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Ppt Virtual Memory

Virtual memory is a key feature in operating systems that allows computers to use disk space to compensate for physical memory shortages, creating an illusion of a larger memory space. It involves concepts such as address space, paging, and segmentation, with components like page tables and swap space. Management techniques include demand paging and various page replacement algorithms to optimize memory usage.

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10 views5 pages

Ppt Virtual Memory

Virtual memory is a key feature in operating systems that allows computers to use disk space to compensate for physical memory shortages, creating an illusion of a larger memory space. It involves concepts such as address space, paging, and segmentation, with components like page tables and swap space. Management techniques include demand paging and various page replacement algorithms to optimize memory usage.

Uploaded by

dhruvmalviya344
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VIRTUAL MEMORY

Virtual memory is a fundamental concept in modern


operating systems that allows a computer to compensate
for physical memory shortages by using disk space. It
provides an illusion; of a large, continuous memory
space to applications, which simplifies memory
management and improves system efficiency.
Key Concepts
1. Address Space
 Logical (Virtual) Address Space: The set of
addresses that an application can use, generated by
the CPU.
 Physical Address Space: The actual addresses in
the computers main memory (RAM).
2. Paging
 Pages: Fixed-size blocks of virtual memory.
 Frames: Fixed-size blocks of physical memory.
 Page Table: A data structure used to map virtual
addresses to physical addresses.
3. Segmentation
 Segments: Variable-size blocks of memory, each
segment can be independently protected and
managed.

 Segment Table: A table that maps two-


dimensional user-defined addresses into physical
addresses.
Components of Virtual Memory
1. Page Table
 Contains entries that map virtual pages to physical
frames.
 Includes information such as frame number, access
permissions, and status bits (e.g., valid/invalid).
3. Swap Space
 A dedicated area on a storage device (e.g., hard
disk or SSD) used to extend the RAM by swapping
pages in and out.
Virtual Memory Management Techniques
1. Demand Paging
 Pages are loaded into memory only when they are
needed.
 Reduces memory usage and improves efficiency.
2. Page Replacement Algorithms
 Least Recently Used (LRU): Replaces the page
that has not been used for the longest time.
 First-In-First-Out (FIFO): Replaces the oldest
page in memory.
 Optimal Page Replacement: Replaces the page
that will not be used for the longest period of time
in the future.

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