OSHA Crane & Derrick

Standard
Subpart CC
1926.1400
Items that will impact
Everyone
 Qualified Signalperson

Qualified person means a person who, by

possession of a recognized degree, certificate,
or professional standing, or who by extensive
knowledge, training and experience,
successfully demonstrated the ability to
solve/resolve problems relating to the subject
matter, the work, or the project.
Signals
Signal person – Signal Types:
when required:  Hand, voice, audible
or “new”
 Point of operation  Only time an
not in full view of operator can use a
operator cell phone is while
 View of direction of lifting as part of a
travel is obstructed planned procedure

 Site specific safety

concerns
 1926.1428 Signal
person
qualifications
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Signals (cont’d.)
Signal person qualifications

Qualified how Documentation Portable

3rd party qualified Yes Yes

evaluator
Employer Qualified Yes No
Evaluator

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Signals (cont’d.)
Qualification
Requirements:
 Know & understand signals
 Competent in using signals
 Basic understanding of crane
operation
 Verbal or written test +
practical test

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Qualified Rigger
 Qualified Rigger
1926.1404 (r)

Meets the criteria for a qualified person

Possession of a recognized degree,

certificate, or professional standing, or
extensive (rigging) knowledge, training and
experience

Successfully demonstrated the ability to

solve/resolve problems (relating to rigging)
Crane or Not Crane?
 Functional description
 Can hoist,
 Lower and
 Horizontally move a
suspended load
 Forklifts configured to
hoist and lower (by means
of a winch OR hook) and
horizontally move a
suspended load are Forklift with attached
covered boom. 1926.1400 (c)(8)

 Backhoes are excluded

See 1926.1441 if using
even if used like a
equipment with a rated
crane….1926.1400 (c)(2) hoisting/lifting capacity of
2,000 pounds or less
1926.1408 Power Lines
Step 1: Identify
Work Zone
 Work Zone =
Marking boundaries
OR
 360 degrees around
crane up to
maximum working
radius
 Make the power line
hazard assessment

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 Could you get
within 20 feet of
power line?
YES NO

Option #1
Deenergize
& Ground
No further
Encroachment
action
Option #2 Prevention
20 foot measures
clearance • Planning meeting
• If tag lines used Non-
Option #3 conductive
Ask Utility • Elevated warning lines,
for Voltage barricade or line of signs
and
Use Table A • PLUS (Choose one):
(with minimum
• Proximity alarm, spotter, warning
clearance
distance) device, range limiter, or insulating
link
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Table A – Minimum Clearance Distances
Voltage (nominal, kV, Minimum clearance
alternating current) distance (feet)
up to 50 10
over 50 to 200 15
over 200 to 350 20
over 350 to 500 25
over 500 to 750 35
over 750 to 1000 45
over 1000 (as established by the power line
owner/operator or registered
professional engineer who is a
qualified person with respect to
electrical power transmission and
distribution)
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Intentionally Working Closer
Than Table A Zone 1910.1410
Paragraph (b) requires the employer to
consult with the utility owner/operator
before deciding that it infeasible to
deenergize and ground the lines or
relocate them.
Employer can establish this distance by
either having the utility owner/operator
determine the minimum clearance
distance that must be maintained or by
having a registered professional
engineer who is a qualified person with
respect to electrical transmission and
distribution determine the minimum
clearance distance that must be
maintained.
ntentionally Working Closer Than Table A Zon
Must show: All of the following are required:
1926.1410
• Staying outside
1. PL owner – sets minimum approach
zone
distance
is infeasible
• Infeasible to 2. Planning meeting – procedures
de-energize and 3. Dedicated spotter
ground 4. Elevated warning line or barricade
5. Insulating link/device
6. Non-conductive rigging
7. Range limiter (if equipped)
8. Non-conductive tag line (if used)
9. Barricades - 10 feet from equipment
10. Limit access to essential employees
11. Ground crane
12. Deactivate automatic re-energizer

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Certification of Operators
Operator Qualifications and
Certifications - 4 Options
OPTION 1:
Accredited testing organization
OPTION 2:
Employer qualification program
OPTION 3:
U.S. military
OPTION 4:
State/local gov’t license

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Operator Qualifications and
Certifications (cont’d)
Portabl Valid
Accredited testing e *
YES 5 years
organization
Employer Qualification NO 5 years
Program
US Military license NO * Set by issuing
entity
State/local license NO * Set by issuing
Valid only entity, not > 5
in entity’s years
jurisdiction

