PRESENTATION ON

FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)

Presented By Presented To
Rittik Chandra Das Turjy (222-15-6289) Dr. Arif Mahmud
Sarbajit Paul Bappy (222-15-6155) Associate Professor & Program Director
MIS
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering
INTRODUCTION
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. FTP
is a standard network protocol used to
transfer files between a client and server
over the internet or a local network.
Transferring files from a client computer to
a server computer is called “Uploading”
and transferring from a server to a client is
“Downloading”. FTP uses the service of
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol).
 OBJECTIVE OF FTP

The primary objective of FTP is to enable efficient, reliable, and standardized file
transfers between client to server and vice versa over a network. Some other
objectives are pointed below:
• Enable smooth file sharing between many operating systems and platforms.
• Handle issues related to compatibility like directory structures, text
representation, and file naming patterns.
• Provide secure and organized methods for uploading, downloading, and
managing files.
• Support large-scale data transfers with flexibility and automation.
 MECHANISM OF FTP
The client has three components: user interface, client
control process, and the client data transfer process. The
server has two components: the server control process and
the server data transfer process. The control connection is
User made between the control processes. The data connection is
made between the data transfer processes.

User
Interface

Control Control Connection Control

Process Process
TCP/IP
Data Transfer Data Transfer
Process Data Connection Process

Client Server
 TYPES OF CONNECTIONS IN FTP

FTP Connections

Control Connection Data Connection

• Purpose: Transfer files between the client and

• Uses the 7-bit ASCII character set for commands
server.
and responses. • Controlled by: Commands sent over the control
• Communication involves one command or response
connection.
at a time. • Three Types of File Transfer:
• Commands and responses are short, single-line
⚬ Retrieve a file (Server → Client): RETR
messages.
• Each line ends with a carriage return (CR) and line command.
⚬ Store a file (Client → Server): STOR command.
feed (LF) token. ⚬ List directory or file names (Server → Client):
• Simple and efficient, with no concerns about file
LIST command (treated as a file).
format or structure on the control connection.
 FILE TRANSFER IN FTP
The client must define the type of file to be transferred, the structure of the data, and the transmission mode. We
prepare the file ready for transmission through the control connection before sending it through the data connection.
The heterogeneity problem is resolved by defining three attributes of communication: file type, data structure, and
transmission mode

File Type Data Structure Transmission Mode

• ASCII: Default for transferring text; • File Structure: Continuous byte • Stream: Default; data are delivered
uses 7-bit encoding. Sender and receiver stream. from FTP to TCP as a continuous
transform data as needed. • Record Structure: Divided into stream of bytes. TCP handles
• EBCDIC: If one or both ends of the records (text only). segmentation for transmission.
⚬ End-of-File:
connection use EBCDIC encoding, then • Page Structure: Divided into pages ￭ File Structure: End-of-file indicate the closing
the file can be transferred using it. with headers and page numbers, of the data connection by the sender.
￭ Record Structure: If the data are divided into
• Image: Default for binary files; sent as allowing random/sequential access. records, then, each record ends with a 1-byte
raw bits. EOR; file ends with a 1-byte EOF.
• Block: Data sent in blocks with 3-byte
headers. (first byte descriptor and next
2 size)
• Compressed: Uses run-length
encoding to reduce file size (e.g.,
compressing blanks in text or nulls in
binary files).
 A D VA N TA G E V S D I S A D VA N TA G E
Advantages of FTP Disadvantages of FTP

• Speed: Fast file transfer between • File size limit is the drawback of FTP
computers. only 2 GB size files can be transferred.
• Efficiency: Entire files can be • More then one receivers are not supported
accessed without extra operations. by FTP.
• Security: Requires username and • FTP does not encrypt the data this is one
of the biggest drawbacks of FTP.
password for access.
• FTP is unsecured we use login IDs and
• Bidirectional: Supports sending and
passwords making it secure but they can
receiving files on the same server.
be attacked by hackers.
 THANK YOU

ANY QUESTION?