of buildings.
• Each computer or device on the network is a node.
3.Campus network

• A campus network is a computer network made up of


interconnection of local area networks (LAN's) within a limited
geographical area.

• In the case of a university campus-based campus network, the


network is likely to link a variety of campus buildings including;
academic departments, the university library and student
residence halls etc.
4.Metropolitan area network
• A MAN is optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN,
ranging from several blocks of buildings to entire cities.
• A MAN usually interconnects a number of local area networks
(LANs) using a high-capacity backbone technology, such as fiber-
optical links, and provides up-link services to wide area networks
(or WAN) and the Internet.
• MANs can also depend on communications channels of
moderate-to-high data rates.
• A MAN might be owned and operated by a single organization,
but it usually will be used by many individuals and organizations.
5.Wide area network
• A wide area network (WAN) is a computer network that covers
a large geographic area such as a city, country, or spans
(covers) even intercontinental distances, using a
communication channels like telephone lines, cables, and air
waves.
• A WAN often uses transmission facilities provided by common
carriers, such as telephone companies.
6.Global Area Network
• Global area network (GAN) refers to any network that is
composed of different interconnected computer WANs and
also covers an unlimited geographical area.
• PAN: usually covers a single personal space

• LAN: covers anything from 2 local PCs to several clustered buildings

• MAN: Typically a network that not only covers the whole metro area, but
is usually accessible by all citizens.

• CAN: Same as MAN, but usually reserved for academic institutions.

• WAN: Any network larger than a MAN/CAN (ag across cities or states in a
country.

• GAN: Any network that covers the world


Internet:
• The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks
that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions
of users worldwide.

• It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public,


academic, business, and government networks, of local to global
scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic and optical
networking technologies.

• The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and


services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World
Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail.
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Uses of Internet
Intranet:
• An intranet is a network based on TCP/IP protocols (an internet)
belonging to an organization, usually a corporation, accessible only by
the organization's members, employees, or others with authorization.
• An intranet's Web sites look and act just like any other Web sites, but
the firewall surrounding an intranet fends off unauthorized access.
Email
Simply put, email, or "electronic mail," is the process of sending
and receiving messages over the Internet.
While email is similar to a traditional mail system, or "snail mail,"
as it's sometimes referred to, it's also very different.
A system for sending messages via telecommunications links
between computers.
Short for electronic mail, the transmission of messages over
communications networks. The messages can be notes entered
from the keyboard or electronic files stored on disk. Most
mainframes, minicomputers, and computer networks have an e-
mail system. Some electronic-mail systems are confined to a single
computer system or network, but others have gateways to other
computer systems, enabling users to send electronic mail
anywhere in the world. Companies that are fully computerized
make extensive use of e-mail because it is fast, flexible, and
reliable.
Most e-mail systems include a rudimentary text editor for composing
messages, but many allow you to edit your messages using any
editor you want. You then send the message to the recipient by
specifying the recipient's address. You can also send the same
message to several users at once. This is called broadcasting.
Sent messages are stored in electronic mail boxes until the recipient
fetches them. To see if you have any mail, you may have to check
your electronic mailbox periodically, although many systems alert
you when mail is received. After reading your mail, you can store it in
a text file, forward it to other users, or delete it. Copies of memos
can be printed out on a printer if you want a paper copy.
All online services and Internet Service Providers (ISPs) offer e-mail
and most also support gateways so that you can exchange mail with
users of other systems. Usually, it takes only a few seconds or
minutes for mail to arrive at its destination. This is a particularly
effective way to communicate with a group because you can
broadcast a message or document to everyone in the group at once.
Extension Meaning Examples

.com A company or business www.microsoft.com, www.yahoo.com

A non-profit or not-for-profit
.org www.GCFLearnFree.org, www.goodwillenc.org
institution

.gov US Governmental agency www.epa.gov, www.whitehouse.gov

.mil US Military www.army.mil, navy.mil

.edu US Educational institution www.ncsu.edu, www.duke.edu,

.net ISP or Network Provider www.earthlink.net


Most email client software allows you to:
• Display a list of received messages. Each
message header shows you who sent the mail,
the subject line, the time and date it was sent,
and at times, the size of the message.
• Select the message header and read the
message.
• Create new messages.
• Reply to, forward, and delete messages.
• "Attach" files (called attachments) to messages
you send.
• Save the attachments you receive.

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