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Written Certification Tests
Administered in any language understood by
the operator candidate.
Test must cover:
 Controls/performance characteristics
 Calculate capacity (w/ or w/out calculator)
 Preventing power line contact
 Ground support
 Read and locate info in operating manual
 Appendix Q subjects
Practical Examination
Must be well designed and sufficiently
comprehensive
Must have the demonstrated the skills and
knowledge needed to operate the
equipment safely.
An operator's ability to handle unusual
worksite conditions, such as adverse
weather or working on crowded jobsites,
are hazards that are not commonly part of
this exam.
 "Operator in Training"
An Operator who does not have a certification
on August 8th, 2014 will be considered an
Operator in Training, regardless of previous
experience.
Must operate under the direct supervision of
a Certified Operator
 Establishes the criteria when an Operator in
Training may work.
 Rules for maximum time operating w/o a
Certified Operator.
 Ground Conditions
1926.1402 (b)
Ground conditions must be firm, drained, and
graded
Use supporting materials,
Use equipment manufacturer's specifications
for adequate support
Use equipment manufacturer's specifications
for degree of level of the equipment
 Controlling Entity
1926.1402 (c)(3)
Must ensure that ground preparations are
safe
Must inform the user of the equipment
and the operator of the location of known
hazards beneath the equipment set-up
area (such as voids, tanks, utilities)
If there is no controlling entity then the
employer that has authority at the site to
make or arrange for ground preparations
must do so.
 Assembly Disassembly

Employers must use a qualified rigger for

rigging operations during assembly &
disassembly

Two options:
 Manufacturer procedures or
 Employer procedures (criteria requirements).
Employer procedures cannot be used if using
synthetic rigging.
 Assembly/Disassembly
Supervisor
Must understand procedures
Review procedures (unless they’ve used them
before)
Check that crew members understand their
tasks, hazards
Follow manufacturer’s prohibitions
When using outriggers - fully extended or
deployed per the load chart
 Assembly/Disassembly (cont’d)
A/D supervisor addresses 12 key hazards,
including:
 Adequate site and ground conditions
 Sufficient blocking for load and stability
 Suitable boom and jib pick points
 Identify center of gravity
 Stability for pin removal
 Consider wind speed and weather

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 Assembly/Disassembly (cont’d)
The suitability of blocking material
Verification of the loads for assist cranes
Snagging of cables or components
Struck by counter weights
Boom hoist brake failure
Loss of backwards stability

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 Fall Protection
Requirements for manufacturers to provide
walkways and consider fall protection during
design of machines.
During non-A/D work employees must be tied
off when exposed to a 6’ fall.
 When moving point-to-point on non-lattice
booms
 On lattice booms that are not horizontal
On horizontal lattice booms that have a fall
distance of 15’ or more.

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 Fall Protection
While at any workstation or any part of the
equipment (including any boom), except
when the employee is near the draw-works
(when running), in the cab or on the deck.

For A/D work the employer must supply and

ensure that all employees on a
walking/working surface with an unprotected
edge more than 15’ above a lower level are
protected from falls. EXCLUDING when
working at or near the draw- works while the
machine is running.
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 1926.1412 Inspections
Type of Inspection: Who Inspects:

Modified or Repaired/ Qualified

adjusted
Post-assembly Qualified

Shift Competent

Monthly Competent

Annual Qualified
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 Inspections (cont’d)
Shift = visual inspection for apparent
deficiencies

Monthly = documented shift inspection

Annual = comprehensive, every 12 months

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 Each Shift Inspection
Levelness
1926.1412of(d)
the crane
Operator
Apparent view
deficiencies
All
Control
Safety
and
Devices
Drive mechanisms
Operational
Hydraulics Aids are working
Hooks
Wire Rope
Electrical
Ground Conditions
 Operators
 1926.1417 has many requirements. Some
highlights are:
 Must not engage in any activity that diverts
his/her attention while operating the equipment,
 No cell phones (other than when used for signal
communications)
 Must not leave the controls while the load is
suspended, (four exceptions)
 Must verify that the load is within the rated
capacity of the equipment (2 methods)
 Must obey a stop (or emergency stop) signal,
irrespective of who gives it.
 Told of any employee entering the crane work
area 1926.1424(a)(3)
 Employer Training
 Must
1926.1430 Employee
confirm Trainingunderstands
that the employee Issues the
 information provided in the training
Powerline safety

 Provide the training at no cost to the employee
Signal persons
 Operators
 Competent Person
 Qualified Persons
 Crush Pinch point hazards
 Tagout for repair
 Work Area Control
1926.1424
Train each employee assigned to work on or
near the equipment
Erect and maintain control lines, warning
lines, railings or similar barriers to mark the
boundaries of the hazard area (1 Exception)